Sigtuna

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Sigtuna
Sigtuna coat of arms
Sweden Stockholm location map.svg
Sigtuna
Sigtuna
Localization of Stockholm in Sweden
State : Sweden
Province  (län): Stockholm County
Historical Province (landskap): Uppland
Municipality  : Sigtuna
Coordinates : 59 ° 37 ′  N , 17 ° 44 ′  E Coordinates: 59 ° 37 ′  N , 17 ° 44 ′  E
SCB code : 0300
Status: Crime scene
Residents : 9074 (December 31, 2015)
Area : 5.32 km²
Population density : 1706 inhabitants / km²
Postal code : 190 40 - 190 60
193 00 - 193 91
195 05 - 195 61
List of perpetrators in Stockholm County

Sigtuna is a city in the Swedish province of Stockholm County and the historic province of Uppland .

It is located about 50 kilometers northwest of Stockholm on Sigtunafjärden, a tributary of the Mälaren . Sigtuna belongs to the municipality of the same name , but is not its main town; Since the Swedish local government reform of 1971, this is Märsta, which is a few kilometers east of the more favorable location on the Stockholm – Sundsvall railway line and European route 4 ( Europaväg 4 ) and is now significantly larger .

history

Copper box with runic inscription from Sigtuna
The ruins of Sigtuna around 1700 (from Suecia antiqua et hodierna )

Sigtuna (originally also Sigituna , from sigi , 'victory', and Swedish -tuna as a plural term for an "important administrative center, important administrative center" from Old Norse do , "enclosed place, small fenced area") is still considered the oldest next to Lund existing city of Sweden. Excavations indicate that Sigtuna (or Sigituna or - as the 'settlement of the victorious' - “Segertuna”) was founded around 980 by King Erik Segersäll , known as the “Sieger” (Latin victor ). Under the first Christian king of Sweden Olof Skötkonung and his son Anund Jakob , the first Swedish coins were struck in Sigtuna between 995 and 1030. Sigtuna, which is mentioned not only on coins from the mint workshop of King Olof, but also on rune stones, was the focus of the growing central power at this time. In the middle of the 11th century, Sigtuna became a bishopric and the construction of a cathedral church began. Soon Sigtuna had seven churches, and in 1247 a Dominican monastery was consecrated in Sigtuna.

In the middle of the 12th century the bishopric was moved to Östra Aros ( Uppsala ), but Sigtuna remained an important city until the end of the 13th century. However, with the development of the cities of Uppsala and Stockholm, Sigtuna lost its importance in the late Middle Ages.

With the Reformation in the 16th century, the monastery was demolished and the churches - except for one - left to decay. Sigtuna stagnated, the population decreased and the churches fell into disrepair. In the 19th century, Sigtuna was described in literature as a small, god-forgotten place with romantic, overgrown ruins.

It wasn't until the beginning of the 20th century that things changed. Sigtuna became a school and conference town after a number of schools and state training centers were relocated here. The tourists also discovered the town. The construction of the nearby Stockholm / Arlanda Airport contributed to the economic upturn.

Cityscape

Sigtuna has retained the character of an idyllic turn-of- the- century garden city . The center is built up with small wooden residential and commercial buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries. To the west of the city center are some educational institutions in the classicist style of the 1920s.

Attractions

  • The main street in the city center (Stora Gatan) has numerous brightly painted wooden houses from the 18th and 19th centuries
  • The Sigtuna Museum preserves and displays valuable medieval finds from Sweden's history. Its creation goes back to a foundation established in 1916.
  • There are more than a dozen rune stones and fragments in the urban area .
  • The Marienkirche from the 13th century as an early example of the brick Gothic in the region
  • The high medieval church ruins of St. Olof, St. Lars and St. Per

Personalities

gallery

  • Sigtuna Town Hall

  • The Marienkirche as an example of brick Gothic

  • The Stora Gatan

  • Runestone in Sigtuna

Web links

Commons : Sigtuna  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Statistiska centralbyrån : Land area per Tatort, folkmängd and invånare per square kilometer. Vart femte år 1960 - 2015 (database query)
  2. ^ Karl Holmberg: De svenska tuna-namnen. Dissertation Uppsala 1949 (= Acta Academicae Regiae Gustavi Adolphi XLV. Studier till en svensk ortnamnsatlas. Volume 12).
  3. ^ Ernst Förstemann : Old German name book . 2 volumes (I: personal names; II: place and other geographical names) 1856/59 (volume 1. Personal names : partly online ); Volume II in the 3rd edition in two volumes, ed. by Hermann Jellinghaus , Bonn 1913/16; New printing Munich and Hildesheim 1966–1967, Col. 1457 f .; and supplementary volume , ed. by Henning Kaufmann, Wilhelm Fink, Munich / Olms, Hildesheim 1968, column 1477 and (on “Sifrid” / “Sig [i] frid”) p. 312.
  4. ↑ Thorsten Andersson : Tuna problem. In: Namn och Bygd. Volume 56, 1968, pp. 89-124.
  5. ↑ Erik Flodérus: Sigtuna. Sveriges äldsta medeltidstad. Stockholm 1941.
  6. ↑ Hans Jeske: Sigtuna: Ett ortnamm - försök till dess tolkning. In: Medical historical messages. Journal for the history of science and specialist prose research. Volume 34, 2015, pp. 97-103 (English and German summary: pp. 101 f.)
  7. ^ Brita Malmer : The Sigtuna coinage c.995-1005. In: Commentationes de nummis saeculorum IX-XI in Suecia repertis. New episode. Volume 4, London 1989; Brita Malmer: Sigtunamyntningen som källa till Sveriges kristnande. In: Bertil Nilsson (ed.): Kristnandet i Sverige. Gamla källor och nya perspective. Uppsala 1996, pp. 85-113.
  8. ^ Sven Jansson: Runes in Sweden. Stockholm 1987, p. 118.