Sokolov dwarf hamsters

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Sokolov dwarf hamsters
Systematics
Subordination : Mouse relatives (Myomorpha)
Superfamily : Mice-like (Muroidea)
Family : Burrowers (Cricetidae)
Subfamily : Hamster (Cricetinae)
Genre : Gray hamster ( Cricetulus )
Type : Sokolov dwarf hamsters
Scientific name
Cricetulus sokolovi
Orlov & Malygin , 1988

The Sokolow dwarf hamster ( Cricetulus sokolovi ) is a type of hamster belonging to the gray dwarf hamster and probably closely related to the Daurian dwarf hamster . It inhabits shrubby sandy areas in Mongolia and neighboring China and is 9.5 to 14.6 centimeters long including the tail.

Body features

The head-trunk length of the Sokolow dwarf hamster is 77 to 114 millimeters, the tail length 18 to 32 millimeters, the hind foot length 13 to 18 millimeters, the ear length 13 to 19 millimeters and the largest skull length 23 to 26 millimeters.

The fur on the upper side is gray with a brown-yellow or walnut-colored shade . It is lighter than that of the Transbaikal dwarf hamster . An eel line runs from the neck to the base of the tail , which is most distinctive in young hamsters and gradually fades to a shadow in older hamsters. The fur on the underside is light gray and clearly differentiated in color from that of the upper side. The auricles are the same color as the top, but with a dark brown spot in the middle. The upper side of the tail has a similar color, the lower side it is lighter, but without sharp color separation. The paws are white and not flat as the toes tend to curl up.

Karyotype
2n = 20 NF = 36 NF a = 32

The chromosome number is 20 and the total arm number of autosomes is 32. The X chromosome and Y chromosome are submetacentric and the total arm number of chromosomes is 36. According to Romanenko and co-workers, the karyotype of the Sokolov dwarf hamster differs from the assumed original karyotype by a chromosome split and four chromosome mergers the Cricetus group .

The Sokolow dwarf hamster differs from the long-tailed dwarf hamster , the Tibetan dwarf hamster and the gray dwarf hamster by its shorter tail, which is usually less than three centimeters. It has this feature in common with the Daurian dwarf hamster, but differs from it in the gray auricles with the dark brown spot in the middle.

Way of life, distribution and existence

Sokolow dwarf hamster (China)
Location dot dark red.svg
Small-city-symbol.svg
Small-city-symbol.svg
Locations of the Sokolow dwarf hamster:
  • red: location of the type specimen
  • black: other locations in China
Other sites in Mongolia are not shown.

The habitat of the Sokolow dwarf hamster are shrubby sandy areas . Its self- dug burrows are usually under desert bushes. The reproduction begins in mid-May and three to four annually throws with four to nine pups per litter given birth.

The distribution area of the Sokolow dwarf hamster is the Valley of the Lakes , the Great Depression , the Alashan Gobi , the North Gobi and the East Gobi in the west and south of Mongolia and the center of Inner Mongolia in China. The International Union for Conservation of Nature IUCN classifies it as not endangered worldwide . Insufficient data is available for the Red Lists of Mongolia and China.

Nomenclature and systematics

The type specimen of the Sokolow dwarf hamster comes from the southwest coast of Lake Orog . Named after Vladimir Jewgenjewitsch Sokolow , it was in 1988 by Viktor Nikolayevich Orlov and Vasily Mikhailovich Malygin as Cricetulus Sokolovi described .

The known specimens were initially assigned to the Gobi dwarf hamster (Orlow and colleagues, 1978; Sokolow and Orlow, 1980; Král and colleagues, 1984). Due to the distinctive features of the chromosomes and the fur of the specimens, this was then listed in systematics as an independent species of the gray dwarf hamster (Honacki and co-workers, 1982; Corbet and Hill, 1986; Corbet and Hill, 1991; Nowak, 1991). In more recent systematics, however, the Sokolow dwarf hamster is listed as an independent species (Musser and Carleton, 1993; Nowak, 1999; Pawlinow, 2003; Musser and Carleton, 2005; Smith and Hoffmann, 2008). It is combined with the Daurian dwarf hamster and the long-tailed dwarf hamster in the subgenus Cricetulus (Pawlinow, 2003) or with the Daurian dwarf hamster in the Cricetulus barabensis group (Neumann and coworkers, 2006; Lebedew and Lissowski, 2008).

