Granville Stanley Hall

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Granville Stanley Hall, around 1910

Granville Stanley Hall (born February 1, 1846 in Ashfield , Massachusetts , † April 24, 1924 in Worcester , Massachusetts) was an American psychologist .

life and work

Stanley Hall graduated from Williams College in 1867. Although he originally wanted to be a pastor, he left the Union Theological Seminary in New York City after a year (1867-1868) to study philosophy in Germany (1868-1871). Because of the approaching Franco-German War, he went back to America. He became a lecturer at Antioch College in Ohio in 1872. His decision to accept psychology as his life's work was inspired by a partial reading of "Physiological Psychology" (1873–1874) by Wilhelm Wundt , who is generally considered to be the founder of experimental psychology applies. Hall gave up his post in Antioch in 1876 and returned to Germany for further studies, always with Wundt and the German physicist and physiologist Hermann von Helmholtz . It was there that Hall discovered the value of questionnaires for psychological research. Later, he and his students developed more than 190 questionnaires that were instrumental in stimulating the recovery and interest in the study of the child's development.

After returning to the United States, Hall received his first Ph.D. in psychology from Harvard University in 1878. He then gave lectures on education at Harvard, and he used questionnaires from a study of the Boston Schools to make two significant contributions: one, Dealing with Children's Lies (1882), and the other, dealing with "the content of children's minds" (1883).

A teaching position in philosophy (1883) and a professorship in psychology and education (1884) at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore followed. Here he founded the first psychological laboratory in the USA based on the model of Wilhelm Wundt .

In 1887, Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology , the first such American journal and the second of importance outside Germany.

In 1887 he became the founding president of Clark University in Worcester. As president of the university and professor of psychology, he became a driving force in shaping experimental psychology into a science. A great teacher, he inspired research in all areas of psychology. By 1893 he had awarded 11 of the 14 doctoral degrees in psychology in the United States.

In 1892 he was elected founding president of the American Psychological Association . In 1894 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 1915 to the National Academy of Sciences . He was one of the first psychologists to recognize psychoanalysis as a scientific research program, which is why he invited Freud and Jung to give lectures at Clark University in 1909, thus marking the beginning of psychoanalytic research in the USA.

1909 group photo in front of Clark University . V. l. No. Front: Sigmund Freud , Granville Stanley Hall, Carl Gustav Jung . Back: Abraham Brill , Ernest Jones , Sándor Ferenczi .

Hall was one of the pioneers of youth research , to which Siegfried Bernfeld referred in his dissertation 'On the Concept of Youth' (1915), the first dissertation on youth theory at a German-speaking university.

Hall is the author of the basic psychogenetic law named after him (Hall 1904).

Hall founded the American Journal of Psychology (1887), Journal of Genetic Psychology (1891), Journal of Religious Psychology (1904) and the Journal of Applied Psychology in 1915 .

He published 489 papers in most of the major areas of psychology, including "Senescence, the Last Half of Life" (1922) and "Jesus, the Christ, in the Light of Psychology" (1917). "The Life and Confessions of a Psychologist" (1923) was his autobiography.

A famous student was John Dewey , who wrote his dissertation a. a. wrote at G. Stanley Hall.

Fonts (selection)

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Granville Stanley Hall  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ G. Stanley Hall in Encyclopædia Britannica
  2. ^ Wilhelm Karl Arnold et al. (Ed.): Lexicon of Psychology. Bechtermünz Verlag, Augsburg 1996, ISBN 3-86047-508-8 , column 1729
personal data
SURNAME Hall, Granville Stanley
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychologist
DATE OF BIRTH February 1, 1846
PLACE OF BIRTH Ashfield , Massachusetts
DATE OF DEATH April 24, 1924
Place of death Worcester , Massachusetts