Independent coastal army

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(Self-employed) Coastal Army
(Отдельная) Приморская армия

active July 20, 1941 - July 7, 1942
November 20, 1943 - August 1945
Country Soviet Union 1923Soviet Union Soviet Union
Armed forces Red Army
Armed forces Land Forces
Type army
Insinuation Southern Front
Transcaucasus Front Caucasian Front Crimean Front North
Caucasus
Front 4th Ukrainian Front
Second World War German-Soviet War
Battle of Odessa
Battle for Sevastopol
Battle of the Crimea
commander
Important
commanders

Iwan Efimowitsch Petrow
Andrei Iwanowitsch Jerjomenko

The Independent Coastal Army ( Russian (Отдельная) Приморская армия ) was a major unit of the Red Army in World War II .

history

First lineup

The Coast Army was first set up on July 20, 1941. It emerged from the coastal group and was subordinate to the southern front . The army had its first test in the Battle of Odessa from the beginning of August to mid-October 1941, during which it defended Odessa against the Romanian 4th Army .

Outline in August 1941

  • 14th rifle corps with 25th, 51st and 150th rifle divisions
  • 1st Cavalry Division
  • 30th Rifle Division
  • 95th Rifle Division

On August 20, it was incorporated into the newly formed Odessa Defense District and placed directly under the Soviet High Command. It was renamed the Independent Coastal Army . When the danger of a German breakthrough into the Crimea arose in September 1941 , it was decided to withdraw the army from Odessa there. The evacuation was carried out from October 1st to 16th with the help of the Black Sea Fleet .

After heavy fighting against the German 11th Army in the northern part of the Crimea, the army withdrew to Sevastopol at the end of October . With that began the eight-month siege of Sevastopol . On November 4, 1941, the Sevastopol Defense Region (SOR) was founded, to which the coastal army was also subordinate until November 19.

  • At this time the command of the Coast Army was under the command of the 25th, 95th, 172nd and 421st Rifle Divisions, the 2nd, 40th and 42nd Cavalry Divisions and the 7th and 8th Marine Brigade. In addition, the independent 81st Tank Battalion and a number of other units took up the defense on the outskirts of Sevastopol.

Since November 20, the Sevastopol defense region has been under the operational control of the Transcaucasus Front , since December 30th that of the Caucasus Front and since January 28, 1942 that of the Crimean Front .

Army organization on June 1, 1942

  • 25th, 95th, 109th, 172nd, 345th, 386th and 388th Rifle Divisions
  • 79th Marine Rifle Brigade
  • 7th and 8th Marine Brigade

On July 1, 1942, as a result of Operation Störfang , the German 11th Army began evacuating the heavily decimated coastal army to the Caucasus ; on July 7, it was disbanded and the units under its command were distributed to other armies.

Second lineup

The Independent Coastal Army was set up again on November 20, 1943 from the previous front command of the North Caucasus Front and the units of the 56th Army , which had landed on the Kerch peninsula during the Kerch-Eltigen operation .

Army organization on December 31, 1943

  • 3rd Mountain Rifle Corps (128th Guards Rifle Division, 242nd Mountain Rifle Division, 414th Rifle Division)
  • 11th Guards Rifle Corps (2nd, 32nd, 55th Guards Rifle Division, 83rd Marine Rifle Brigade)
  • 16th Rifle Corps (89th, 227th, 339th, 383rd Rifle Division)
  • 20th Rifle Corps (20th Mountain Rifle Division, 318th Rifle Division)
    • 9th Rifle Division
    • 255th Marine Rifle Brigade

From the end of November 1943 to January 1944, she carried out several companies to expand the bridgehead in the Crimea. Then the coastal army went on the defensive and prepared for the coming offensive operations. In April and May 1944, the army took part in the Soviet reconquest of Crimea together with troops from the 4th Ukrainian Front . She was involved in the retaking of Sevastopol and the fighting on Cape Chersonese in early May. She then remained stationed in the Crimea until the end of the war. At the end of July / beginning of August 1945 the Tauride Military District was formed from the Army High Command .

guide

Commander

Chiefs of Staff

  • Major General GD Schischenin (July - August 1941)
  • Colonel N. I. Krylov (August 1941 - July 1942)
  • Lieutenant General IA Laskin (November - December 1943)
  • Major General S. Je. Roshdestvensky (December 1943 - January 1944)
  • Major General PM Kotow-Legonkow (January - May 1944)
  • Lieutenant General SI Lyubarsky (May - November 1944)
  • Major General SS Jepanetschnikow (November 1944 - end of war)

Member of the Military Council

  • Division Commissioner FN Voronin (July - August 1941)
  • Brigade Commissioner MG Kuznetsov (August 1941 - July 1942)
  • Colonel Je. Ever. Malzew (November - December 1943)
  • Major General PM Solomko (December 1943 - end of war)

Web links