Tamanrasset

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تمنراست(Tamanrāssat)
ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⵖⴰⵙⴻⵜ (Tamanɣaset)
Tamanrasset
Tamanrasset (Algeria)
Red pog.svg
Coordinates 22 ° 47 '  N , 5 ° 31'  E Coordinates: 22 ° 47 '  N , 5 ° 31'  E
Basic data
Country Algeria

province

Tamanrasset
height 1400 m
surface 39,007 km²
Residents 92,635 (2008)
density 2.4  Ew. / km²
Website www.tamanrasset.net (FR)
Tamanrasset Airport
Tamanrasset Airport
Tamanrasset cattle market

Tamanrasset ( Arabic تمنراست, DMG Tamanrāssat , Tuareg ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⵖⴰⵙⴻⵜ Tamanɣaset , colloquially Tam ) is the largest oasis in southern Algeria and, as a municipality with around 93,000 inhabitants, the capital of the Tamanrasset province .

Location, associated localities, population

Tamanrasset is about 1400 meters above sea level on the edge of the Ahaggar Mountains .

In addition to the main town Tamanrasset, the municipality also consists of the villages Amsel, Oukou, Tit, Assekrem , Tahifet, Tarhenanet, Tagmart, Talan Teidit, Efak, Ihelfène, Taghahaouhaout, In Dalag and Izernène .

The Tuareg form the largest population group. These still live scattered, while business life in the city is largely shaped by immigrant Arabs and Mozabites from the north.

history

The Tamanrasset oasis served as a caravan base even before the first Europeans arrived. Around 1885 the Tuareg of Haratin , who moved through this region and brought them here for this work, had gardens laid out. The result was a permanent settlement, which in 1910 already had 40 brick houses.

During the French colonial period , a unit of French camel riders was moved from Fort Motylinski , named after Adolphe de Calassanti Motylinski, the researcher of the Berber languages , to Tamanrasset in 1919 . There the soldiers built a fort, which they named Fort Laperrine in honor of a general of the camel riders . The steadily growing settlement around the fort bore this name until Algerian independence in 1962. In that year Tamanrasset already had an estimated 3000 inhabitants.

When the province of Tamanrasset (Wilāyat Tamanrāsat) was created in 1974, the eponymous city became the provincial capital. Until 1978, the 1000 km long road through the Ahaggar , which connects Tamanrasset with the northern parts of Algeria, was paved. Since then Tamanrasset has been easily accessible.

According to media reports, Tamanrasset is “one of the most important distribution centers for migrants on their way to Europe”.

Transport and infrastructure

Tamanrasset is now an important logistics center for the Trans-Saharan traffic between Algeria and Niger . It is located on the Trans- Saharan Route Algiers - In Salah - Tamanrasset - Agadez , part of the Algiers-Lagos Highway , which is part of the Trans-African Highways . The city has the best supply options in the region, several car workshops and an airport.

The headquarters of the Sahara military region of the Algerian army is located in Tamanrasset .

tourism

Sahara tourism is also very important for the city. It is a popular starting point for excursions to the neighboring Ahaggar Mountains , where the Hermitage of Charles de Foucauld is particularly popular.

A local attraction is the mausoleum of the Tuareg prince Moussa ag Amastan in the east of the city.

climate

Due to the altitude, the oasis has a relatively temperate climate for the Sahara . The average annual rainfall is 46 mm (more than in other desert cities like In Salah ), spread over 16 rainy days. The average maximum temperature is 28.5 ° C and the average minimum temperature is 14 ° C.

Tamanrasset
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
1
 
20th
4th
 
 
1
 
22nd
6th
 
 
0
 
25th
10
 
 
3
 
30th
14th
 
 
3
 
33
18th
 
 
7th
 
35
21st
 
 
3
 
35
22nd
 
 
13
 
34
21st
 
 
12
 
33
20th
 
 
4th
 
30th
16
 
 
4th
 
25th
11
 
 
3
 
21st
6th
Temperature in ° Cprecipitation in mm
Source: wetterkontor.de
Monthly average temperatures and rainfall for Tamanrasset
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 19.8 22.3 25.4 29.5 32.8 35.2 34.9 34.3 32.7 29.5 25.2 20.9 O 28.6
Min. Temperature (° C) 4.2 5.5 9.6 13.7 17.7 21.3 21.7 21.2 19.6 15.5 10.9 6.2 O 14th
Precipitation ( mm ) 1 1 0 3 3 7th 3 13 12 4th 4th 3 Σ 54
Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 9.6 9.5 10.4 10.9 10.6 10.2 11.5 10.7 9.6 10.0 9.4 8.6 O 10.1
Rainy days ( d ) 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 Σ 3
Humidity ( % ) 27 27 23 24 25th 22nd 20th 24 26th 30th 31 30th O 25.7
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
19.8
4.2
22.3
5.5
25.4
9.6
29.5
13.7
32.8
17.7
35.2
21.3
34.9
21.7
34.3
21.2
32.7
19.6
29.5
15.5
25.2
10.9
20.9
6.2
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g
1
1
0
3
3
7th
3
13
12
4th
4th
3
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: wetterkontor.de

Web links

Commons : Tamanrasset  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Office national des statistiques (Algérie): Wilaya de Tamanrasset: répartition de la population résidente des ménages ordinaires et collectifs, selon la commune de résidence et la dispersion (2008). Retrieved January 7, 2015
  2. Journal officiel de la République Algérienne, December 19, 1984: Décret n ° 84-365, fixant la composition, la consistance et les limites territoriale des communes.
  3. ^ A b c François Gallice: Tamanrasset today . In: In the middle of the world. Charles de Foucauld today , ISSN  0176-7577 , vol. 54 (2016), issue 205, pp. 26–31, here p. 26.
  4. ^ François Gallice: Tamanrasset today . In: In the middle of the world. Charles de Foucauld today , vol. 54 (2016), issue 205, pp. 26–31, here p. 27.
  5. Hans-Christian Rößler: Umschlagplatz für Migranten - Merkel visits Algeria for the second time , in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung February 20, 2017, page 3 (Merkel's visit was canceled at short notice)
  6. ^ Escape from Black Africa The Forgotten of the Sahara (Stranded in Tamanrasset), in: Der Spiegel Online June 26, 2012