St. Salvator (Schweinfurt)
St. Salvator , also called Salvatorkirche , formerly Frauenkirche , is a Protestant church in the former imperial city of Schweinfurt . It is located in Zurich , the former castle district and probably the oldest part of today's old town . The church is the only larger baroque building in the city and is located on the site of the former castle chapel directly on the city wall.
history
The history of the Church of St. Salvator begins in the late Middle Ages . In 1310 an imperial castle was built in Burg- or Frauengasse . The client was Count Berthold I von Henneberg-Schleusingen . In 1361/62, when the city became imperial again , the importance of the castle suddenly declined. From 1427 onwards, it was demolished piece by piece. Only the castle chapel, dedicated to the Lady (also: Frauenkirche ), was preserved.
It was probably built in 1313 and 1317. A pastor has come down to us for 1406. It was re- consecrated as a church in 1412 when major renovations were carried out on the building. It may have been given the Gothic choir and sacristy at this time . After its destruction in 1554, it was rebuilt until 1561. Soon afterwards it disintegrated again, was used as a grain store and served as a prison camp during the War of the Spanish Succession 1704–1706.
The church was rebuilt in 1717 when a major renovation began in the city to mark the 200th anniversary of the Reformation . A double dome was put on, the nave was completely torn down and rebuilt in the Baroque style . The consecration took place on July 11, 1719. Church patron was now the world savior.
Although the church was not yet fully liturgical, it received a pastor. It was not until 1732 that all elements of the service took place there. A rectory was acquired in 1759. Early on, the community provided for the lower social classes such as town soldiers, benefactors of the hospital and the poor.
In 1796 the building was again used as a prisoner of war camp. 1801-1804 the church was used as a Catholic branch by the monks from Heidenfeld . In 1801 St. Salvator should get a new tower clock . It could only be attached when the independence of Schweinfurt was lifted with the mediatization . Thereupon strangers brought the inscription “ Look, this is how the game changes in our days: Reich-free citizens built me and Bavarian I'll beat ” on the dials. In 1817 it was incorporated into the St. Johannis parish .
On April 27, 1944, a phosphorus bomb hit the church building and destroyed St. Salvator's exterior walls. The church had to be rebuilt by 1953 according to plans by the architect Olaf Andreas Gulbransson . He followed the old plans and so the reconstruction could be completed in 1956 with the putting on of the tower helmet. In addition, the church soon received a chandelier and colored glass windows. In 2010 the choir was restored. The Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation classifies the St. Salvator Church under monument number D-6-62-000-51.
Bells
The steeple contains three bells. Two of them were cast by Johann Meyer in 1718, one bears the inscription: "Let Schweinfurt's heart wake my bells / For devotion, for prayer, for joy / God grant that my bright sound / He always serve as a song of praise." Only the three Bells were brought back to Schweinfurt after 1956. They sound in the notes f sharp ′, g sharp ′ and h ′.
architecture
The choir of the church has Gothic elements. It is one-yoke and ends with a five-eighth closure . A cross vault spans its interior. A simple keystone limits it. The caps of the vault and the grooved vault ribs are drawn far down. With the erection of the tower, the choir hardly narrows, the vault is continued there.
The nave is flat-roofed . Its original baroque forms were taken into account during the reconstruction. It is structured by four window axes. Three sides of a hexagon complete it to the west. On the outside of the windows you can see alternating segment and gable arch roofing . There is an inscription on the west portal with its rustic walls. She hands the Church over to the Savior. A second inscription is dedicated to Georg Spalatin , who gave his first Schweinfurt sermon in the church.
Furnishing
Inside, the church had also been redesigned in Baroque style. A stucco took the blanket with a painting the middle. It showed The Transfiguration of Christ and was surrounded by acanthus work . The church received the pulpit through a foundation, the organ case cited the forms of the Rococo .
The interior of the church is kept simple. There are only a few works of art in the choir. On the altar is a 17th century crucifix . It is modeled after Peter Paul Rubens , Christ looks heavenward. Karl Rohrbacher, post-war pastor of the church, donated it. A panel in the south of the choir summarizes the crucifixion, John and Isaiah , Paradise, Proto-Gospels, Moses and the Resurrection of Christ . An abbot on the edge of the painting could be the abbot of St. Stephen's Monastery in Würzburg , Jodokus Zimmermann , due to the coat of arms . Opposite him, another painting shows John on Patmos , it could have been created by the artist Johann Benedikt Voit in the 18th century. Before that, it was in the St. John's Church. The pulpit and font were built in the post-war period. Again Olaf Gulbransson provided the designs. The ceiling shows On a painting from 1958 on the ceiling the world redeemer Christ comes down to earth. The symbols of the evangelists frame the scene.
literature
- Erich Saffert : Festschrift 250 years of St. Salvator . Schweinfurt 1969.
- Erich Schneider : Evangelical churches in Schweinfurt . In: Great Art Guides . tape 201 . Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 1997, ISBN 978-3-7954-1143-5 .
- Christa Weinzierl: 1412–2012 St. Salvator's chancel . Schweinfurt 2012.
Web links
- Evangelical Lutheran Deanery Schweinfurt: St. Salvator
- Peter Hofmann: Schweinfurt Guide / St. Salvator
- Peter Hofmann: Schweinfurt Guide / St. Salvator, old views
Individual evidence
- ↑ In the literature the terms "our vrauen kirge", "vrauen capelle" and "our vrauin capelle '" can be found.
- ↑ Geodata: Monument number D-6-62-000-51 ( Memento of the original dated February 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 16, 2013.
- ↑ Erich Schneider: The Evangelical Churches in Schweinfurt . P. 22.
- ↑ See: Saffert, Erich: Festschrift 250 years of St. Salvator .
- ↑ Schneider, Erich: p. 24. Cf. Weinzierl, Christa: p. 4. This is a “bourgeois donor couple”.
Coordinates: 50 ° 2 ′ 42.2 " N , 10 ° 14 ′ 15.7" E