Strohmberg
| Strohmberg Wósmužowa hora |
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| height | 264 m | |
| location | Saxony , Germany | |
| Mountains | Lusatian highlands | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 10 '38 " N , 14 ° 39' 13" E | |
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| rock | Nepheline basalt | |
The Strohmberg , Wósmužowa hora in Upper Sorbian , is a 264 m high mountain in the foreland of the Lusatian highlands in Saxony . The isolated double summit, declared a landscape protection area, is located two and a half kilometers south of the town of Weißenberg in Upper Lusatia .
geography
The wooded mountain is largely surrounded by Löbauer water in the east and north . Surrounding villages are Weißenberg in the north, Maltitz in the east, Nostitz in the southeast, Zschorna and Lauske in the southwest, Särka in the west and Kotitz in the northwest. The old trade route from Löbau to Weißenberg led past the eastern foot of the mountain .
From the Strohmberg, a landmark with 21.5 hectares of forest, which rises 75 m from the landscape, there is a wide panoramic view of the pond and heathland landscape in the north as well as the hill country as far as Bautzen , the Czorneboh chain , the Löbauer Berg , Rotstein , Landeskrone , Königshainer Berge and the Hohen Dubrau possible. Furthermore, when the visibility is good, the Giant Mountains can be seen in the southeast .
The summit of the Strohmberg served as a 2nd order station for the Royal Saxon Triangulation , the corresponding measuring point can still be found on the summit today. A high, three-legged wooden beacon erected exactly above the measuring point for better remote triangulation no longer exists today.
geology
The Strohmberg is a double summit made of nepheline basalt connected by a narrow ridge , which extends for one kilometer in a north-west-south-east direction. On its narrow side, it extends over 400 meters.
Several important scientists carried out excavations on the Strohmberg. Among them are Bernhard von Cotta , who carried out geological investigations in 1830. Further excavations were carried out in 1870 by Rudolf Virchow and in 1880 by Friedrich Senf. Hermann Schmidt carried out intensive investigations in 1899 and 1906.
The basalt of the mountain has been used as a building material since the 19th century. At its southern summit there are two disused, smaller quarries that have been operated by the Särka manor since at least 1836. A much larger fraction lies on the cadastre of Maltitz and Weißenberg at the northern foot of the mountain. This was recorded in 1900, and in 1906 the Krebs company built a gravel works. Amazing was the choice of location, because the sun burner is suitable only as an inferior construction aggregate. In 1919 the ballast works received a siding from the Löbau – Radibor railway line and it was connected to the quarry by a 250 m long field railway . The quarry operation had been inactive since 1921 and in 1923 the operation went bankrupt due to the effects of German inflation from 1914 to 1923 . The quarry operations were never resumed and the tracks were dismantled again in the 1920s.
fauna and Flora
The rich flora on the weathered soil was first examined at the end of the 18th century by the Moravian Brethren and mentioned in the Flora von Niesky (1797) and the Flora Kleinwelkiensis (1804). In 1961 and 1967 Theodor Schütze was able to identify 360 plant species on Strohmberg. In addition, the mountain has a variety of bird, butterfly and land snail species.
colonization
On the Strohmberg there was an old Slavic castle, which probably dates from the 11th century, with a summit castle made of dry stone walls and wooden buildings that were filled with earth. The wall on the south summit was largely destroyed by the rock mining, but previously u. a. investigated and described by Virchow and Richard Andree .
According to Andree, it was a crescent-shaped wall, about 100 meters in length, open to the east, sloping too flat inward and about one and a half to two meters high, but on the outside steep and up to three meters high. The crest of the dam had an average width of three meters. The wall consisted of the local basalt, which was subsequently slagged and thus solidified.
literature
- Between Strohmberg, Czorneboh and Kottmar (= values of our homeland . Volume 24). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1974.
- Werner Andert: On the geology of the Strohmberg. In: Sächsische Heimatblätter, issue 2/1967, pp. 81–83
- Gerhard Creutz: The bird world of the Strohmberg . In: Sächsische Heimatblätter Heft 3/1971, p. 132
- Alberg Geißler, Martin Lohmann: Agriculture and its soils in the Strohmberg area . In: Sächsische Heimatblätter, issue 2/1967, pp. 83–85
- Lutz Oberhofer: The Strohmberg in prehistoric times. In: Sächsische Heimatblätter Heft 3/1971, pp. 125–127
- Arnulf Sachße: Message about the small mammals on Strohmberg . In: Sächsische Heimatblätter Heft 3/1971, pp. 130-131
- Theodor Schütze: Vegetation and flora of the Strohmberg near Weißenberg . In: Sächsische Heimatblätter Issue 1/1967, pp. 25–36
Individual evidence
- ^ Richard Andree: Wendish wandering studies. To the customer of the Lausitz and the Sorbs turn. Stuttgart 1874, pp. 130f.
