Stephen J. Elledge

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Stephen Joseph Elledge (* 1956 ) is an American geneticist and cancer researcher and professor at Harvard Medical School in Cambridge , Massachusetts .

Elledge is considered one of the leading researchers in the field of regulation of the cell cycle and the cellular response to genotoxic stress.

Life

Elledge earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of Illinois in 1978 and a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). From 1984 he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University . He received his first junior professorship in biochemistry in 1989 at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston , Texas , and in 1995 a full professorship. After 14 years at Baylor College, Elledge moved to Harvard Medical School in Cambridge , Massachusetts in 2003 . Since the same year he has been researching at the Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston for the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI).

Act

CDK2

At Stanford, while working on homologous recombination in eukaryotes , Elledge accidentally discovered a family of genes that code for ribonucleotide reductases . He was able to show that these genes are activated by damage to the DNA . This activation can be used as a marker for the cell response to DNA damage. In Houston, he discovered the gene for CDK2 ( cyclin-dependent kinase 2 , cyclin-dependent kinase 2), an enzyme that regulates the transition from the G1 to the S phase in the cell cycle and plays an important role in tumorigenesis . Using a two-hybrid system that Elledge had developed, he and Wade Harper were able to identify several members of the CDK2 inhibitor family , including p21 and p57 . Mutations in p57 lead to Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome , a disorder with tall stature and increased tumors.

Elledge is known for his work on the effect of ubiquitin -mediated proteolysis on the proteome . He was able to identify F-box proteins that regulate protein breakdown in the cell by marking specific protein target sequences with ubiquitin, which is followed by proteasome breakdown . Ultimately, the family of ubiquitin could Cullin - ligases are described.

More recent work deals with genetic engineering studies of the mechanisms underlying the cellular recognition of DNA damage or cancer . Together with Gregory Hannon ( Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory ), Elledge has created libraries of mouse and human shRNA (short hairpin RNA ) . As a result, a number of tumor suppressors and proteins could be identified, the existence of which is dependent on the survival of tumor cells. This led to the concept of non -oncogenic addiction (NOA, non-oncogenic addiction).

Awards (selection)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present, Chapter E. (PDF; 477 kB) In: American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org). Retrieved May 16, 2019 .
  2. ↑ 2010 Dickson Prize Winner Stephen J. Elledge, PhD at dicksonprize.pitt.edu; Retrieved March 6, 2011
  3. ↑ https://genetics.med.harvard.edu/news/aifc-prize-2012-elledge
  4. ↑ Stephen Joseph Elledge PhD at the Gairdner Foundation (gairdner.org); accessed on May 16, 2019.
  5. ^ Wiley: The 14th Annual Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences Awarded for DNA Damage Response. In: eu.wiley.com. February 17, 2015, accessed February 21, 2015 .
personal data
SURNAME Elledge, Stephen J.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Elledge, Stephen; Elledge, Stephen Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American geneticist
DATE OF BIRTH 1956