Commandery Nemerow

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Tomb of Commander Ludwig von der Groeben
Ruin of the monastery barn

The Nemerow Commandery , previously Gardow Commandery, was a Commandery of the Order of St. John of the Brandenburg Ballei in Klein Nemerow in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , which was first mentioned in 1285 and existed until 1648. The original seat of the Commandery was Gardow, a now desolate settlement in the municipality of Wokuhl-Dabelow .

history

The lands around Nemerow were owned by the Broda Monastery in the 12th century . In the Treaty of Kremmen of June 20, 1236, Duke Wartislaw III , who lived in Demmin , had to . the countries of Stargard, Beseritz and Wustrow to the jointly ruling Brandenburg Margraves Johann I and Otto III. resign from the house of the Ascanians . The Margraves Otto and Albrecht of Brandenburg donated the village of Klein Nemerow (Wendisch Nemerow) to the Broda Monastery on April 10, 1273, and on March 13, 1285 the Brandenburg Margrave Albrecht III. Order of St. John the ownership of the village Gnewitz to the Commandery Gardow, later Nemerow. Gardow was a field mark between Godendorf and Comthurey , near the Great and Small Gadowsee, which was described as desolate in 1583 . In the course of time, this location lost more and more of its importance, especially when Commander Ulrich Swave bought the goods in Klein and Groß Nemerow for the order from Hermann von Warburg. The property was on May 15, 1298 by Margrave Albrecht III. approved. Very soon a priestly priory was established in Nemerow, as in Mirow, next to the commandery, which took on the religious duties of the order.

After the reign of Stargard changed to Mecklenburg, Prince Heinrich II gave the Commandery Nemerow the right of patronage over the parish church of St. Johannes to Lychen on January 30, 1302 . The Brandenburg Margrave Hermann von Brandenburg confirmed these rights in the same year. In this context, Gardow was named as part of Nemerow. The possessions of the initial equipment of the Nemerow commandery were directly connected to the goods of the Wanzka monastery .

At the beginning of the 14th century, the commandery consisted of Nemerow with Groß Nemerow and Klein Nemerow, Rowa and Staven and the areas around Gardow with Dabelow, Wokuhl, Gnewitz, Gudendorf and the Dreffin field. In the course of the 14th century the Commandery increased its property considerably. In its economic heyday, the Commandery owned eight villages with around 100 farmers and kossats.

The importance of the Commandery Nemerow in the Middle Ages also speaks that its commander, as respected persons, often appeared as witnesses in important notarizations and other political acts, in particular Ulrich Schwabe and Adolf von Schwalenberg, who still headed the commandery in 1355.

In the course of the 16th century, the dukes of Mecklenburg gained greater influence over the occupation of the commander and the appointment of commons during the course of the 16th century, with ongoing disputes with the army masters of Sonnenburg . In the middle of the 16th century there was a violent dispute over inheritance between the dukes of Mecklenburg Johann Albrecht I and Ulrich . The inheritance dispute was settled in 1556 with the Ruppin power ruling by the Brandenburg Elector Joachim II . But the Commandery, like the Mirow Commandery , was excluded from it and thus spared from secularization for the time being. But in 1552 Duke Johann Albrecht I installed his feudal man and court and war counselor Joachim von Holstein on Ankershagen as commander in Nemerow. He had himself clad in the order and the commandery was now secularized for the dukes.

In 1628 Wallenstein moved in the Nemerow Commandery. Two and a half years later his rule in Mecklenburg ended and the Swedish king Gustav II. Adolf gave the commandery to his colonel Melchior Wurmbrand in 1630 . This ceded it again in 1634, but the building and property of the Commandery had been completely ruined.

In 1648, with the Peace of Westphalia, the Commandery of the Güstrow line of the House of Mecklenburg was awarded. After their expiry and with the Hamburg hereditary settlement, the Commandery came to the new (partial) duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz in 1701 . There she formed an independent office until 1794, the last tenant of which was the governor Adolph Friedrich Quinckardt. Then Nemerow came to the Stargard office as a domain . Almost nothing is left of the Commandery's facilities.

Buildings

Of the monastery complex, only the surrounding walls of the monastery barn, which probably dates back to the 14th century (formerly incorrectly referred to as the "old church" ) on the steep bank of Lake Tollensee, are preserved today. Building evidence clearly shows that the medieval brick building was built as a farm building. The barn was located north of the convent house and, together with the building association on the edge of the Tollensee, formed the core of the economic sector of the Coming. In the early 1960s, the barn burned out completely.

The monastery church, also built in stone, was in a different place. From the monastery church, the structural remains of which were demolished in the early 18th century, only the corpse stone of Commander Ludwig von der Groeben, who was in office from 1593 to 1620, remained. Built into a brick frame, it stands today on the former farm yard in front of the former tenant house (now the inn) of Klein Nemerow.

