Stannan

Structural formula
General
Surname	Stannan
other names	Monostannane Stannic acid
Molecular formula	SnH 4
Brief description	colorless gas
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 2406-52-2 PubChem 123161 ChemSpider 109776 Wikidata Q417040
properties
Molar mass	122.74 g mol −1
Physical state	gaseous
density	5.4 g dm −3
Melting point	−146 ° C
boiling point	−52 ° C
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling no classification available
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Stannane (more precisely monostannane ) is a chemical compound and generally the name for compounds made of tin and hydrogen .

Extraction and presentation

It cannot be made from the elements, but only by dissolving salt-like metal-tin compounds in acids. For example, by reacting tin (II) chloride with sodium borohydride or potassium borohydride in an aqueous, hydrochloric acid solution. Careful subsequent separation enables very small amounts of distannane Sn ₂ H _{6 to be} isolated.

It is also possible to prepare it by reacting a tin (IV) chloride and lithium aluminum hydride in ether at low temperatures.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {SnCl_{4}+LiAlH_{4}\longrightarrow SnH_{4}+LiCl+AlCl_{3}} }$

properties

SnH ₄ (monostannane) is a poisonous gas that rapidly decomposes above 150 ° C, creating a tin surface on the walls of the vessel. The boiling point of stannane is −52 ° C. Tin has a lower electronegativity with 2.0 (according to Pauling ) than hydrogen with 2.2. This is why tin is formally assigned the oxidation number +4 and every hydrogen (or hydride) the oxidation number -1. In the luminous test , the qualitative detection of tin compounds, stannane is produced from tin with the help of nascent hydrogen, which causes a blue fluorescence in the Bunsen burner flame .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Entry on Stannan. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on September 29, 2014.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Stannan at webelements.com
3. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
4. ^ ^{A b} Charles E. Mortimer: Chemistry . 10th revised edition. Thieme, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-13-484310-1 , p. 112 f .
5. ↑ Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler a . a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , p. 751.