Morphological studies of the skull confirm the status as a sister species of the Daurian dwarf hamster. Cytogenetic studies using Giemsa banding , on the other hand, suggest a closer relationship with the medium-sized dwarf hamsters .

literature

Further reading:

  • Viktor Nikolajewitsch Orlow, Wassili Michailowitsch Malygin: [A new species of hamsters - Cricetulus sokolovi sp. n. (Rodentia, Cricetidae) from People's Republic of Mongolia] . In: Soologitscheski schurnal . tape 67 , no. 2 , 1988, ISSN  0044-5134 , pp. 304–308 (English, Russian: Новый вид хомячков - Cricetulus sokolovi sp. N. (Rodentia, Cricetidae) из Монгольской Народной Республики . Abstract).

Mainly used literature:

  • James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman, James W. Koeppl (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World . A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . Allen Press / Association of Systematics Collections, Lawrence (Kansas) 1982, ISBN 0-942924-00-2 (English, 694 pages).
  • Guy G. Musser, Michael D. Carleton: Superfamily Muroidea . In: Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World . A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . 3. Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 , pp. 894–1531 (English, full text of the collective work ).
  • Andrew T. Smith, Robert S. Hoffmann: Subfamily Cricetinae . In: Andrew T. Smith, Xie Yan (Eds.): A Guide to the Mammals of China . Princeton University Press, Princeton / Oxford 2008, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 , pp. 239-247 (English).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Smith and Hoffmann, 2008 (p. 242, p. 244).
  2. ↑ a b c Swetlana Anatoljewna Romanenko, Vitaly T. Volobouev, Polina Lwowna Perelman, Wladimir Swjatoslawowitsch Lebedew, Natalija A. Serdyukowa, Vladimir Alexandrovich Trifonow, Larissa Semenovna Biltuijewa, Malissa, Nie Wen-Hui, Patricia Bulatoslawowien. Nina Schamilowa Andrew Ferguson-Smith, Yang Feng-Tang, Alexander Sergejewitsch Grafodatski: Karyotype evolution and phylogenetic relationships of hamsters (Cricetidae, Muroidea, Rodentia) inferred from chromosomal painting and banding comparison . In: Chromosome Research . tape 15 , no. 3 , 2007, ISSN  0967-3849 , p. 283–297 , 284, 287, Fig. 6 , doi : 10.1007 / s10577-007-1124-3 (English).
  3. ↑ a b Viktor Nikolajewitsch Orlow, Sevili Ibragimowne Radschabli, Wassili Michailowitsch Malygin, N. Chotolchu, Ju. M. Kowalskaja, Nina Shamiljewna Bulatowa, MI Baskewitsch: [Karyotypes of the mammals of Mongolia] . In: [Geography and dynamics of the flora and fauna of the MVR] . Publishing House of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, Moscow 1978, p. 149–164 (Russian original title of the work: Кариотипы мелкопитающих Монголии, Russian original title of the anthology: География и динамика растительног растительног Растительного итж) во. Quoted in: Diploid numbers of Mammalia . (English, bionet.nsc.ru ).
  4. ↑ a b c Orlow and Malygin, 1988. Quoted in: Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1043.
  5. ↑ a b Mongolian Red List of Mammals . In: Emma L. Clark, Munkhbat Javzansuren, Dulamtseren Sanduin, Jonathan EM Baillie, Batsaikhan Nyamdash, Samiya R., Michael Stubbe (Eds.): Regional Red List Series . tape 1 . Zoological Society of London, 2006, ISSN  1751-0031 , pp. 49 (English, 159 pp., Full text [PDF; 16.1 MB ]). Full text ( memento of the original dated February 9, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / regionalredlist.com
  6. ↑ a b Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1043.
  7. ↑ Jonathan EM Baillie: Cricetulus sokolovi . In: IUCN 2007 (Ed.): 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 1996 (English).