The sandstone slab shows a knight in splendid armor in arched architecture. The St. John's Cross hangs on the chain of the sash and on the left side of the head it says: LVDEWIEG. V. THE COARSE COMPTOR. Next to the left edge of the collar there is also a cross of St. John on the coat of arms. The following inscription can be read on the narrow pillars and the arch: ANNO 1620 THE 20TH AUGUSTY, THE VOLUMNY NOBLE AND VERNVESTER HER LUDEWIG V. THE GROSS OF THE MALTHESIAN ORDER S. JOANNIS AND HOSPITALS TO HIERUSALEM KNIGHT COMMENDATOR IS NEVER ALSO SEARCHED 6 AM AND 7 AM AND ON EARTH CONFIRMED IN THE VELVET OF HIS AGE IN THE 42TH IS IHARE DERO SEHLEN GODT GNEDIGH.

Commander

Names and years indicate the verifiable mention.

Term of office Surname
1298-1318 Ulrich Schwabe (Swave)
1322 Georg von Kerkow
1337-1345 Hermann von Warberg
1349-1355 Adolf, Count of Schwalenberg
1356 Albert von Warberg
1358 Ulrich von Regenstein
1358-1365 Albert von Warberg (again)
1366-1369 Nikolaus von Lankow (Lankau)
1376 Heinrich from the pitcher
1392 Godeke (Goettke) von Bülow
1404-1407 Degenhard von Parsow
1433-1435 Peter von Mundt
1438 Nickel (Nickel) by Sack (Sagk)
1466-1468 Engelke von Warburg
1474 Joachim von Wagenschütz (Wagenschütte)
1480 Heinrich (Hinrik) von Beust (Bust)
1491-1495 Kurt von Jagow
1503-1506 Bernhard von Rohr
1506-1523 Otto von Sack
1523-1551 Aschwin von Cramm
1552-1572 Joachim of Holstein
1572-1574 Sedis vacancy
1574-1593 Georg von Ribbeck
1593-1620 Ludwig von der Groeben (1579–1620)
1621-1641 Count Heinrich Volrath von Stolberg
1641-1644 Sedis vacancy
1644-1646 Henning von Gristow
1645-1648 Sedis vacancy

Priors

  • 1339– 0000Gebhard von Goslar
  • 1392 - 0000Martin of the mountain

Brother priests

  • 0000- 0000Johannes von Holdenstedt (Holdenstede)
  • 0000- 0000Johannes von Rutenberg (Ruthenberch)
  • 1407 - 0000Johannes Goltsmid

Knight Brothers

  • 1369– 0000Henning von Helpte
  • 0000- 0000Gerhard Lubbin
  • 0000- 0000Klaus Luno
  • 0000- 0000Henning Picht
  • 0000–1392 Gert Went
  • 1392–1402 Jacob vom Sunde

Literature and Sources

literature

  • Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : History of the Johanniter-Comthureien Nemerow and Gardow. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Vol. 9 (1844), pp. 28-96. ( Full text , digitized version )
  • Georg Christian Friedrich Lisch : Collection of documents. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Vol. 9 (1844), pp. 247-313 [Mirow: pp. 249-288]. ( Full text , digitized version )
  • Erich Brückner: The Commandery's barn. In: Georg Krüger [Hrsg.]: Art and history monuments of the Free State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Vol. I.3. Neubrandenburg 1929. pp. 207-208.
  • Gottfried Wentz : The Order of St. John in the Diocese of Havelberg. Commanderies Mirow, Gardow and Nemerow. In the other: Germania sacra. Historical-statistical representation of the German dioceses, cathedral chapters, collegiate and parish churches, monasteries and other church institutes . Abt. 1, Vol. 2 (1933), pp. 368-398.
  • Wolfgang Huschner, Ernst Münch , Cornelia Neustadt, Wolfgang Eric Wagner: Mecklenburg monastery book. Handbook of the monasteries, monasteries, coming and priories (10th / 11th - 16th centuries). Rostock 2016, ISBN 978-3-356-01514-0 , pp. 542-578.

Printed sources

Unprinted sources

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lisch (1844), pp. 28-96, 249-288.
  2. ↑ Lisch (1844), pp. 249-288
  3. ↑ MUB XIII. (1884) No. 8122.
  4. ↑ Brückner (1929), pp. 207-208.
  5. ↑ Information from Wentz (1933), p. 385f. - In Lisch (1844) sometimes different years and different forms of names.
  6. ^ Wolfgang Huschner: Nemerow. Coming S. Jahannes the Baptist. In: Mecklenburg monastery book. Volume 1, 2016, p. 553.
  7. ↑ Lisch (1844) pp. 70-75.
  8. ↑ Wentz 1933, p. 387.
  9. ↑ Hacke 1783, p. 53.
  10. ↑ Lisch (1844) p. 33.
  11. ↑ MUB XXV A, No. 14305.
  12. ↑ Wentz 1933, p. 387.
  13. ↑ MUB XVI No. 9901.
  14. ↑ Hacke 1783, p. 53.
  15. ↑ Hacke 1783, p. 53.

Web links

Commons : Komturei Nemerow  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 53 ° 29 ′ 23.7 "  N , 13 ° 12 ′ 52.6"  E