St. Johannis (Neubrandenburg)

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St. Johannis, east facade, view from Stargarder Straße (2009)
Vaults, buttresses and chandeliers

The Church of St. Johannis has been the main church of the congregation of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Mecklenburg in Neubrandenburg since 1945 . It was built in the 14th century as the monastery church of the Neubrandenburg Franciscan monastery .

history

Together with the Franciscan monastery, a mendicant order church made of field stones was built around 1260 . The construction of today's two-aisled church building made of brick with a main nave and a lower northern nave began around 1300 with the construction of the high-Gothic choir head with 5/8 end and is possibly due to the initiative of Prince Heinrich II of Mecklenburg ; the further reconstruction of the church in sections with today's nave and the three-bay choir is expected around 1330-1340. At 17 meters to the eaves, the choir was significantly higher than the nave and was one of the most important regional choir architectures. Around 1455 the opening at the end of the choir was narrowed by a reinforced triumphal arch wall and a slender roof turret was added to the church .

In the course of the Reformation in Mecklenburg , the monastery church was used as a Protestant church from 1535. The Franciscans were prohibited from celebrating Holy Mass in their monastery church, so they secretly celebrated worship in their convent buildings until the monastery was finally closed in 1552 . The city of Neubrandenburg received church patronage over the Johanneskirche in 1567 .

A city fire in 1614 caused severe damage to the eastern part. Because no money was available for the reconstruction, the eastern part was separated by a wall and from 1803 used as a municipal granary.

John's Church around 1843

Since the 18th century, the magistrate tried to establish and upgrade the Johanniskirche as a council church. The craft offices (guilds) were asked to move their representative guild candlesticks from St. Marien to St. Johannis, which they did.

In 1863, the city wall north of the monastery was broken through to extend what is now Stargarder Strasse in the direction of the train station. For this, part of the long choir had to be demolished. After the partition wall to the warehouse collapsed on July 30, 1887, a restoration took place from 1891 to 1894, during which the eastern part was shortened again. A massive roof turret on the east gable of the nave was removed, and a wooden tab was erected in the middle of the roof. The neo-Gothic remodeling of the church was based on the Chorin monastery .

After the destruction of the Marienkirche in the great city fire in 1945, the Johanniskirche became the main church in Neubrandenburg. Extensive renovation work was carried out from 1976 to 1980. During the peaceful revolution , prayers for peace were held in the church in autumn 1989; it was the starting point for demonstrations.

The Evangelical Lutheran parish of St. Johannis is the largest parish in Mecklenburg with around 3300 members. It belongs to the Neustrelitz Propstei in the Mecklenburg parish of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany (Northern Church) .

description

The Johanniskirche is a two-aisled hall church built in the brick Gothic style with six bays. In the north wall there are still parts of the previous building, which was built with processed field stones. The north aisle is significantly narrower than the main nave. Both have ribbed vaults with plant motifs in the spandrels. An originally planned southern ship had to be dispensed with, probably because of the cramped spatial conditions or because of the lack of funding by Prince Heinrich II, who died in 1329.

The box choir, which is now rectangular and one yoke deep, has large stained glass windows as well as wall and ceiling paintings.

The baroque choir altar contains several paintings with depictions of Jesus Christ in the period from the Last Supper to the Crucifixion and the Resurrection .

The pulpit, decorated with alabaster reliefs, dates from the 16th century. A painting on the south wall shows Martin Luther with a swan .

In the side aisle there is a winged altar with Gothic carving from around 1500, which comes from the St. George's Chapel . In the middle part there is a depiction of the crucifixion and four images of saints. The four evangelists are depicted in the paintings on the side wings.

  • Ceiling view

  • Baroque altar

  • West gable

  • West portal

  • Leaded glass window

  • Top view from the HKB tower (in front on the left the police building on Stargarder Strasse)

organ

An organ built by Wilhelm Sauer in 1894 was removed in 1969. Since 1990 the church has had a Schuke organ with 31 stops, divided into two manuals and a pedal.

