Sigismund de Bosniacki
Sigismund (Zygmunt Grzymała) de Bosniacki (born March 29, 1837 in Krosno , † July 23, 1921 in San Giuliano Terme ) was a Polish doctor , botanist , geologist and paleontologist .
Life
Sigismund was born in Krosno as the son of the mayor Jan Bośniacki and his wife Franciszka. Janicka was born. He attended high school in Cracow and in 1856 he began studying medicine there at the Jagiellonian University , which he completed in 1862 with a doctorate. He then worked as a spa doctor. His first wife, Amalie, geb. Walter von Waltenau, supported him as much as possible. When he took part in the January uprising of 1863/1864, he was taken prisoner by Russia. With great effort, Amalie managed to save him from being transported to Siberia.
When one of the bathers, Countess Eliza Tuszowska , invited him to accompany her to Italy, he said yes. At the turn of the year 1873/74 he left for Tuscany with her. He bought the Monte delle Fate property between Asciano and San Giuliano Terme and had the Villa Belvedere (Villa Bosniacki) built there. Here he lived with Elżbieta, nee Rulikowska, whom he married after his first wife Amalie died, until her death in 1904. They and the "Cavaliere Sigismondo de Bosniaski", who died there in 1921, are buried in a crypt in the Camposanto Suburbano Pisano cemetery.
Career
De Bosniacki has loved nature since his youth. His first work dealt with mosses and peat in the Tatra , Pieninen and Beskydy regions . The choice of topic already gave an idea of where his main focus would be. In Bad Iwonicz, where he started to work as a bath doctor, he immediately began to search the nearby Carpathians for geological and paleontological features. His main interests belonged to the paleo-ichtyological finds and the ichtyofauna. As a nature lover, he wandered through many of the mountain regions of his homeland. On August 11, 1855, he (as one of the first mountaineers ever) climbed the Gerlachspitze together with Wojciech Grzegorzek . He also climbed other peaks of the High and Low Tatras, e.g. B. the Krivan and the Lomnitzer point .
From 1863 de Bosniacki was a member of the Vienna Zoological and Botanical Society . He spent the years 1869–70 in the capital of the empire when he was preparing his book Fish Fauna of the Carpathian Slate for printing. A small part of his collection (seven fossil fish from the Oligocene from Iwonicz-Zdrój , Poland and six fossil butterflies from the Miocene from Gabbro , Tuscany , Italy ) are in the Natural History Museum Vienna .
He also made a contribution to the health resort of Iwonicz, where he worked from 1865. He researched other mineral springs, and one of these springs was named "Zygmunt" after him.
In Pisa he cultivated his paleontological passion, as well as contacts with scientists from the Universities of Krakow and Pisa , in particular with Giuseppe Meneghini , professor of geology and mineralogy, and the Polish poet Teofil Lenartowicz . De Bosniacki was from 1875 to 1916 member of the Tuscan Society of Natural Sciences ( Società Toscana di Scienze Naturali ). On the occasion of the Geological Congress that took place in Lucca in 1895, De Bosniacki was able to present his huge paleontological collection to the public in the premises of the Casino delle Terme di San Giuliano. After his death, the Geological Museum of the University of Pisa bought his valuable collections of around 4,500 objects.
literature
- S. de Bosniacki: Fish fauna of the Carpathian slate (1869–70)
- Josef Armin Knapp (1843–1899): "The previously known plants of Galicia and Bukovina"
- Dr. H. Rebel: Fossil Lepidoptera from the Miocenformation of Gabbro, Vienna 1898
- Narebski Wojciech: Życie i działalność naukowa Zygmunta Bośniackiego w Polsce i we Włoszech - Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki 36/4, 57-64 1991 r.
- Vanessa Landi Degli'innocenti, Enrico Pandeli, Marta Mariotti Lippi & Elisabetta Cioppi: The Carboniferous-Permian succession of the Pisani Mountains (Tuscany, Italy): preliminary data from the De Stefani collection (Natural History Museum of Florence)
- Memories of Amalie de Bosniacki, b. Walter von Waltenau (Jana Kaufmann private archive, Wettswil / Zurich)
- Materiali preparatori per il 1 ° Rapporto sugli archivi storici delle università italiane, page 39
- Tatry Z-Ne.pl
- Palaeolithic Man and Terramara Settlements in Europe
- Villa Belvedere (Villa Bosniacki) in Monte delle Fate
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bosniacki, Sigismund de |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bośniacki, Zygmunt |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish doctor, botanist, geologist and paleontologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 29, 1837 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Krosno |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 23, 1921 |
| Place of death | San Giuliano Terme |