Marsh hayweed
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Marsh hayweed ( Ludwigia palustris ) |
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| ( L. ) Elliott |
The marsh hayweed ( Ludwigia palustris ) is a species of the genus Heusenkräuter ( Ludwigia ) within the family of the evening primrose family (Onagraceae). It is widespread in Europe , North Africa , South Africa and North America .
description
The marsh hayweed is an annual to perennial herbaceous plant . The usually 10–50, rarely up to 75 centimeters long, creeping stalk is square, pale green, flooding in water or rooting at the nodes on land and often reddened. The leaves are opposite. The thick leaf blade is elliptical to ovoid, pointed, dark green to pale reddish green and shiny with a length of 2 centimeters. The small stipules are wart-like.
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Flowering period June to August. The flowers are in the leaf axils. The flowers are four-fold. The axle cup has four yellowish green vertical stripes with corked spaces. There are four sepals and four green stamens , but petals are absent.
The 5 mm long capsule fruit is square.
The species has chromosome number 2n = 16.
Occurrence
The marsh hayweed is a sub-Mediterranean floral element . The marsh hayweed is common in Europe , North Africa , South Africa and North America . In Central Europe , marsh hayweed occurs sporadically in the Upper Rhine Plain between Freiburg and Rastatt , as well as in Brandenburg , Saxony-Anhalt and at the foot of the Alps .
The marsh hayweed thrives best on lime-poor , but nutrient - and particularly nitrogen-rich muddy soil or shallow, warm water above such soils . It settled shallow pools , ponds and ditches , but also deals with cattle grazing nearby farms ; it also grows less frequently in sedge meadows . In Central Europe it is an association type of the Nanocyperion association; the species also occurs in societies of the Bidention or the Littorelletea.
The marsh hayweed has recently lost most of its originally rare locations in Central Europe, primarily because swampy pastures have been drained, the edges of ponds cleared away and pig pastures have been given up. According to the Red List, the species is threatened with extinction throughout Germany (Category 1); it is already extinct in Schleswig-Holstein, Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Hesse, Saxony and Rhineland-Palatinate. According to a risk analysis from 2000, it is also threatened with extinction in Central Europe as a whole.
Taxonomy
A synonym of Ludwigia palustris ( L. ) Elliott is Isnardia palustris L. Another common name Swamp Spoon . When crossing with Ludwigia repens is Broad Bastardludwigie known.
literature
- Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold: The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
- Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline. Founded by Werner Rothmaler . 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
- Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 3: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Rosidae): Droseraceae to Fabaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3314-8 .
- Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. 2nd Edition. Volume 3. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
Web links
- Marsh hayweed. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Distribution map for Germany. In: Floraweb .
- Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliott, map for distribution in Switzerland In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora .
- Distribution in the Netherlands [1] (Dutch)
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
- Wanted poster with photos.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 681-682 .
- ↑ Overview of the Red Lists at Floraweb
- ↑ Erik Welk: Geographic analysis and assessment of the relevance for protection of rare and endangered vascular plants in Germany. Dissertation; Halle-Wittenberg 2000. download . Table in Appendix 9.
- ↑ Christel Kasselmann : aquarium plants. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1995; 2nd, revised and expanded edition 1999, ISBN 3-8001-7454-5 , p. 351 f.