State train (GDR)

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The state train of the GDR was used by the local party and state leadership for trips at home and abroad.

Old construction vehicles

After the end of the Second World War , only a few saloon cars from the fleet of the Third Reich remained in the Soviet occupation zone . When the occupying power and then the leadership of the GDR again needed saloon cars, the Deutsche Reichsbahn converted older sleeping cars and dining cars into "business travel cars", some with the option of changing them to Russian broad gauge . The converted vehicles also included the 137 185 , 137 100 and 137 088 diesel multiple units . After the founding of the GDR on October 7, 1949, the saloon cars in Berlin were brought together and refurbished and the 137 225 (later 183 252) railcar was converted into a saloon railcar for the GDR government . The railcars were mostly parked in the Velten (Mark) station.

use Number (initial) Number (end) Construction year owner Status annotation
Railcar 137 255 183 252 1949 Railway Museum Leipzig original 137 185, 137 100 and 137 088 moved together in Berlin and refurbished
Salon dining car 61 80 88-80 054 1928 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) with kitchen
Old-style saloon car 60 50 89-25 013 1928 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) 1951 rebuilt based on Mitropa WLAB
Old-style dining car 60 50 88-40 052 61 50 89-25 013 1928 Culture on rails foundation original 1928-1951 in the leadership platoon of the Ministry of Defense

New build vehicles

From 1966, mostly in 1969, numerous new saloon cars were built, in the style of the 1970s zeitgeist and in style based on the then most modern express train cars of the Deutsche Reichsbahn for international traffic . The cars were all built in Görlitz , Bautzen , Niesky , Delitsch and Gotha, some with additional bogies for a gauge of 1,520 mm .

use Number (initial) Number (end) Construction year owner Status annotation
Salon car A 60 50 89-40 006 60 80 99-80 006 1966 Wolkenstein train hotel original Decommissioned in 1989
Salon car A 60 50 89-40 008 61 80 99-80 008 1969 Private Original? Car for Walter Ulbricht , later for Erich Honecker
Accompanying car for saloon car A 60 50 89-40 007 61 80 99-10 377 1967 Railway Museum Leipzig Original (in preparation) Year of construction 1967, from 1992 railway company car, interim number 61 50 89-80 007
Salon car B 60 50 89-40 009 61 80 89-80 009 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) with kitchen
Salon car B 60 50 89-40 010 61 80 89-80 010 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) with kitchen
Salon car B 60 50 89-40 011 61 80 89-80 011 1969 Culture on rails foundation original without kitchen
Salon dining car 60 50 89-40 053 61 80 88-80 053 1969 Locomotive shed Pomerania e. V. original with kitchen
Salon dining car 60 50 89-40 054 61 80 88-80 054 1969 Private Original? with kitchen
Salon dining car 60 50 88-40 055 61 80 88-80 055 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) without kitchen
Salon dining car 60 50 88-40 056 61 80 88-80 056 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) without kitchen
Salon kitchen cart 60 50 88-40 057 61 80 88-80 057 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) was used in 1998 in Cologne Central Station together with the dining car of the NVA lead train as a replacement canteen
Companion and staff sleeping car 60 50 70-40 103 61 80 70-80 103 1969 Locomotive shed Pomerania e. V. original
Companion and staff sleeping car 60 50 70-40 104 61 80 70-80 104 1969 Locomotive shed Pomerania e. V. original
Salon sleeper 60 50 70-40 105 61 80 70-80 105 1969 DB Museum Koblenz original without a medical compartment
Salon sleeper 60 50 70-40 106 61 80 70-80 106 1969 Station Burgsee Restaurant No longer original without a medical compartment
Salon sleeper 60 50 70-40 107 61 80 70-80 107 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) with medical compartment
Accompanying car for saloon car A 60 50 70-40 108 61 80 70-80 108 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) Year of manufacture 1969
Accompanying car for saloon car B 60 50 70-40 109 61 80 70-80 109 1969 Locomotive shed Pomerania e. V. original
Food refrigerator truck 59-006 61 80 99-10 100 1958 Scrapped Type MK4 machine cooling car, retired in 1973
News van 60 50 70-40 161 61 80 99-68 707 1969 Private Original? from 1992 measurement trailer for radio technology and communications engineering measurements
News van 60 50 70-40 162 61 80 99-68 708 1969 Private Original? from 1992 measurement trailer for radio technology and communications engineering measurements
Salon machine luggage trolley 60 50 92-40 203 61 80 92-80 203 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) Length 24.5 m
Salon machine luggage trolley 60 50 92-40 204 61 80 92-80 204 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation) Length 24.5 m
Salon machine luggage trolley 60 50 95-40 205 61 80 95-80 205 1971 Private Original? Length 21.25 m
Salon car transporter 60 50 98-40 302 60 80 98-80 302 1969 Culture on rails foundation Original (in preparation)
Reinforcement car 51 80 10-40 319 51 50 10-40 319 1984 Private Original? Later used as a 1st class car
Reinforcement car 51 80 10-40 320 51 50 10-40 320 1984 Private Original? Later used as a 1st class car
Reinforcement car 51 80 10-40 321 51 50 10-40 321 1984 Private Original? Later used as a 1st class car
Reinforcement car 51 80 10-40 322 51 50 10-40 322 1984 Private Original? Later used as a 1st class car