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Drone 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Reed flute 8th'
4th Viol 8th'
5. octave 4 ′
6th Pointed flute 4 ′
7th Hollow fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
8th. Gemshorn 2 ′
9. Mixture V
10. Cymbel III
11. Trumpet 8th'
II Swell C – g 3
12. Wooden dacked 8th'
13. Quintadena 8th'
14th Principal 4 ′
15th recorder 4 ′
16. octave 2 ′
17th Forest flute 2 ′
18th third 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
19th Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
20th Sif flute 1'
21st Scharff IV-V
22nd Dulcian shelf 16 ′
23. shawm 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – g 3
24. Principal bass 16 ′
25th Sub bass 16 ′
26th Octave bass 8th'
27. Covered bass 8th'
28. Flute bass 4 ′
29 Back set IV
31. trombone 16 ′
32. Trumpet 8th'

literature

  • St. John's Church: building history, altar back wall, pulpit, tombstones, candlesticks, small works of art, epitaph, bells. In: Art and History Monuments of the Free State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Vol. 1, Section 3: The Land of Stargard (3). Brünslow, Neubrandenburg 1929, pp. N47-N63.
  • K. Schäfer, H. Hartung: The restoration of the Johanniskirche in Neubrandenburg. Zschr. F. Bauwesen XLVI [Berlin 1896], pp. 3-6. Quoted in Germania Sacra , Chapter 12: The Franciscan Monastery of Neubrandenburg
  • Volker Schmidt: Neubrandenburg. A historical guide. Hinstorff, Rostock 1997, ISBN 3-356-00726-2 , p. 69.
  • Ingo Ulpts-Stöckmann, Jens Christian Holst, Rainer Szczesiak: Neubrandenburg: Monastery of S. Johannes (Ordo Fratrum Minorum / Franciscan). In: Wolfgang Huschner , Ernst Münch , Cornelia Neustadt, Wolfgang Eric Wagner: Mecklenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, monasteries, coming and priories (10th / 11th - 16th centuries). Volume I., Rostock 2016, ISBN 978-3-356-01514-0 , pp. 580-615.

Web links

Commons : St. Johanneskirche (Neubrandenburg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jens Christian Holst: Monastery of S. Johannes (Ordo Fratrum Minorum / Franziskaner). 7. History of architecture and art. In: Wolfgang Huschner, Ernst Münch, Cornelia Neustadt, Wolfgang Eric Wagner: Mecklenburg monastery book. Volume I., Rostock 2016, pp. 580–615, here pp. 593-607
  2. ^ A b c Franciscan monastery, Neubrandenburg (Germany). In: Brick Gothic Heritage. Retrieved November 4, 2010 .
  3. ^ Ingo Ulpts: The mendicant orders in Mecklenburg. Werl 1995, p. 385ff. Ingo Ulpts-Stockmann: Monastery of S. Johannes (Ordo Fratrum Minorum / Franciscan). 2nd story. In: Wolfgang Huschner, Ernst Münch, Cornelia Neustadt, Wolfgang Eric Wagner: Mecklenburg monastery book. Volume I., Rostock 2016, pp. 580–615, here p. 583.
  4. ↑ As a result, the guild candlesticks were preserved during the great city fire and the destruction of St. Marien in 1945 and are still there today in St. Johannis.
  5. ^ Propstei Neubrandenburg: Historie St. Johannis ( Memento from 7 November 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ^ Jens Christian Holst: Monastery of S. Johannes (Ordo Fratrum Minorum / Franziskaner). 7. History of architecture and art. In: Wolfgang Huschner, Ernst Münch, Cornelia Neustadt, Wolfgang Eric Wagner: Mecklenburg monastery book. Volume I., Rostock 2016, pp. 580–615, here p. 593.607.
  7. ↑ Information on the organ

Coordinates: 53 ° 33 ′ 34.5 "  N , 13 ° 15 ′ 38.2"  E