Japanese yew

Japanese yew
	Japanese yew ( Taxus cuspidata )
Systematics
Subdivision :	Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class :	Coniferopsida
Order :	Conifers (Coniferales)
Family :	Yew family (Taxaceae)
Genre :	Yew trees ( Taxus )
Type :	Japanese yew
Scientific name
	Taxus cuspidata
	Sieve. & Zucc.

The Japanese yew ( Taxus cuspidata ) is a plant from the genus of yew ( Taxus ) in the family of yew plants (Taxaceae). Usually only cultivated forms are used as ornamental plants .

description

illustration

Branch with needles and aril

bark

Vegetative characteristics

The Japanese yew grows in its home as a pyramidal, evergreen tree that reaches heights of up to 16 meters. The varieties that are used as ornamental plants in Europe grow as a shrub .

The very rigid and thorn-pointed needles stick out sideways, are 1.5 to 3.5 centimeters long and 2 to 3 millimeters wide. The needles are arranged in a spiral on the branch - in the nominate shape the needles appear to be arranged in two rows.

Generative characteristics

The Japanese yew is mostly dioecious, separate sexes ( diocesan ). Each seed is surrounded by a bright red seed coat ( aril ); the seeds are in clusters and are 7 to 8 millimeters in size.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.

Systematics

The first description of Taxus cuspidata was made in 1846 by Philipp Franz von Siebold and Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini in treatises of Mathematics and Physics Classe Royal Bavarian Academy of Sciences , Volume 4, 3, page 232, table third

Of Taxus cuspidata are depending on the author two or three varieties:

Taxus cuspidata sieve. & Zucc. var. cuspidata (Syn .: Cephalotaxus umbraculifera Sieb. ex Endl. , Taxus baccata var. microcarpa Trautv. , Taxus baccata var. cuspidata (Sieb. & Zucc.) Carr. , Taxus cuspidata var. microcarpa (Trautv.) Kolesn. , Taxus cuspidata var. Umbraculifera (Sieb. Ex Endl.) Makino , Taxus cuspidata var. Latifolia (Pilg.) Nakai ): It occurs in the Chinese provinces of Heilongjiang , eastern Jilin , Liaoning , Shaanxi , in Korea , Japan ( Hokkaido , Honshu, Kyushu , Shikoku ), on the Kuril Islands and in Russia's Far East in the Primorye region and Sakhalin .
Taxus cuspidata var. Nana Rehder (Syn .: Taxus cuspidata f. Nana (Rehder) EHWilson ): It grows as a dwarf shrub and its needles do not give the impression of being arranged in two rows. Little is known about this variety. It occurs in Russia's Far East (Primorye and Sakhalin region) and on the Japanese island of Honshu .

The following is not generally recognized:

Taxus cuspidata var. Luteobaccata Miyabe & Tatew. . Some authors place it in relation to Taxus cuspidata var. Cuspidata .

Intersections

Bechreibe ( Taxus × media Rehder = Taxus baccata × Taxus cuspidata ): It originated in culture.
Taxus × hunnewelliana Rehder = Taxus cuspidata × Taxus canadensis : It originated in culture.

swell

Christopher J. Earle: Taxus cuspidata. In: The Gymnosperm Database. December 12, 2010, accessed October 25, 2011 .
Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Robert R. Mill: Taxaceae. : Taxus cuspidata Siebold & Zuccarini , p. 91 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 .

Individual evidence

↑ Japanese yew at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
↑ Japanese yew at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed on May 4, 2019.
^ Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Robert R. Mill: Taxaceae. : Taxus cuspidata Siebold & Zuccarini , p. 91 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 .
↑ Taxus cuspidata in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.1. Listed by: T. Katsuki, D. Luscombe, 2010. Retrieved May 4, 2019.
↑ Taxus cuspidata var. Nana in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.1. Listed by: T. Katsuki, D. Luscombe, 2010. Retrieved May 4, 2019.

Web links

Commons : Japanese yew ( Taxus cuspidata ) - album with pictures, videos and audio files

[IPCN-1] Japanese yew at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

[Tropicos-2] Japanese yew at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed on May 4, 2019.

[FoC-3] Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Robert R. Mill: Taxaceae. : Taxus cuspidata Siebold & Zuccarini , p. 91 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (ed.): Flora of China. Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 .

[IUCNcuspidata-4] Taxus cuspidata in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.1. Listed by: T. Katsuki, D. Luscombe, 2010. Retrieved May 4, 2019.

[IUCNnana-5] Taxus cuspidata var. Nana in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019.1. Listed by: T. Katsuki, D. Luscombe, 2010. Retrieved May 4, 2019.