  8. ↑ Wang Sung, Xie Yan (Eds.): [China Species Red List. Volume 1: Red List] . Higher Education Press, Beijing 2004 (Chinese). Quoted in: Smith and Hoffmann, 2008, p. 244.
  9. ↑ Wladimir Evgenjewitsch Sokolow, Viktor Nikolajewitsch Orlow: [Determination of the mammals of the Mongolian People's Republic] . Publishing House of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, Moscow 1980, p. 123 (351 p., Russian: Определитель млекопитающих Монгольской Народной Республики .). Quoted in: Honacki et al., 1982, p. 406.
  10. ↑ B. Král, Sewili Ibragimowne Radschabli, Alexander Sergeyevich Grafodatski, Viktor Nikolayevich Orlov: Comparison of karyotypes, G-bands, NORs in three Cricetulus spp. (Cricetidae, Rodentia) . In: Folia Zoologica . tape 33 , 1984, ISSN  0139-7893 , pp. 85-96 (English).
  11. ↑ Wassili Michailowitsch Malygin, NW Starzew, Jan Zima: [Karyotypes and distribution of the striped hamsters of the barabensis group (Rodentia, Cricetidae)] . In: Westnik Moskowskowo uniwersiteta. Seria 16: Biology . tape 2 , 1992, ISSN  0137-0952 , pp. 32–39 (Russian: Кариотипы и распространение видов хомячков из группы barabensis (Rodentia, Cricetidae) .). Quoted in: Musser and Carleton, 2005, p. 1043.
  12. ^ Honacki et al., 1982, p. 406.
  13. ^ Gordon Barclay Corbet, John Edwards Hill: A World List of Mammalian Species . 2nd Edition. Facts on File Publications / British Museum (Natural History), New York / London 1986, ISBN 0-8160-1548-1 , pp. 175 (English, 254 pages, also as ISBN 0-565-00988-5 ).
  14. ^ Gordon Barclay Corbet, John Edwards Hill: A World List of Mammalian Species . 3. Edition. Natural History Museum Publications / Oxford University Press, London / New York 1991, ISBN 0-19-854017-5 , pp. 165 (English, 243 pp.).
  15. ↑ Ronald M. Nowak: Walker's Mammals of the World . 5th edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore / London 1991, ISBN 0-8018-2525-3 , pp. 705 (English, 1630 pp.).
  16. ↑ Guy G. Musser, Michael D. Carleton: Family Muridae . In: Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Eds.): Mammal Species of the World . A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference . 2nd Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington 1993, ISBN 1-56098-217-9 , pp. 501-755 , here p. 538 (English).
  17. ↑ Ronald M. Nowak: Walker's Mammals of the World . 6th edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore / London 1999, ISBN 0-8018-5789-9 , pp. 1421 (English, 1936 pp.).
  18. ↑ a b Igor Yakovlevich Pawlinow: [systematics of Recent mammals] . Publishing house of the Moscow State University, Moscow 2003 (297 pages, full text - Russian: Систематика современных млекопитающих .).
  19. ↑ Karsten Neumann, Johan Michaux, Wladimir S. Lebedew, Nuri Yigit, Ercüment Çolak, Natalja W. Iwanowa, Andrei B. Poltoraus, Alexei Surow, Georgi Markow, Steffen Maak, Sabine Neumann, Rolf Gattermann: Molecular phylogeny of the Cricetinae subfamily based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b and 12S rRNA genes and the nuclear vWF gene . In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . tape 39 , no. 1 , 2006, ISSN  1055-7903 , p. 135–148 , doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2006.01.010 (English).
  20. ^ A b Wladimir Swjatoslawowitsch Lebedew, Andrei Alexandrowitsch Lissowski : [Geographical variability of the skull dimensions and the taxonomy of the dwarf hamsters of the Cricetulus barabensis group (Rodentia, Cricetidae)] . In: Soologitscheski schurnal . tape 87 , no. 3 , 2008, ISSN  0044-5134 , p. 361-374 ( Abstract - Russian: Географическая изменчивость метрических признаков черепа и таксономическая структура хомячков Cricetulus группы barabensis (Rodentia, Cricetidae) . English - Full Text rights.).