Seidau
Seidau (also the Seidau ; Upper Sorbian ) was an independent place in the Spreetal near Bautzen until 1922 and since then has been part of the urban area, today mostly part of the Westvorstadt district .
At the western end of the Seidau lies the former Schmole estate , after which the Schmoler Weg , a street in the western suburb, is still named today.
geography
Seidau is mainly located on the left bank of the Spree and connects directly to the north of Bautzen's old town . The populated area is mostly in the valleys of the Spree (along today's Seidauer Strasse and Unterm Schloss) and the Jordanbach (along Salzenforster Strasse) at an altitude of around 170 m . It is bounded by the hill of Bautzen's old town in the south, the Protschenberg and Windmühlenberg in the west and the Steinberg in the northeast. In the south, the historic Seidau ends at the former location of the Ratsmühle below the Mühlbastei . Due to its location in the Spreetal, the Seidau is one of the few districts of Bautzen that are at risk of flooding.
The following streets belonged to the former municipality of Seidau: Seidauer Strasse (until 1922: Hauptstrasse), Frankfurt, Oberweg, Salzenforster Strasse, Schmole, Steinberg, Teichnitzer Strasse, Unterm Schloß, Veilchenberg and Welkaer Strasse.
history
The place was first mentioned in 1359 as Sydaw . In the 16th century the southern part belonged (the houses under the castle ) after Oberlausitzer Pönfall as a natural Suburbium to Burglehn of Ortenburg . The village of Seidau further north was also part of the Burglehn around 1550 and was administered by the Landvogtei. In addition, some properties on the northern slope of the castle hill were owned by the cathedral monastery . So there were three different jurisdictions in the place, which was particularly noticeable for the residents with regard to brewing, slaughtering and distilling rights. It was not until 1839 that the Landvogteiliche, the Landeshauptmannschaftliche and the cathedral part of the Seidau were merged into one municipality. Even then, voices were heard calling for the Seidau to be incorporated into Bautzen in view of their geographic location. However, the city council rejected this in 1842.
Until 1804, the town's shooting range was on a rocky plateau above the eastern Seidau, which is still called Schützenplatz today . After repeated complaints from the citizens of Seidau about the threat from ricochets and the noise, the training area was relocated to the south of the city area.
In August 1866, cholera broke out in Seidau and Unterm Schloss . The epidemic, which lasted until September, claims numerous victims. In 1867 the Seidau town council asked again for incorporation, which was again rejected by the Bautzen town council in 1870. In the course of industrialization and the lack of space in the city, the city council changed its mind at the beginning of the 20th century and pursued the incorporation of the Seidau. After tough negotiations, the place was finally incorporated in November 1922 by decision of the district main team. The community was nearly bankrupt at this point.
In 1910 Seidau had just under 3,500 inhabitants. In 1904 a new school, today's Fichteschule, was built on Protschenberg, as there was not enough space in the previous Seidauer school on Oberweg.
In the course of the Battle of Bautzen , the district was set on fire by the defenders on April 21, 1945 in order to make it more difficult for the Soviet troops to advance to the Ortenburg and Schützenplatz.
Place name
While Arnošt Muka derives the place name from the Sorbian word žid for “Jew” or from žida for “silk”, which happens without a historical basis, Ernst Eichler and Hans Walther assume the Old Slavic origin žid for “liquid” (cf. Upper Sorbian židki ; Russian žiža = "mud") and relate the name to the location of the place in the marshy floodplain of the Spree at the confluence of the Jordanbach.
religion
In the 19th century, the Moravian Brethren in Seidau, which was then three-quarters of which were Sorbian residents, had their only partnership in what is now the city, since the Bautzen city council did not allow religious competitors to be established within the city, but the Seidau community did .
The Protestant cemetery of the former community, along with a chapel, is located on the Protschenberg.
traffic
Nowadays, Seidauer Strasse is the shortest connection between the Bautzen city center and the Bautzen-West junction with the A 4 , but in places it is very narrow and confusing. After complaints from residents about the noise nuisance, "the Seidau" was closed to through traffic in 2007.
Until 1965, Seidau owned a train station on the now-closed Bautzen – Hoyerswerda railway line . There the so-called Spreetalbahn branched off from 1893 to 1994 , which as an industrial line only served the goods traffic to the factories in the Spreetal. Your end point was the Seidau loading point.
Personalities
- Andreas Nitsche ( Handrij Nyča ; 1731–1795), Sorbian traveler and scholar, Saxon court advisor , born in Seidau
- Jan Arnošt Smoler (1816–1884), Sorbian philologist, writer and publisher, lived at Seidauer Straße 40 for 20 years
- Jan Radyserb-Wjela (1822–1907), Sorbian poet and writer, born in Seidau
- Marko Smoler (1857–1941), Sorbian publisher and editor of the Serbske Nowiny , born in Seidau
- Agnes Stavenhagen (1860–1945), soprano and chamber singer , died in Seidau
- Karl August Räde (1864–1946), gardener, landscape architect and dendrologist in Budapest , grew up in the Seidau
- Wilhelm Buck (1869–1945), Saxon politician (SPD) of Sorbian origin, Prime Minister 1920–23, born in Seidau
- Pawoł Nowotny (1912–2010), Sorbian literary historian and folklorist, born in Seidau
literature
- Cornelius Gurlitt : Seidau. In: Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 32nd issue: Bautzen Official Authority (Part II) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1908, p. 285.
swell
- ↑ Seidau / Bautzen district boundaries and address directory in the address book for Bautzen 1913/14. Monse, Bautzen 1913.
- ↑ Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke : The development of the city of Bautzen. In: From Budissin to Bautzen. Lusatia, Bautzen 2002, p. 50
- ^ Roland Baier: The military base Bautzen. In: From Budissin to Bautzen. Lusatia, Bautzen 2002, p. 295
- ^ Felix Wilhelm: The houses under the castle in Bautzen . ( Memento of the original from February 26, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Bautzen 1934
- ↑ Bautzener Tageblatt of May 2, 1945, report on the fighting for Bautzen
- ^ Ernst Eichler and Hans Walther : Obersorbisches Ortnamesbuch. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975
- ↑ Ernst Tschernik: The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954.
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 11 ′ N , 14 ° 25 ′ E