Březiny
| Březiny | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Pardubický kraj | ||||
| District : | Svitavy | ||||
| Area : | 720 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 41 ' N , 16 ° 7' E | ||||
| Height: | 605 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 141 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 569 95 - 572 01 | ||||
| License plate : | E. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Křižánky - Telecí | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Tomáš Dudek (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Březiny 32 572 01 Polička |
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| Municipality number: | 577898 | ||||
| Website : | www.breziny.net | ||||
Březiny (German Brzezina , 1939–45 Birkicht ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic. It is located eleven kilometers west of Polička and belongs to the Okres Svitavy .
geography
The scattered settlement Březiny is located in the southeast of the Saar mountains . The place extends on the slopes on the left side of the Svratka . The Rybenské Perníčky (748 m) rise to the north, the Hatě (655 m) to the southeast, the Vysoký kopec (806 m) to the south, the Čtyří Palice (732 m) and Milovské Perníčky (732 m) to the west, and the Zkamenělý zámek to the north-west (775 m) and Bubnovaný Kopec (780 m). The settlement belonging to Bohemia is located immediately north of the historical border with Moravia formed by the course of the Svratka .
Neighboring towns are Damašek in the north, Pustá Rybná and Landráty in the Northeast, svety, Maděra and Telecí in the east, Krasne and Mrhov the southeast, Daňkovice , Zálesí and Podlesí in the south, České Milovy in the southwest, Křižánky the west and Česká Cikánka , Moravská Cikánka and Karlštejn in the northwest.
history
The place belonging to the Bohemian rule Richenburg was established in the 17th century. Old traditions report that during the Thirty Years' War the inhabitants of the surrounding villages fled from the Swedes into the swampy and inaccessible area and hid here. They planted fields on the fields cut in various places in the woods. Other sources indicate that Protestants sought refuge in the remote forests after the Battle of White Mountain . A village structure was not created. On the opposite Moravian bank was the village of Bezděkov, which was burned down by the Swedes or during the Turkish invasions. It was no longer rebuilt and its hallways were reforested.
In 1696 Messrs. Berka von Dubá and Lipá founded a stately glassworks in Brzezina. The Brzezina settlement was first mentioned in writing in 1702. The Berkahütte had its heyday between 1750 and 1800, when it became known for its flat, painted or polished bottles. At that time there were three iron hammers in Brzezina, one of which was on the Moravian side of the Svratka. In addition, the residents made a living from logging and charcoal burning for the hammer mills. In the 19th century, all three hammers went out, the need for charcoal could no longer be met due to the increasing deforestation of the deciduous forests.
After the abolition of patrimonial Březiny 1850 formed a municipality in the political district of Polička . In 1896 715 people lived in the village. Around 1900, most of the town's residents made a living from agriculture. In the winter months they worked in the forest and processed flax into linen that they sold in Borová . In the 1930s, Březiny had 574 inhabitants, including the 180 Slovaks who helped the forests to clean up the consequences of the snowfall disaster of October 26th and 27th, 1930. In the 1950s and 1960s there was a sharp decline in the number of inhabitants due to emigration. In 1961 the place came to Okres Svitavy .
Personalities
- Josef Václav Justin Michl (1810–1862), pseudonym Drašar , the priest and writer lived the end of his life in a small chaluppe in Březiny and is buried in the local cemetery. In her novel "Drašar", Teréza Nováková describes the tragic story of Michl, who felt that he was a teacher at the Piarist College in Pest and who moved to Březiny. Here he fell in love with Josefa Maděrová, who died giving birth to his daughter.
Attractions
- Natural reserves Milovské Perníčky, Rybenské Perníčky, Zkamenělý zámek and Čtyří Palice
- Protected Luňáček linden (Luňáčkova lípa), the 300–500-year-old winter linden tree has a trunk circumference of 6 m and is 30 m high.
- So-called Falze, four-sided courtyards in block construction from the time of German colonization
- Chapel of St. Rochus
- Drašar lime tree (Drašarova lípa), next to the chaluppe on the edge of the settlement where Drašar spent the end of his life
- Memorial plaque for Drašar in the cemetery
