Siegfried Koller

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Siegfried Koller (born January 30, 1908 in Stettin ; † March 26, 1998 in Mainz ) was a German social medicine specialist .

Life

Koller received his doctorate in 1930 in Göttingen with Felix Bernstein Dr. phil. with the topic: "Statistical studies on the theory of blood groups and their application in court".

In 1931 he was employed by the “German Society for Cardiovascular Research” (“Kerckhoff Institute”; DGHKF), founded in Bad Nauheim in 1927, in order to run a statistical institute with a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation .

time of the nationalsocialism

Koller became a member of the NSDAP on May 1, 1933 , and he also joined the SA , the NS teachers 'association and the NS lecturers' association . After the head of the DGHKF Franz Gördel had to emigrate to the USA, Koller was a member of the institute's board.

On July 14, 1933, the law for the prevention of genetically ill offspring was passed as the legal basis for forced sterilization. At the University Institute for Hereditary and Racial Care in Gießen it was possible to provoke germ damage in rats by means of addictive drugs and to prove what the National Socialist regime should use as a scientific "basis" for the application of their law on forced sterilization to addicts. From 1934 onwards, Koller was committed to ensuring that the DGHKF financially supported the “Institute for Hereditary and Racial Care” in Giessen under the direction of Professor Heinrich Wilhelm Kranz .

Before 1936, Koller was awarded a doctorate with the subject “On the inheritance of schizophrenia ”. med. PhD. In 1936 he completed his habilitation in Giessen with his work The selection processes in the fight against hereditary diseases . In 1938 he published the book Erbmathematik together with the mathematician Harald Geppert . Theory of inheritance in the population and clan , in which, among other things, it was demanded to extend the " special treatment " for hereditary illnesses to those with hereditary problems such as those who are " unfit for community".

After Koller had become a lecturer in biostatistics in Gießen in 1939, he and the social medicine specialist Kranz wrote a multi-volume work on National Socialist social policy, which appeared from 1939 to 1941:

  • The "community incapable" - a contribution to the scientific and practical solution of the so-called " anti-social problem "
    • Part I - Kranz: Material overview and problem definition , Gießen 1939,
    • Part II - Kranz and Koller: Basis of inheritance statistics and evaluation , Gießen 1940,
    • Part III - Kranz: Proposal for a "law on the deprivation of völkisch rights of honor for the protection of the national community" , Gießen 1941, in: Series of publications by the Institute for Hereditary and Racial Care, Gießen, volume 2.

In conclusion, the authors demand:

“We now have the scientific knowledge that the unfit for community act out of inferior hereditary dispositions and pass these dispositions on to an at least average extent. [...] This danger has to be countered by depriving the people of honor. "

By these rights, Kranz and Koller understood “the rights to honor , to life and to work ”. The two social medics gave the appearance of scientific justification for crimes committed by the National Socialists, such as murder, forced sterilization, the ban on marriage and the forced dissolution of existing marriages.

In 1941, Koller became head of the newly founded Biostatistics Institute at the University of Berlin . As part of the reporting reform following the Führer's order of March 21, 1942, young social technicians like Koller and Mikat from the “Central Hospital Archives” group came to the Central Archives for Military Medicine . Appointed adjunct professor in 1944, Koller was a member of the scientific advisory board of the Plenipotentiary for Health Care, Karl Brandt .

After the end of the war

From 1945 to 1952 Koller was interned in the Brandenburg prison as a prisoner of the Soviet military administration . After his release, he moved to the Federal Republic, where he was head of the Department of Population and Culture Statistics at the Federal Statistical Office from 1953 to 1962 .

In 1956 he was appointed honorary professor and became head of the Institute for Data Processing and Medical Statistics at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , today's Institute for Medical Biometry , Epidemiology and Computer Science (IMBEI) . In 1957 he was also an honorary professor in Heidelberg .

Koller was a co-founder of the German Society for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (GMDS) and published the first standard work of medical informatics with Gustav Wagner at GMDS : Handbook of Medical Documentation and Data Processing. Koller's other fields of activity were the Commission for Medical Epidemiology and Social Medicine of the German Research Foundation , the Federal Health Council and the Advisory Board of the German Medical Association . As a member, he was a member of the German Society for Military Medicine and Military Pharmacy and the German Society for Population Science.

Koller retired on January 31, 1978. On May 17, 1982, Koller was awarded the Cross of Merit First Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in Wiesbaden .

Publications

  • Statistics of circulatory diseases . In: negotiations d. German Ges. F. Circulatory Research. Vol. 9, Dresden 1936
  • with Harald Geppert: Erbmathematik. Theory of inheritance in population and clan . Leipzig, 1938 (228 pages)
  • About the inheritance of schizophrenia . Magazine fd ges. Neurology Psychiatry. Vol. 164, no. 2 and 3, Berlin 1939 (medical dissertation)
  • with Heinrich Wilhelm Kranz: The incapable of community. A contribution to the scientific and practical solution of the so-called "anti-social problem" . Giessen, 1939–1941 (see above)
  • Graphic tables for evaluating statistical figures . Dresden 1943 (73 pages)
  • New graphic boards for evaluating statistical figures . Darmstadt, 1969 (167 pages)

literature

  • Götz Aly , Karl Heinz Roth : The complete recording: census, identification, weeding out under National Socialism. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2000, ISBN 3-596-14767-0 .
  • Sigrid Oehler-Klein (Ed.): The Medical Faculty of the University of Gießen during National Socialism and in the post-war period: people and institutions, upheavals and continuities . Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-515-09043-8

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945 . Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Second updated edition, Frankfurt am Main 2005, p. 329.
  2. ↑ Quoted from Aly / Roth p. 111.
  3. ↑ Newsletter of the German Society for Epidemiology 4/2006, therein p. 10ff. Obituary for Gustav Wagner, at www.dgepi.de (PDF) , accessed May 3, 2008
personal data
SURNAME Koller, Siegfried
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German social medicine practitioner
DATE OF BIRTH January 30, 1908
PLACE OF BIRTH Szczecin
DATE OF DEATH March 26, 1998
Place of death Mainz