Theodor Schreier

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Memorial plaque for Theodor and Anna Schreier

Theodor Schreier ( December 9, 1873 in Vienna - January 22, 1943 in the Theresienstadt concentration camp ) was an Austrian architect . He and his wife Anna were victims of the Holocaust .

life and work

Theodor Schreier was the son of the businessman Moritz Schreier (1844–1922) and his wife Regina geb. Oehler (1837-1905). His father came from Gewitsch in Moravia, his mother from Pressburg . The Schreiers were a Jewish family. Theodor had four brothers, Berthold, Rudolf, Alois, Max, and a sister, Marie. He attended secondary school and then studied architecture at the Technical University from 1891 to 1896in Vienna. In the last two years of study he received the mayor's scholarship and graduated with honors in 1897. He did his military service in various military construction departments in Vienna, Krakow and Sarajevo. He married Anna geb. Turnau, born on September 17, 1878 in Kolin. The couple had a son, Otto Schreier , born in Vienna in 1901. From 1899 to 1906, Theodor Schreier was a partner in the architectural office of Ernst Lindner and Theodor Schreier and participated in tenders with his partner. Then he set up his own office and took on public sector contracts.

Elevation of the synagogue of St. Pölten (north facade, 1912)

His main work is the synagogue of St. Pölten , built in 1912 and 1913, planned together with Viktor Postelberg . The two architects were invited to the competition in 1911, had won it and were awarded the contract. The design is essentially based on the competition entry for the Synagogue of Trieste, in which Schreier and Lindner won second place. The Austrian Biographical Lexicon writes: "The building combines classicist façade design with a neo-baroque central dome and is probably one of the most important synagogue buildings in Austria."

At the height of its success, the First World War broke out. Schreier took on a role in the military construction command. In the inter-war years, he was the director of the technical office of the Austrian Creditanstalt for Trade and Commerce .

His son graduated from the Döblinger grammar school . He graduated from high school in July 1919 and then studied mathematics at the University of Vienna . Immediately after completing his doctorate, he was offered a position at the Mathematical Seminar at the University of Hamburg , where he taught as an assistant professor and prepared for his habilitation. Habilitated in 1926, he received a professorship in Rostock in 1928. The Austrian mathematicians Emil Artin and Karl Menger were among his friends and colleagues . In 1928 he married Edith geb. Jakoby, became seriously ill in the same year and died on June 2, 1929 from the effects of sepsis in Hamburg. His widow was pregnant at the time, their daughter Irene was born on July 1, 1929. Mother and child were able to emigrate to the USA in January 1939. There Edith Schreier married the emigrant Oswald Jonas (1897–1978), also from Austria , a musicologist. Theodor Schreier's granddaughter became a pianist and in October 1959 married the American mathematician Dana Scott (born 1932), whom she had met in Princeton.

Theodor Schreier was already retiring when the National Socialists imposed professional bans on Jews and other politically unpopular people. The couple was evicted from their own apartment and taken to a collective apartment at Lichtenauergasse 7/8 in Leopoldstadt . From there both were deported from Vienna to Theresienstadt on October 10, 1942 with Transport IV / 13. They had the transport numbers 207 and 208. His wife died two weeks after arrival. Theodor Schreier was able to survive three months in the concentration camp, plagued by hunger, cold and poor hygiene. He died there on January 22nd, 1943. The doctors there named intestinal catarrh and, in his case, meningitis as the cause of death for his wife .

Three of his brothers, Alois, Maximilian and Berthold were also murdered by the Nazi regime.

Buildings (selection)

  • 1899: Cholera Emergency Hospital in Krakow
  • 1903: Villa in Vienna- Döbling
  • 1904: Residence of the corps commander in Sibiu
  • 1905: Office and residential building of the Israelite religious community in Bielsko-Biała
  • 1906: Talmud Torah School , Malzgasse 16, Vienna II. (Together with Isidor Giesskann)
  • 1907: Country house in Hadersdorf-Weidlingau , Vienna XIV.
  • 1907: Elementary and community school in Skoczów

Commemoration

The synagogue of St. Pölten was placed under monument protection in the 1980s and subsequently extensively restored. The Art Nouveau glazing could not be reconstructed.

On January 27, 2014, a memorial plaque was unveiled at Stinglgasse 11 in Vienna- Penzing . The celebration was organized by the Concentration Camp Association , and District Manager Andrea Kalchbrenner, Evelina Merhaut from the National Fund and Jan Braun spoke . The Via Lentia choir, the school choir of BRG 14 Linzer Straße, sang .

Individual evidence

  1. a b MacTutor History of Mathematics archive: Otto Schreier , accessed on October 7, 2018
  2. Irene Schreier Scott on her stepfather Oswald Jonas, 1897–1978, in: Schenker, Heinrich, 1868-1935 , snac, accessed on October 7, 2018
  3. holocaust.cz: SCHREIER ANNA: TODESFALLANZEIGE, GHETTO THERESIENSTADT , accessed on October 8, 2018
  4. holocaust.cz: SCHREIER THEODOR: OZNÁMENÍ O ÚMRTÍ, GHETTO TEREZÍN , accessed on October 8, 2018
  5. ^ Institute for Jewish History in Austria : Former Synagogue , accessed on October 7, 2018
  6. Documentation archive of the Austrian resistance : Gedenken an Theodor Schreier (1873-1943) , accessed on October 7, 2018

Web links

Commons : Theodor Schreier  - Collection of Images