St. Markus (Hamburg-Hoheluft)
The Evangelical Church of St. Markus in Hamburg-Hoheluft-Ost is a church building dedicated to the Evangelist Markus between Heider Straße , Neumünsterscher Straße and Eppendorfer Weg . It connects the remains of a neo-Gothic church with an emergency church designed by the architect Otto Bartning .
Building the church
Neo-Gothic district church
At the end of the 19th century, Hoheluft belonged to the parish of Eppendorf , which became increasingly impractical due to the large increase in population during this time. Since 1892 there was therefore an initiative of the residents in Hoheluft, which campaigned for their own parish. This initiative was so successful in 1894 that the architect Hugo Groothoff was commissioned to plan a church building. Further negotiations with the city of Hamburg in 1898 resulted in the fact that they made a plot of land available on which construction could begin in 1895/96.
The church was built in the neo-Gothic style that was popular around the turn of the 20th century until 1899, making it similar to many other churches in Hamburg after completion. The building was a brick church with a slender tower and high roof, on which dwarf gables leaned. The interior decorated with colored paintings was given a neo-Gothic interior, colored choir windows, a slightly raised wooden pulpit and a wooden baptismal font. The tower at that time was 50 m high with its wooden helmet . The first organ came from the Furtwängler & Hammer workshop , the two bells came from the Ulrich foundry in Apolda and the three choir windows from the Zettler stained glass in Munich .
On July 1, 1905, St. Markus was separated from St. Johannis in Eppendorf and has since formed an independent parish .
Destruction and rebuilding
During the air raids on Hamburg in World War II , the church was largely destroyed on the night of July 24th to 25th, 1943. Since the spire and nave were wooden constructions, the church burned out completely. After the second church in the community, the Bethlehem Church on Gärtnerstrasse, was destroyed in 1944, services for the following six years took place in the Methodist Eben-Ezer Church . Since then, good cooperation has been maintained between the two communities.
St. Markus is the first rebuilt church in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Hamburg state and the fourth church in the emergency church program. The World Luther Association supported the congregation in 1947 with US $ 40,000 for the construction. A plaque in the entrance room reminds of the donation to this day.
From May 1948, under the direction of the architect Gerhard Langmaack, construction began as a Bartning emergency church of type B. According to the wishes of the municipality, Langmaack's plan provided for as much of the remaining building structure to be preserved despite the higher costs. For this purpose, Bartning's wooden structure was fitted into the remaining remains of the neo-Gothic church, the side walls of the nave were demolished down to the lower 3 m, and the choir arch and the chancel were rebuilt. The wooden nave , made from prefabricated parts, was then clamped between the preserved or renewed parts, the inside of the masonry was plastered and painted white, and the greatest simplicity was sought in the reconstruction of the choir. The result was a building that deviated from the normal type of Bartning churches, in which the intended horizontal structure receded behind the traditionally vertically structured choir area.
On March 20, 1949, the church was consecrated in a new form. Since then, the central part of the church has had a lower ridge than the choir, which makes the silhouette of the church look very unusual and also emphasizes the damage caused by the war. This impression was reinforced by the exterior walls, which were muddy white until 1967.
The tower was never rebuilt at its old height, but shortened to 26 m and inaugurated in 1952.
Interior
The dark wood of the Bartning construction dominates the interior and can also be found in the design of the pulpit. It stands in contrast to the stone wall parts painted white from the inside. Altar, pulpit base and baptismal font are made of bricks, which are believed to have come from the ruins of the destroyed church. The church received the silver altar candlesticks in 1960.
Stained glass window
Whoever enters the church immediately sees the colorful glass windows in the chancel designed by the artist Hilde Ferber and installed in the church on October 20, 1949. The themes of the three windows were selected jointly by Langmaack and Ferber. They take up motifs from the destroyed first windows, a Markus, a Johannes and a Christ window were created. The Markus window refers to the evangelist that gave it its name, the Johannes window to the evangelist after whom the "mother church" St. Johannis is named, the Christ window to the "ground" of faith. The windows show characteristic scenes from the respective Gospels and the life of Jesus.
All windows are mostly laid out in earth-colored tones. Blue and red are used as highlights. Green is striking in the choice of colors for special people like Lazarus and Jairus' daughter. The color is interpreted in this context with expectation of resurrection and hope.
Distribution of the scenes in the glass windows:
| St. Mark's Window | Christ window | John window |
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Winged lion symbol of the evangelist Mark |
Christ enthroned | Eagle symbol of the Evangelist John |
| The raising of the daughter of Jairus | Ascension | The raising of Lazarus |
| The calming of the sea storm | The Emmaus disciples | Jesus and the Samaritan woman |
| Jesus' baptism | The risen one at the lake Tiberias | The wedding at Cana |
| The writing evangelist Mark | The Risen One and Mary Magdalene | The writing evangelist John |
organ
The first organ in today's church was the one salvaged from Bethlehem Church in 1944. This was replaced in 1968 by an organ built by Paul Ott , which was fundamentally overhauled in 1991. The slider chest instrument has 20 stops on two manuals and pedal. The playing and stop actions are mechanical.
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P.
Bells
The smallest of the three bells today has been in the church since the inauguration and has survived the deliveries of materials from both world wars and the destruction of the church. One of the two larger bells comes from the destroyed Bethlehem Church that was not rebuilt after the war, the third bell only came into the tower in 1969 after the belfry had been rebuilt.
Community and other buildings
The congregation uses the winged St. Mark's lion as a symbol in all areas . The church is also used by the Macedonian Orthodox community in Hamburg.
The congregation's building in the immediate vicinity of the church was rebuilt from 2012 to make better use of the existing property. The five-story building was inaugurated in 2015. It comprises the community rooms on the ground floor and 25 apartments above.
Photographs and map
Coordinates: 53 ° 34 ′ 55.8 " N , 9 ° 58 ′ 26" E
Interior, side wall with typical Bartning elements
Stalls and organ
Model as it was before 1943
The lion of Mark
See also
- List of churches named after the evangelist Mark .
- Symbols that are assigned to the evangelists.
literature
- Sabine Behrens: North German church buildings of historicism. The sacred buildings of Hugo Groothoff 1851-1918. (= Kiel Art History Studies , New Series, Volume 8.) Ludwig, Kiel 2006, ISBN 3-933598-97-4 .
- Ralf Lange: Architecture in Hamburg . Junius Verlag , Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-88506-586-9 , p. 134 .
- Karin Berkemann : "Tomorrow's architecture!" Hamburg's post-war churches . Ed .: Monument Protection Office Hamburg. Dölling and Galitz Verlag , Hamburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-937904-60-3 , p. 15 and 17 .
- Church council of the St.Markus parish (ed.): 100 years St. Markus - St. Markus in the 100th year . Self-published by the community of St.Markus, Hamburg 1999.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b St. Markus Hoheluft Entry in the work database of the Otto Bartning-Arbeitsgemeinschaft Kirchenbau. Retrieved March 2, 2012.
- ↑ Information on the organ
- ↑ Links to other parishes on the parish's homepage. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
- ↑ Information on the parish hall on the parish homepage. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
Web links
- Homepage of the community
- Marc-Oliver Rehrmann: Unmistakable: The emergency churches in the north (NDR, 23 August 2014)
- List of recognized monuments of the city of Hamburg ( Memento from November 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive )