Steel industry / tables and graphs
Here are tables and graphs on the global development of the steel industry together.
overview
According to Worldsteel, a total of 1,691 million tons of steel were produced worldwide in 2017 . By far the most important producer country in 2017 was the People's Republic of China with 832 million tons. In 2011, a total of 1514.7 million tons were produced (2010: 1418.7 million tons). Compared to the previous year, the increase was 6.8%. By far the most important producer country in 2011 was the People's Republic of China with 683.3 million tons (2010: 626.7 million tons). The Chinese share in global production was 45.1%. The country increased its steel production by 9.0% compared to the previous year.
World production excluding China was 831.4 million tons in 2011 (2010: 792.0 million tons). It rose by 5.0% compared to the previous year.
Important manufacturing countries in 2018 were:
region | 2000 | 2010 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Germany | 46.4 | 43.8 | 42.1 | 43.6 | 42.4 |
European Union | 163.4 | 172.7 | 162.3 | 168.7 | 168.1 |
Turkey | 14.3 | 29.1 | 33.1 | 37.5 | 37.3 |
Russia | 59.1 | 66.9 | 70.1 | 71.3 | 71.7 |
United States | 101.8 | 80.5 | 78.6 | 81.6 | 86.7 |
People's Republic of China | 128.5 | 637.4 | 808.4 | 831.8 | 928.3 |
India | 26.9 | 68.3 | 95.6 | 101.4 | 106.5 |
Japan | 106.4 | 109.6 | 104.8 | 104.7 | 104.3 |
South Korea | 43.1 | 58.9 | 68.6 | 71.1 | 72.5 |
So India has overtaken Japan and is the second largest steel producer.
Steel production in the (then) 27 states of the European Union was 177.4 million tons in 2011 (2010: 172.6 million tons). This corresponds to an increase of 2.8% compared to the previous year. German steel production in 2011 was 44.3 million tons (2010: 43.8 million tons). It rose by 1.1% compared to the previous year. Other important producers in Europe were the Ukraine, Italy, France and Spain.
The world's largest steel group in 2013 was ArcelorMittal with 96.1 million tons of annual production, followed by Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation with 50.1 million tons and the Hebei Steel Group with 43.9 million tons. The largest exporter of steel in 2013 was China with 61.5 million t. The country with the most imports in 2013 was the USA with 17.8 million t.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the steel industry's raw material requirements were temporarily not met. The reason for this was a resumption of exponential growth after a quarter of a century of stagnation , which was essentially caused by the strongly increasing demand for steel in the Chinese economy , and to a lesser extent also in India. Between 2003 and 2007, steel production in China grew annually by more than the annual production in Germany. This development was not foreseen. As a result, the supply of raw materials could not be increased quickly enough due to the restrictions on the production capacities of the mines as well as the shipping and handling capacities in sea transport, despite there being sufficient deposits of iron ore worldwide . Following a low in steel prices in 2001, prices for raw materials and steel products roughly doubled twice in the course of 2004 and in the first half of 2008. Steel remained scarce and expensive until mid-2008.
In the course of the financial crisis , steel demand fell rapidly for a short time. As a result, in May 2009 world market prices more than halved compared to the high in July 2008. A total of 1232.3 million tons of steel were produced worldwide in 2009 (2008: 1329.2 million tons). Compared to the previous year, the decrease was 7.3%. By far the most important producer country was the People's Republic of China with 573.6 million t (2008: 500.3 million t). The Chinese share in global production was 46.5%. The country increased its steel production by 14.7% compared to the previous year. World production excluding China was 658.7 million t in 2009 (2008: 828.9 million t). It fell by 20.5% compared to the previous year. In 2010 global production had recovered.
Steel production
By country
All figures relate to the states within their current borders. For Russia, for example, the RSFSR production figures up to 1990 are given.
Rank (2013) |
country | 1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | People's Republic of China | 18,144 | 37.121 | 66,349 | 128,500 | 489.288 | 500,312 | 573,567 | 626.654 | 683.265 | 731.040 | 821.990 |
- | European Union | 192,588 | 208,000 | 192.129 | 194.154 | 210,200 | 198.200 | 139,300 | 172,800 | 177,700 | 168,580 | 166.208 |
2. | Japan | 93,322 | 111,395 | 110,339 | 106,444 | 120.203 | 118,739 | 87,534 | 109,599 | 107,595 | 107,232 | 110,595 |
3. | United States | 119,307 | 101,456 | 89,726 | 101,803 | 98.102 | 91,350 | 58,196 | 80,495 | 86,247 | 88,695 | 86,878 |
4th | India | 6.276 | 9,514 | 12,963 | 26,924 | 53,468 | 57,791 | 63,527 | 68,321 | 72,200 | 77.264 | 81,299 |
5. | Russia | 65,835 | 84.040 | 87,735 | 59,136 | 72,387 | 68,510 | 60.011 | 66,942 | 68,743 | 70,426 | 68,856 |
6th | South Korea | 481 | 8,558 | 23,125 | 43.107 | 51,517 | 53,625 | 48,572 | 58,363 | 68,471 | 69,073 | 66,061 |
7th | Germany | 50,466 | 51,146 | 43,980 | 46,376 | 48,550 | 45,833 | 32,670 | 43,830 | 44,288 | 42,661 | 42,645 |
8th. | Turkey | 1.312 | 2,536 | 9,443 | 14,325 | 25,754 | 26,806 | 25,304 | 29,143 | 34,103 | 35,885 | 34,654 |
9. | Brazil | 5,390 | 15,337 | 20,567 | 27,865 | 33,782 | 33,716 | 26,506 | 32,928 | 35,162 | 34,524 | 34.163 |
10. | Ukraine | 41,012 | 52,353 | 54,655 | 31,767 | 42,830 | 37,279 | 29,855 | 33,432 | 35,332 | 32,975 | 32,771 |
11. | Italy | 17,277 | 26,501 | 25,467 | 26,759 | 31,553 | 30,590 | 19,848 | 25,750 | 28,662 | 27,252 | 24,080 |
12. | Taiwan | 350 | 3,417 | 9,748 | 16,896 | 20,903 | 19,882 | 15,873 | 19,755 | 22,660 | 20,664 | 22,282 |
13. | Mexico | 3,881 | 7.156 | 8,734 | 15,631 | 17,573 | 17.209 | 14,132 | 16,710 | 18,145 | 18,073 | 18,208 |
14th | France | 23,774 | 23,176 | 19,016 | 20,954 | 19,250 | 17,879 | 12,840 | 15,414 | 15,777 | 15,609 | 15,685 |
15th | Iran | 0 | 550 | 1,425 | 6,615 | 10.051 | 9,964 | 10,908 | 11,995 | 13,040 | 14,463 | 15,422 |
16. | Spain | 7,394 | 12,643 | 12,936 | 15,874 | 18,999 | 18,640 | 14,358 | 16,343 | 15,591 | 13,639 | 14,252 |
17th | Canada | 11,200 | 15.901 | 12,281 | 16,595 | 15,572 | 14,845 | 9,286 | 13.013 | 13,090 | 13,507 | 12,415 |
18th | United Kingdom | 27,833 | 11,277 | 17,841 | 15,155 | 14,317 | 13,521 | 10,079 | 9,709 | 9,481 | 9,579 | 11,858 |
19th | Austria | 4,079 | 4,623 | 4,291 | 5,707 | 7,578 | 7,594 | 5,662 | 7.206 | 7,474 | 7,421 | 7,953 |
20th | Poland | 11,750 | 19,485 | 13,633 | 10,498 | 10,632 | 9,728 | 7.128 | 7,993 | 8,794 | 8,358 | 7,950 |
21st | South Africa | 4,757 | 9,067 | 8,619 | 8,481 | 9,098 | 8,246 | 7,484 | 7,617 | 6,650 | 6,938 | 7,254 |
22nd | Belgium | 12,607 | 12,422 | 11,453 | 11,636 | 10,692 | 10,673 | 5,635 | 7,973 | 8,114 | 7,301 | 7.093 |
23. | Egypt | 450 | 882 | 2,240 | 2,838 | 6.224 | 6,198 | 5,541 | 6,676 | 6,486 | 6,627 | 6,754 |
24. | Netherlands | 5,042 | 5,272 | 5,412 | 5,666 | 7,368 | 6,853 | 5,194 | 6,651 | 6,937 | 6,879 | 6,713 |
25th | Vietnam | 0 | 0 | 102 | 306 | 2,024 | 2,250 | 2,700 | 4,314 | 4,580 | 5,298 | 5,474 |
26th | Saudi Arabia | 0 | 0 | 1,790 | 2,981 | 4,644 | 4,667 | 4,690 | 5,015 | 5,275 | 5,203 | 5,471 |
27. | Argentina | 1,823 | 2,687 | 3,636 | 4,474 | 5,387 | 5,541 | 4.013 | 5,138 | 5,655 | 4,995 | 5,186 |
28. | Czech Republic | 7,546 | 10,007 | 9,712 | 6.216 | 7,059 | 6,387 | 4,594 | 5,180 | 5,583 | 5,072 | 5,171 |
29 | Malaysia | 122 | 210 | 1,100 | 3,650 | 6,895 | 6,423 | 5,354 | 5,694 | 6,040 | 5,612 | 4,693 |
30th | Australia | 6,839 | 7,589 | 6,676 | 7.129 | 7,939 | 7,625 | 5,249 | 7,296 | 6,404 | 4,893 | 4,688 |
31. | Slovakia | 3,934 | 5,218 | 5,063 | 3,733 | 5,089 | 4,489 | 3,747 | 4,580 | 4,242 | 4,403 | 4,511 |
32. | Sweden | 5,497 | 4,237 | 4,455 | 5,227 | 5,673 | 5,164 | 2,804 | 4,846 | 4,866 | 4,326 | 4,404 |
33. | Thailand | 153 | 450 | 685 | 2,100 | 5,565 | 5,211 | 3,646 | 4.145 | 4,400 | 3,328 | 3,579 |
34. | Finland | 1,169 | 2,508 | 2,860 | 4,096 | 4,431 | 4,417 | 3,066 | 4.030 | 3,985 | 3,759 | 3,517 |
35. | Kazakhstan | 6,144 | 7.115 | 7,428 | 4,769 | 4,782 | 4,250 | 4.146 | 4,220 | 4,699 | 3,676 | 3,275 |
36. | Romania | 6,517 | 13,175 | 9,754 | 4,672 | 6.261 | 5,035 | 2,761 | 3,721 | 3,830 | 3,292 | 2,985 |
37. | United Arab Emirates | 0 | 45 | 45 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 200 | 500 | 2,000 | 2,408 | 2,878 |
38. | Indonesia | 10 | 543 | 2,892 | 2,848 | 4,160 | 3,915 | 3,501 | 3,664 | 3,890 | 2,254 | 2,644 |
39. | Qatar | 0 | 463 | 564 | 729 | 1,147 | 1.406 | 1,448 | 1,970 | 2,038 | 2.145 | 2,236 |
40. | Belarus | 1,090 | 1,391 | 1,452 | 1,502 | 2,410 | 2,589 | 2,417 | 2,530 | 2,614 | 2,687 | 2,245 |
41. | Venezuela | 927 | 1,975 | 3.233 | 3,835 | 5,005 | 4,225 | 3,808 | 2,207 | 3,070 | 2,359 | 2.139 |
42. | Luxembourg | 5,462 | 4,618 | 3,560 | 2,571 | 2,858 | 2,582 | 2.141 | 2,548 | 2,558 | 2,208 | 2,090 |
By regions
region | 1950 | 1970 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NAFTA | 47.7 | 22.6 | 14.4 | 15.8 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 4.9 |
European Union | 32.5 | 32.4 | 24.9 | 22.8 | 12.2 | 11.7 | 10.9 | 9.4 |
CIS | 13.5 | 19.4 | 20.1 | 11.6 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 5.7 |
Japan | 2.5 | 15.7 | 14.3 | 12.5 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 5.8 |
People's Republic of China | 0.3 | 3.0 | 8.7 | 15.1 | 44.3 | 45.1 | 46.3 | 51.9 |
other countries | 3.5 | 6.9 | 17.6 | 22.2 | 20.2 | 21.0 | 20.9 | 22.4 |
A different breakdown by region results in the following picture.
region | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2012 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
European Union | 208 | 199 | 192 | 191 | 193 | 196 | 172 | 169 | 168 |
Soviet Union later CIS | 148 | 155 | 154 | 79 | 98 | 113 | 108 | 111 | 101 |
North America | 125 | 103 | 111 | 123 | 135 | 128 | 112 | 122 | 121 |
South America | 22nd | 28 | 29 | 35 | 40 | 45 | 44 | 46 | 44 |
Near and Middle East | 1.2 | 2.7 | 4.1 | 8.1 | 10 | 15th | 20th | 25th | 36 |
Far East and Oceania | 186 | 200 | 246 | 290 | 342 | 608 | 926 | 1018 | 1258 |
Africa | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14th | 14th | 18th | 17th | 15th | 15th |
World as a whole | 716 | 719 | 770 | 753 | 850 | 1148 | 1433 | 1545 | 1790 |
Definitions:
North America: America from Canada to El Salvador
South America: America south of El Salvador
Near and Middle East: Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates - excluding Turkey
For earlier years, steel production was distributed as follows:
region | 1880 | 1900 | 1920 | 1939 | 1950 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
World as a whole | 4th | 28 | 71 | 125 | 190 |
OECD countries * | 3 | 14th | 23 | 51 | 51 |
United States | 1 | 10 | 43 | 48 | 88 |
Soviet Union | 0 | 2 | 1 | 18th | 27 |
other countries | 0 | 3 | 4th | 8th | 24 * |
* Japan did not join the OECD until 1964. Hence "other countries" including Japan
It only became possible to produce reasonable quality steel around 1860. In 1867 world production was only 0.022 million tons.
World production
Per year
The global production of steel is listed in millions of tons.
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Per quarter
The development of global steel production per quarter and in percent on the previous quarter and on the previous year. The monthly and quarterly production figures of the World Steel Association are based on information from 62 countries, the annual figures on information from 90 countries.
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The three leading production countries
By company
In 2006 the five largest steel companies produced only 20% of the world's steel production. By 2013 this share had fallen slightly to 17%. In contrast to the consolidated aluminum market, the steel market is still relatively fragmented.
Export and import
The largest exporters and importers of semi-finished and finished steel products are listed in thousands of tons.
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World trade
The following table shows world trade and world production of processed steel (in millions of tons) and the percentage of exports in world production.
year | Export (in million t) |
Production (in million t) |
Export share (in%) |
---|---|---|---|
1975 | 114.7 | 506.9 | 22.6 |
1976 | 126.1 | 533.7 | 23.6 |
1977 | 127.9 | 536.5 | 23.8 |
1978 | 138.6 | 571.7 | 24.2 |
1979 | 143.1 | 598.7 | 23.9 |
1980 | 140.6 | 578.7 | 24.3 |
1981 | 142.8 | 574.3 | 24.9 |
1982 | 135.5 | 528.7 | 25.6 |
1983 | 145.3 | 546.5 | 26.6 |
1984 | 158.8 | 588.4 | 27.0 |
1985 | 171.0 | 599.0 | 28.5 |
1986 | 161.7 | 597.4 | 27.1 |
1987 | 162.3 | 615.5 | 26.4 |
1988 | 171.1 | 656.8 | 26.1 |
1989 | 171.2 | 664.4 | 25.8 |
1990 | 171.0 | 654.0 | 26.2 |
1991 | 177.1 | 660.1 | 26.8 |
1992 | 196.1 | 658.2 | 29.8 |
1993 | 222.5 | 665.0 | 33.5 |
1994 | 238.6 | 656.3 | 36.3 |
1995 | 246.6 | 685.0 | 36.0 |
1996 | 236.4 | 686.5 | 34.4 |
1997 | 267.9 | 729.6 | 36.7 |
1998 | 268.7 | 713.4 | 37.7 |
1999 | 280.8 | 725.1 | 38.7 |
2000 | 307.1 | 782.5 | 39.2 |
2001 | 300.4 | 784.9 | 38.3 |
2002 | 313.1 | 836.2 | 37.4 |
2003 | 332.9 | 898.1 | 37.1 |
2004 | 366.2 | 992.5 | 36.9 |
2005 | 371.3 | 1062.2 | 35.0 |
2006 | 418.3 | 1158.6 | 36.1 |
2007 | 443.8 | 1251.4 | 35.5 |
2008 | 436.2 | 1234.6 | 35.3 |
2009 | 326.3 | 1147.0 | 28.4 |
2010 | 386.6 | 1316.6 | 29.4 |
See also
literature
- Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag: Fischer-Weltalmanach. Figures-data-facts , 1960 ff.
Web links
- World Steel Association
- Current statistics at Stahl-Online
- US Geological Survey
- British Geological Survey
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.stahl-online.de//index.php/statistiken#konjektivenlage
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l World Steel Association: Statistics Archive ( Memento of the original dated February 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ International Manganese Institute: World Steel's original data sheet ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ( MS Excel ; 1.2 MB)
- ↑ World Steel Production 1980-2013 . World Steel Association. Nov 2014. Archived from the original on April 20, 2015. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 4, 2015.
- ↑ Handbook of World Steel Statistics . 1978. Archived from the original on May 13, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved April 4, 2015.
- ↑ Stephan Koren: Structural changes on the international steel market [1] (PDF; 608 kB) wifo, 1964 issue 2
- ^ [2] University of Kiel
- ↑ Austrian Institute for Economic Research: Structural changes on the international steel market: Wifo, Heft 2, 1964 (PDF; 608 kB)
- ↑ South African Iron and Steel Institute: World crude steel production ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ( MS Excel ; 126 kB)
- ^ World Steel Association: World Steel in Figures