Stargard Circle
The Stargardic Circle was one of the three constitutive districts of the state estates of the (Grand) Duchy of Mecklenburg and was named after Stargard (now Stargard Castle), the oldest capital in this district. The other districts were the Mecklenburg District and the Wendish District .
For the exercise of estate self-administration, the entire estates were divided into three circles as knights and landscapes . These depict the medieval constitutional veteran of Mecklenburg. Since the unification of Mecklenburg under Heinrich IV. The Fat in 1471, the respective estates of the three partial lordships Mecklenburg (Mecklenburgischer Kreis), Herrschaft Werle (Wendischer Kreis) and Herrschaft Stargard (Stargardischer Kreis) increasingly gathered in joint state parliaments. Later, the Mecklenburg District formed the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and the Wendish and Stargard District formed the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Güstrow . With the Hamburg settlement (1701) the Duchy of Güstrow was divided. The Wendish district came to Mecklenburg-Schwerin . The new sub-duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz arose from the Stargardian district, the Mirow and Nemerow commanderies and the principality of Ratzeburg , which is both geographically distant and different in constitutional law .
The Stargard circle included the Stargard rule , with the exception of the Lychen and Himmelpfort districts that were lost to Brandenburg in the late Middle Ages . These came from Pomerania to the Brandenburg margraves through the Treaty of Kremmen in 1236 and from them to Mecklenburg in 1302 , but fell to Brandenburg in 1442 through the Peace of Wittstock .
Seven cities belonged to the Stargardian Circle :
- Neubrandenburg
- Friedland
- Woldegk
- Stargard
- Strelitz
- Wesenberg
- Furstenberg .
In addition to the cabinet office, there were recently four domain offices (DA) in the Stargardian district :
- Amt Broda (dissolved around 1800)
- Bergfeld Office (dissolved around 1800)
- Feldberg Office
- Office Klein Nemerow (dissolved around 1800)
- Office Mirow
- Office Sponholz (dissolved around 1800)
- Stargard Office
- Office Strelitz
- Wanzka office (dissolved around 1800),
the district of Fürstenberg, as well as three knighthood offices (RA):
- Stargard Office
- Office Strelitz
- Fürstenberg Office.
Each district had a front town with a representative function for all towns in the district. For the Stargardischen Kreis this was Neubrandenburg. Neustrelitz , the residential town as the main princely residence of the partial duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, remained for a long time part of the domanium without municipal autonomy and had no land status.
Since the union of the estates of 1523, the circles have formed the framework for the organization of the estates in the constitution of the entire duchy, which was confirmed in the Land Constitutional Constitutional Comparison of 1755 and was in force until 1918. Since there were no estates in the Principality of Ratzeburg as secularized church property, the Stargardic Circle was the representation of Mecklenburg-Strelitz in the estates constitution. He provided one of the eight estates district administrators.
The hereditary office of the (hereditary) land marshal of the Stargardian district, linked to the estate of Pleetz near Friedland since the Middle Ages , was held by the von Hahn family from 1496 until the end of the monarchy . Deputy land marshals from other noble families were repeatedly commissioned with the administration.
Individual evidence
- ↑ The word circle is here not so much to be understood geographically as circle (area) , but as a corporate circle of subjects capable of state assembly (knighthood and cities).
- ^ Johann Ernst Fabri : Geography for all stands, Part 1, 5th volume. (Digitized version) Leipzig 1808, p. 828 (original in the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek , download from Google Books ). - The oldest town in this district was not Stargard (town charter 1256), but Friedland (town charter 1244).
- ↑ 3. Mecklenburg Land estates including knightly mansions and provincial towns , on: State Main Archive Schwerin: Online Find Books , accessed on March 22, 2017
- ^ Otto Vitense : History of Mecklenburg . Gotha, 1919. p. 184; Franz Boll : History of the country Stargard . Vol. 2. Neustrelitz, 1846. P. 128ff.
- ^ Wolf Karge, Peter-Joachim Rakow, Ralf Wendt: A millennium Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania: Biography of a north German region in individual representations. Rostock: Hinstorff 1995 ISBN 9783356006230 , p. 140.