Simonida
| Simonida | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Royal wife of Serbia | |||
| Term of office | 1299-1321 | ||
| Born | 1294 Constantinople , Byzantine Empire |
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| Died | after 1345 Constantinople |
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| Spouse | Stefan Uroš II Milutin | ||
| dynasty |
Nemanjić (by marriage) palaeologists |
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| father | Andronikos II. Palaiologos | ||
| mother | Yolande from Montferrat | ||
| progeny | no | ||
Simonida Nemanjić ( Serbian - Cyrillic Симонида Немањић , née Simonis Palaiologina; * 1294 in Constantinople , † 1340 ) was a Byzantine princess and the fifth and last wife of the Serbian king of Raszien , the coastal lands and all Serbs , Stefan Milutinš II .
Life
Simonida was the only daughter of the Byzantine emperor Andronikos II. Palaiologos from his 2nd marriage to Yolande (Irene) von Montferrat , daughter of Margrave Wilhelm IX.
As Stefan Uroš II Milutin. In 1282, shortly after his accession to the throne, Charles of Anjou had promised support, allied himself with Epirus and declared war on the Byzantine Empire, he wrested the strategic base of Skopje , the road south to Thessaloniki and northern Greece, which the Emperor Andronikos , from the Bulgarians with his armed forces II., Who clearly recognized the military weakness on the Byzantine side, worried. In 1297 he decided on a diplomatic solution and proposed his sister Eudokia, the widow of John II of Trebizond to the widowed Milutin, who , however, wanted absolutely nothing to do with the matter. So the five-year-old Simonide had to be sacrificed.
At Easter 1299 Andronikos personally brought his daughter to Thessaloniki, where the bridegroom was waiting for her. The wedding was carried out by Archbishop Makarius I of Ohrid . It is reported that Milutin's delight in Simonis was primarily based on the fact that she brought in as a dowry the entire Byzantine territory in Macedonia that his associations had already conquered. The southern border of the Serbian kingdom was now north of the line from Ohrid - Prilep - Veles - Štip . Milutin recognized the established borders and relations between Serbia and Constantinople were friendly and fruitful until his death in 1321. Both sides benefited from the diplomatic marriage. Constantinople was freed from the fear that Thessaloniki might fall to the Serbs and Serbia enriched itself with Byzantine civilization, manners and art.
Simonis was to remain in the royal Serbian nursery for a few more years until she was old enough to live with him. According to some Byzantine sources, Milutin is said not to have waited for Simonida's maturity.
When Milutin died on October 19, 1321, Simonida returned to her homeland, where she entered the monastery of St. Andrew in Krisei as a nun . She died after 1345.
Simonida was known for her beauty and is depicted to this day in a fresco in the Gračanica Monastery . Simonida died as a nun in 1340. In the Serbian tradition, Simonida is passed down as a figure of purity and beauty.
family tree
Andronikos Palaiologos Theodora Komnene Palaiologina │ │ │ │Johannes Dukas Batatzes Eudokia Angelina Bonifatius II. Margarete von Savoyen —————————————— │ │ │ │ —————————————— —————————————— │ │ │ │ Michael VIII. Palaiologos Theodora Doukaina Vatatzina Wilhelm VII. (Montferrat) Beatrix von Kastilien │ │ │ │ —————————————— ——————————————— │ │ Andronikos II. Palaiologos Yolande von Montferrat │ │ ————————————————————————————————— │ Simonida
See also
literature
- Ralph-Johannes Lilie : Byzantium - The second Rome . Siedler, Berlin 2003, p. 480 f .
- John Julius Norwich : Byzantium; The rise of the Eastern Roman Empire . tape III . Econ Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf and Munich 1993, p. 302, 317, 323 .
- Pavel Jozef Šafárik : History of South Slavic literature from his handwritten estate . Friedrich Tempsky, Prague 1865, p. 22, 58, 66 ( archive.org ).
Web links
- Simonis Palaiologina of Byzantium, Queen of Serbia. Retrieved May 4, 2018 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Donald M. Nicol: The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261-1453 . University Press, Cambridge 1993, ISBN 0-521-43991-4 , pp. 119 (English, online version in the Google book search).
- ↑ The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261-1453, p. 120
- ↑ Miloš Blagojević: Србија у доба Немањића: O д кнежевине до царства 1168-1371 (Serbia in the Age of Nemanjić: From Principality to Empire 1168-1371) . Wajat, Belgrade 1989, p. 109 (Serbian).
- ↑ The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261-1453, pp. 120 f.
- ↑ Marko Lopušina: Simonida Nemanjić, najmlađa srpska kraljica (Simonida Nemanjic, the youngest Serbian queen). Retrieved May 5, 2018 (Serbian).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Simonida |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Simonida Nemanjić; Симонида Немањић (Serbian); Simonis Palaiologina (maiden name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | fifth and last wife of the king of Raszien, Stefan Uroš II. Milutin |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1294 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Constantinople |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1340 |
| Place of death | Constantinople |