Schwarzbach (Elterlein)
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Schwarzbach
City of Elterlein
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| Height : | 530 m | |
| Residents : | 554 (Dec. 31, 2013) | |
| Incorporation : | April 1, 1996 | |
| Postal code : | 09481 | |
| Area code : | 037349 | |
Location of Schwarzbach in Saxony |
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Schwarzbach is a district of the town of Elterlein in the Erzgebirge in Saxony .
geography
Schwarzbach lies in the valley of the river of the same name , which flows through the town from north to south. The highest elevation of the place is the Richterberg in the east of the valley, at the foot of which the Rotbach rises. This flows into the Schwarzbach, which meanders further through Langenberg and Schwarzenberg and finally flows into the Schwarzwasser with the Mittweida . The village was laid out as a typical Waldhufendorf and can still be recognized as such today.
Neighboring places
| Grünhain | Parents | Hermannsdorf |
| Waschleithe |
.svg)
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| Langenberg | Markersbach | Scheibenberg |
history
Schwarzbach is one of those villages in the Western Ore Mountains that were established at the end of the 12th century through planned settlement, presumably by farmers from Main Franconia. The first documentary mention is for the year 1240, when Schwarzbach (as Swartzpach ) with a number of surrounding villages was donated to the then newly founded Grünhain Monastery .
After a conflagration and the destruction of the place in 1322, thanks to the support of the Grünhainer monks, who received an indulgence from Pope Johannes XXII. were able to achieve, Schwarzbach rebuilt. After the Reformation, which was implemented in the later office of Grünhain as early as 1529 and the associated secularization of the monastery property, Schwarzbach came to the office of Grünhain, which emerged from the monastery. In the course of the 16th century, more and more residents hired their earnings with work that was connected with the emerging mining industry. Mining and hammer mills were built around the village and became the basis of life for the entire region. In the course of the 19th century mining in the Ore Mountains lost its importance, so that many Schwarzbach residents made their living with wood and sheet metal work. Another main source of income was the flourishing flax cultivation . The families earned additional income by making lace .
Today there is hardly any industry in the place. The townscape is characterized by old farmhouses and newly built single-family houses. The complex as a double-row forest hoof village is still easy to recognize. Over the centuries the number of farms has remained constant at 25.
Ecclesiastically, the village (with the exception of the parish of Elterlein paper mill ) belonged to the Parish Markersbach from ancient times . As early as the 16th century, the people of Schwarzbach complained about the long and difficult path to the church, especially in winter. However, as a result of a protracted dispute with a Markersbach farmer, the foundation stone was not laid for a separate church until 1835, which was completed two years later. In the same year Schwarzbach was recognized as a separate parish under royal collature . In 1937 Schwarzbach merged with its neighboring community to form Ev.-luth. Parish Elterlein with Schwarzbach .
On April 1, 1996, Schwarzbach lost its status as an independent municipality and became part of the town of Elterlein.
Population development
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Interpretation of population development
The population of the Waldhufendorf Schwarzbach has been growing steadily and slowly since the late Middle Ages and at the beginning of the modern era . This was favored by the living conditions at that time, the population was still "naturally" determined by high birth and death rates . With the onset of industrialization in Germany, the urban population in particular grew, but the population of Schwarzbach in rural areas also rose sharply. In 1834, the year the German Customs Union was founded , it reached a local maximum of 450. Part of the reason for this is certainly the improvement in hygienic conditions and the associated lower infant mortality. The population curve slowed slightly in the second half of the 19th century until it rose sharply again at the beginning of the 20th century. The reason for this is the end of the First World War in 1918, the Versailles Treaty and the associated population shift of people from East Prussia, Memelland, Upper Silesia and Posen to Central Germany. In 1925 a maximum of 549 inhabitants was reached again. In the subsequent period, the National Socialist dictatorship from 1933 to 1945, the population sank atypically despite the political efforts of Adolf Hitler and the NSDAP to increase the population in preparation for war. The reason for this could be that Hitler's policy reached or interested the rural population less. With the end of the Second World War in 1945, enormous growth can be recorded, which can undoubtedly be associated with the forced resettlement of Germans from the Sudetenland and the German eastern regions. In 1950 the Schwarzbach population reached its highest level with 702 inhabitants. The years of the GDR regime from 1949 to 1990 are characterized by a rapid fall in the population until it leveled off around 1964 and remained almost constant. After reunification in 1990, surprisingly, an increase in the population can be seen, although in East Germany and especially in the Ore Mountains a population decline prevailed almost everywhere. An important contributing factor is globalization in the 21st century.
Incorporations
In 1909 the Hammergut Tännicht was incorporated from the neighboring village of Mittweida .
Culture
In addition to the classicist village church , the Tännichtgut in the south of the village is an architectural gem.
The town has had a Christmas pyramid since 1996, which is set in motion every year on the weekend of the 1st Advent at the “ Schwarzbacher Peremettenahschiebn ”.
For a few years now, the Erzgebirge Dengel Championships have also been held in Schwarzbach. The summer and Christmas parties of the interest group for elderly care are also popular.
Numerous clubs shape the townscape and its inhabitants.
traffic
State road S 269 runs through the village. Bus routes 441 and 419 connect Schwarzbach with Annaberg-Buchholz , Schwarzenberg / Erzgeb. , Ehrenfriedersdorf and Zwönitz . Schwarzbach has four bus stops (from north to south) "Gasthof Hackebeil", "Gasthof Beyer", "Wendeschleife" and "Ortsgabe". The railway line in the southeast of Schwarzbach runs from Annaberg to Schwarzenberg, but is no longer used regularly.
gallery
Fire station of the Schwarzbach volunteer fire brigade
Leibiger metal goods production and warehouse
Former school building, demolished in 2012
Doering mill and bakery
literature
- Waldus Nestler, Elke Kretzschmar: Family book for Schwarzbach / Krs. Annaberg 1540-1836 . Leipzig 1993.
- Gisela Gasde: Schwarzbach - a Waldhufendorf . Schwarzbach 1994.
- Gisela Gasde: Schwarzbach - our beautiful village 1945–89 . Schwarzbach 1995.
Web links
- Schwarzbach in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Side of the town of Elterlein with a brief introduction to Schwarzbach
Individual evidence
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1996
- ↑ cf. Schwarzbach in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ K. Richter: 200 years Trampeliorgel zu Markersbach
- ↑ CFT Rudowsky: directory of whole villages of the Kingdom of Saxony ... after counting on 3 December 1855. Ramming, Dresden 1857 S. 68th