Jevíčko
| Jevíčko | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Pardubický kraj | ||||
| District : | Svitavy | ||||
| Area : | 2325 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 38 ' N , 16 ° 43' E | ||||
| Height: | 366 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 2,841 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 569 43 | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Boskovice - Moravská Třebová | ||||
| Railway connection: | Chornice – Skalice nad Svitavou | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 2 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Roman Müller (as of 2008) | ||||
| Address: | Palackého nám. 1 569 43 Jevíčko |
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| Municipality number: | 578193 | ||||
| Website : | www.jevicko.cz | ||||
Jevíčko (German Gewitsch ) is a city in the Czech Republic . It is located 16 kilometers north of Boskovice and belongs to the Okres Svitavy .
geography
Jevíčko is the center of the Malá Haná ( Little Hanna ) called northern part of the Boskowitz furrow at the foot of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands . The city is located on Malonínský potok above its confluence with the Jevíčka. The Kumperk ( Kohlberg , 564 m) rises to the west . The railway line from Česká Třebová to Boskovice passes in the east. The train station is located one and a half kilometers outside the city, halfway to Jaroměřice .
Neighboring towns are Víska u Jevíčka in the north, Chornice and Biskupice in the north-east, Zálesí and Jaroměřice in the east, Nový Dvůr in the south-east, Uhřice in the south, Velké Opatovice in the south-west, Smolná and Bělá u Jevíčka in the west and Zadní Arnoštov in the north-west.
history
The settlement on the Polish Road from Prague via Olomouc to Kraków was first mentioned in 1145. In 1258, Ottokar II. Přemysl gave the place city rights under Magdeburg law . At the same time, Jevíčko became the seat of a royal bailiff and 13 villages were placed under municipal jurisdiction. Further privileges since the city elevation included the mileage right and the freedom from customs duties. Between 1253 and 1272 the monastery of the Augustinian hermits was built.
At the beginning of the 15th century, Jevíčko was pledged several times. In 1415 the city bought itself free. During the Hussite Wars in 1423 and 1429 the town and the monastery were looted. In 1431 Andreas Prokop conquered the city again and then held it as a Hussite bulwark.
In 1454 Boček von Kunstadt acquired the town and built a fortress. In 1499, the Jevíčko estate became the hereditary property of Haugwitz von Biskupitz. In the 16th century the Reformation arrived and by the middle of the century the whole city became Protestant. At that time the town belonged to the Podstatský of Prusinovice . In 1559, Prokop Podstatský began to convert the fortress into a Renaissance chateau, which was completed twenty years later under his son Dietrich.
Since 1621 there was also a Jewish community in Jevíčko, which in 1659 had a synagogue built. After Albrecht von Waldstein had taken power in the Thirty Years War, the re-Catholicization began. From 1730, Countess Maria Franziska von Liechtenstein had the palace redesigned in Baroque style. In 1797 the city acquired the castle.
In the middle of the 19th century the Jewish community reached its largest number of members. In 1848 about 980 Jews lived in Gewitsch, by 1910 their number had fallen to just over 200. In 1890 the city had 2530 inhabitants, including a German minority of 382 people. Between 1940 and 1942 construction work for the Reichsautobahn Vienna – Wroclaw took place west of Gewitsch .
Community structure
The town of Jevíčko consists of the districts Jevíčko ( Gewitsch ) and Zadní Arnoštov ( Hinter Ehrnsdorf ) as well as the settlements Lípa ( Langendon ) and Mařín ( Mariendorf ).
Attractions
- The city center of Jevíčko is considered to be one of the ideal images of a medieval city plan. The oval, which was surrounded by a partially preserved city wall, had four city gates and was laid out with regular streets around a square market with an area of 14,850 m²
- City tower, its height of 50 m, it was given when it was added in 1593
- city wall
- Church of the Assumption of Mary, built 1762–1766 according to plans by the Boskovice master builder Paul Merta
- Former synagogue , built between 1792 and 1794
- Church of St. Bartholomew northwest of the city; the Gothic church, which is surrounded by a small cemetery, was the place of worship in the village of Ursedel, which was extinct between the 12th and 13th centuries. After the fire of 1936 the church was rebuilt.
- Jevíčko Castle, the renaissance castle built in 1559 for Prokop and Dietrich Podstatský von Prusinovice in place of the old fortress, got its present appearance during the renovation in 1730.
- Route and bridges of the unfinished Vienna – Wroclaw Reichsautobahn
sons and daughters of the town
- Richard Fall (1882–1945), Austrian composer and conductor
