Spiky whiskers
| Spiky whiskers | ||||||||||||
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Hedgehog goatee ( Hericium erinaceus ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Hericium | ||||||||||||
| Pers. |
The goose whiskers ( Hericium ) are a small genus of fungi from the order of the deafblings . Their common feature are freely drooping spines covered by the hymenium . The Latin name Hericium means hedgehog.
features
The fruiting bodies are branched like corals or have long drooping spines. The amyloid trama is fleshy to tough.
The spores are hyaline and also amyloid. They are spherical to ellipsoidal in shape and have a smooth to fine black surface. The hyphae are hyaline and have buckles , sometimes also oil drops.
species
The main European species are:
- Branched goatee ( Hericium coralloides )
- Hedgehog goatee ( Hericium erinaceus )
- Fir goatee ( Hericium flagellum )
- Thorny goatee ( Hericium cirrhatum )
Ecology and importance
Barbed beards are xylobionts , i.e. wood dwellers that grow as wound parasites on living trees or on dead wood as saprobionts . They fructify very scattered to rarely from early summer to late autumn.
In China the goatee is considered a good edible mushroom. There, and increasingly also in Europe, the medicinal properties of these mushrooms, especially the hedgehog's whiskers, are recognized. It is unlikely to be confused with toadstool . Because of their rarity and because they are suitable for breeding, they should be spared in the wild.
Danger
All types of spiky whiskers occur absent-mindedly or rarely. This development was caused by the conversion of deciduous and mixed deciduous and coniferous forests with stands of different ages to conifers of the same age. The threat was increased from the late 1970s onwards by the multiple reduction in the rotation times of old forests and individual trees. Representatives of the genus can only be found today almost exclusively in extensively used landscape regions, nature reserves and protected forests .
literature
- German Josef Krieglsteiner (Eds.), Andreas Gminder , Wulfard Winterhoff: Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 2: Stand mushrooms: inguinal, club, coral and stubble mushrooms, belly mushrooms, boletus and deaf mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3531-0 .
- H. Jahn (1965): The barbed beards (Hericium, Creolophus) and their occurrence in Westphalia . Westf. Pilzbr. 5, 90-100.
- H. Jahn (1979): Fungi that grow on wood , Bussesche Verlagshandlung, Herford, ISBN 3-87120-853-1 .
- Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 .
- J. Lelley: The healing power of mushrooms , Krefeld, new edition 2003.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Loretta Puckrin: Hericium ramosum - comb's tooth fungi . In: Spore Print . Quarterly Newsletter of the Edmonton Mycological Society. No. 4 , 2005, p. 1 ( wildmushrooms.ws [PDF; 647 kB ]).
- ↑ Jing-Yang Wong, Mahmood A. Abdulla, Jegadeesh Raman, Chia-Wei Phan, Umah R. Kuppusamy, Shahram Golbabapour, Vikineswary Sabaratnam: Gastroprotective Effects of Lion's Mane Mushroom Hericium erinaceus (Bull.:Fr.) Pers. (Aphyllophoromycetideae) Extract against Ethanol-Induced Ulcer in Rats . In: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine . No. 252 , 2013, p. 1–9 , doi : 10.1155 / 2013/492976 , PMC 3835629 (free full text).