St. Agatha (Aschaffenburg)
St. Agatha is a Catholic parish church in Aschaffenburg , the origin of which goes back to the time 1168/1171.
history
The time of 1168/1171 is assumed to be the founding year of the parish; it was first mentioned in a document by Pope Lucius III. 1184 as parrochiam extra muros civitatis vestre , as a "parish outside the walls" . The oldest stone evidence is dated to "around the middle of the 12th century" . In the second half of the 14th century, side aisles were added and the central nave was raised. An Anna chapel was built in the Agatha churchyard (cemetery) surrounding the church. In the 15./16. In the 19th century, the surrounding walls (choir, nave and tower) were increased overall. Small extensions were made repeatedly until the 19th century, until the cemetery was closed in 1811. At the end of the 19th century, the baroque interior was removed and renewed in the neo-Gothic style.
In 1903, the St. Anne's Chapel and ossuary were demolished and the decision was made to enlarge the church due to the increase in population. The existing church was to be incorporated into the new church as a kind of atrium . With the dimensions 65 × 23 m, it would have been the largest church in Aschaffenburg. The outbreak of World War I prevented the planning from being carried out. In 1934, under the direction of Professor Albert Boßlet, a few more modifications were made. In 1942 they celebrated "800 years of St. Agatha", the anniversary probably went back to documents from local researcher Martin Balduin Kittel, who did not cite any sources in his collection of notes. (There are still documents about the anniversary celebrations in the parish archive). Explosive bombs on November 21, 1944 destroyed the windows, the wooden ceiling and the southern part of the nave (large cracks in the wall). Artillery fire on March 31, 1945 completely burned the church down.
Reconstruction after 1945
Professor Boßlet and government builder Erwin van Aaken were commissioned with the reconstruction . The ruins were demolished in August 1948. The tower was also demolished, as it turned out that its foundation, consisting of loosely stacked stones, had not proven to be stable . The cornice on the bell storey as well as the sound openings with columns and capitals were reconstructed and installed according to the old work pieces. The church was completed on November 1, 1949 and was re-consecrated by Julius Döpfner, Bishop of Würzburg .
Most of the epitaphs could be saved. When constructing two were under the church floor True - Ingelheim -Grabsteine found from the Baroque period and embedded in the outer wall. The planned re-erection of the Mount of Olives Chapel was abandoned because the entire facade had to be rebuilt. As early as 1953, cracks appeared in the new tower below the belfry . The bell had to be stopped. In 1962, according to a design by the Würzburg architect Gustav Heinzmann, the facade was pulled forward by 6 m. In the newly built, modern tower there is now a baptistery and on the south side a Lady Chapel, in which Our Lady of Fátima is venerated.
On May 16, 1963, a 4 m high and 12 t heavy sandstone figure (St. Agatha), designed by Julius Bausenwein and made by the Würzburg sculptors Ernst Singer and Willi Grimm, was installed above the portal .
After the last renovation in 1987, the church has a simple sacrificial table made of red sandstone in the crossing, on the left in front of it an ambo and on the right behind the priest's seat (Sedilien). The former high altar is now in the left aisle, in its place in the choir a sacrament house (gilded tabernacle in a sandstone housing). The five Gothic choir windows have been artistically redesigned. A white folding ceiling was drawn in over the chancel and a large altar cross was suspended below it. The cross with the dimensions 280 × 220 cm is a joint work of the sculptor Tilmar Hornung from Bergtheim and the goldsmith Markus Engert from Würzburg. It represents Christ, the exalted, already released from the cross. The enamel squares at the ends of the cross bars contain the symbols for the four evangelists: Matthew (winged man), Mark (lion), Luke (bull) and John (eagle) . In the right side aisle is the "baker's altar" (guild altar of the Aschaffenburg bakers' guild), carved in 1950 by the Aschaffenburg artist Kathi Hock from the wood of a Spessart oak. The lower part of the altar shows, from left to right, the guild coat of arms, the peasant scene sowing and harvesting the grain and the coat of arms of the city of Aschaffenburg. In the upper fields in the middle Christ seated, on the left the feeding with manna and on the right the multiplication of bread. On the side the figure of St. Anthony of Padua with baby Jesus and St. Klemens Maria Hofbauer , who was a baker before his appointment to the priesthood. On the base the words: THE BREAD WE PREPARE + GIVE THE LORD TO US ALL THE TIMES - This altar was donated to * GOD'S HONOR * by the bakers' guild of Aschaffenburg Stadt, Land, Alzenau and Obernburg . The baptismal font has now been moved to the crossing and the baptistery has been draped with a red curtain.
organ
In 1962 the organ building company Gustav Weiß from Zellingen received the order to build a new organ. The 39 sounding registers were completed in two sections at the end of 1964. The keyboards in the gaming table are covered with elfenite and ebony. The inauguration was on Epiphany January 6, 1965. The instrument has the following disposition :
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- Coupling : II / I, II / I (Sub), III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Playing aids : 2 free combinations, tutti, crescendo roller
Bells
Four bells have been ringing in the newly built tower of St. Agatha since April 26, 1964. The Trinity bell , 1075 kg, was removed during the war and taken to the bell cemetery in Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg. However, it was not melted down, but returned in 1947. In 1956, three new bells were cast in the FW Schilling bell foundry in Heidelberg: “St. Agatha " 720 kg, key of f, " Maria " 1100 kg, key of g and " Josef " 520 kg, key of a.
literature
- The parish of St. Agatha in Aschaffenburg - edited by Carsten Pollnick with contributions a. a. Alois Grimm, Hermann Fischer, Werner Krämer Aschaffenburg 1992
Web links
- St. Agatha in the parish community of St. Martin Aschaffenburg
- Bells ringing St. Agatha - Plenary video
Individual evidence
- ^ Felix Mader The Art Monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria Lower Franconia XIX City of Aschaffenburg , Munich 1918
- ↑ Martin Balduin Kittel, records
- ↑ Alois Grimm: Aschaffenburg house book . Volume V: … Treibgasse and Agathaplatz,… edited by Monika Ebert and Ernst Holleber. History and Art Association V., Aschaffenburg 2001, ISBN 3-87965-084-5 .
- ↑ Alois Stadtmüller - Aschaffenburg in World War II - bombing raids, siege, handover of publications by the History and Art Association Aschaffenburg iK Paul Pattloch Verlag Aschaffenburg 1970
- ↑ Alois Grimm: Contribution to the building history of the parish church St. Agatha in Aschaffenburg see literature
- ^ Franz Bayer - The fate of the Aschaffenburg monuments in World War II and their current condition , Aschaffenburger Jahrbuch 1 Published by the History and Art Association Aschaffenburg iK Paul Pattloch Verlag Aschaffenburg 1952
- ↑ This light-resistant material was in even before the First World War by the company. Eduard Sippach Eisenberg developed
- ↑ Hermann Fischer: Organ chronicle of the parish church of St. Agatha Aschaffenburg see Literature
- ↑ Werner Krämer: The bells of St. Agatha Church see literature
Coordinates: 49 ° 58 ′ 38.3 " N , 9 ° 8 ′ 35" E