commitment

The saloon cars were used individually or as a train. That was then called the State Train or Government Train . The latter usually ran with an R in front of the train number . There were special service instructions for the journeys which, as a confidential and classified information, were so secret that they were not listed in the service regulations. If such a train was made available, it was first set up on two tracks of the so-called "R-Zug-Geländes" in the signal box district W 5 of the Berlin-Lichtenberg station east of the Nöldnerplatz S-Bahn station . From there, the train was driven to track 49 of the Berlin-Lichtenberg station, where it was prepared for the upcoming trip. In order to block the view of the train from the other platforms, a train with empty wagons was placed on the parallel track as an optical barrier. The state drives were under the supervision of the Ministry of State Security , which also included the transport police. The process was organized in a very complex way.

According to the service instructions, there were three different levels of effort when such a train ran. At level I , in addition to the actual state move, there was a priority and a subsequent move. The privilege (also jokingly called "mine clearer") usually consisted of a saloon car and a baggage car . The train was manned by employees from the transport police and the MfS, who watched the route from the open transition door of the last car . The follow-up was mostly just a railcar or a single locomotive. All switches that the train used had to be locked. Barriers had to be closed no later than 10 minutes before the train passed and were not allowed to be opened between the journey of the priority train and that of the main train - not even for fire brigade or emergency medical services . Both railway and road bridges over the traveled railway line were not allowed to be used. A route of around an hour was kept free for the trains , during which no other trains could use the route. The responsible dispatchers received no notification of the train movements - they only had to keep the route absolutely free for the predetermined time.

In the steam locomotive era, among other things, the streamlined locomotive 61 002 , formerly the locomotive of the Henschel-Wegmann train , was used as locomotives for the state train , otherwise those of the 03 series . When diesel locomotives were available, those of the class V 180 (118) were used.

The best-known deployment of the government train took place in 1970 on the occasion of the meeting between Willi Stoph and Willy Brandt in Kassel . Further special trains were held by the NVA and the Ministry of Transport .

literature

  • Peter Bock, Alfred Gottwaldt: Government trains. Salon carriages, imperial railway stations and state trips in Germany 1889–1989 . Bruckmann Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-7654-7070-8 .
  • Thomas Borbe: 18 grams of fine gold required. About the procurement of saloon cars for the DR . In: Eisenbahngeschichte 52 (2012), p. 72f.
  • Klaus Bossig: GDR tour while traveling. Rail, road, air and water vehicles for state trips by the GDR leadership . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-88255-734-3 .
  • Klaus Bossig: Special vehicles of the Deutsche Reichsbahn. The leadership of the Ministries of Transportation and National Defense . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-88255-704-6 .
  • Thomas Dießner: The saloon cars on the Deutsche Reichsbahn . Issue 1–5. Self-published, Delitzsch o. J.
  • Bernd Kuhlmann: Deutsche Reichsbahn secret. Poison trains, military transports, secret projects. 2nd edition, GeraMond, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-86245-187-6 .
  • Magistrate of the City of Potsdam [Ed.]: European saloon car exhibition from 22. – 23. May 1993 on the premises of Raw Potsdam . Catalog. Potsdam 1993, p. 44f, No. 21.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Borbe, p. 72.
  2. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 161.
  3. ↑ Kuhlmann, pp. 157, 160.
  4. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 161.
  5. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 160.
  6. ↑ VGl. on the procedure Kuhlmann, pp. 161–169.
  7. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 167.
  8. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 166.
  9. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 168.
  10. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 167.
  11. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 161, mentions in particular 03 096, 03 096, 03 157, 03 297 - the latter as a reserve.
  12. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 161.
  13. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 161, mentions in particular 118 048, 118 050, 118 548, 118 550 and 118 552.
  14. ↑ Kuhlmann, p. 161.
  15. ↑ Bossy.