Thomas Edward Penard

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Thomas Edward Penard (1878-1938)

Thomas Edward Penard (born May 7, 1878 in Paramaribo , Suriname , † October 27, 1936 in Cambridge , Massachusetts ) was a Surinamese -American electrical engineer and ornithologist .

Live and act

Penard was the second son of the merchant Frederik Paul Penard (1834 – ca. 1908) and Philippina (1850–1926) born. Solomons who he married in 1875. His brothers Frederik Paul Penard (1876–1909) and Arthur Philip Penard (1880–1932) were also ornithologists and wrote the two-volume work De Vogels van Guyana . Thomas Edward came to the United States at the age of thirteen and attended Everett Public School . In 1896 he moved to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , which he graduated in 1900 with a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering. He began his first job as a design engineer with the Edison Electric Illuminating Company in Boston , with which he remained associated throughout his life. In 1931 he was deputy head of the plant engineering department. He helped as an instructor at the Northeastern University evening school and was dean of the evening school there for some time. In 1905 he married Sabrina Grant, with whom he had a son named Frederick.

Ornithology

Penard had an early interest in bird life and built a collection of Surinamese birds. Nevertheless, it was not until 1918 that he published his first taxonomic article on the ornis of tropical America and especially Surinam. Even if he had never received formal training in ornithological systematics , he quickly recognized the principles of taxonomy with the help of his mentor Outram Bangs (1863–1932). Between 1918 and 1927, often together with Bangs, he published over 30 ornithological articles. In addition, he visited his old home Surinam for several months and expanded his collection by around 2,000 bellows. In 1919 he became an elected member of the American Ornithologists' Union ( AOU ). His work and health led him to finally abandon his collaboration with Bangs and his ornithological work. In 1930 he sold his collection to the Museum of Comparative Zoology . Even if he did not publish any more, he did not lose interest in ornithology and continued researching in this area, if his time allowed. Posthumously published from Penard a biography of the ornithologist Frederic de Lafresnaye about until then, despite his numerous Publikationenen was little known.

Folklore and other interests

In addition to ornithology, Penard also studied the folklore of Surinam. Together with his brother Arthur Philip, he published several articles in the Journal of American Folklore and De West Indische Gids between 1917 and 1929 . Another area of ​​interest Penard was philately . He also acquired an enormous library of science books, which also contained some very rare works. Penard owned a valuable collection of Surinamese objects. The library was isolated after his death.

Memberships

Penard was a member of the Freemasons Mount Lebanon Lodge of Masons , the American Institute of Electrical Engineers , the Boston Engineers' Club, and several philatelic societies. In addition to the AOU, he was associated with the Nuttall Ornithological Club , New England Zoölogical Club and the Boston Society of Natural History .

Dedication names

Outram Bangs and Thomas Barbour dedicated Jacamerops aureus penardi , a subspecies of the giant glossy bird , to him in 1922 . To whom Picumnus penardi , a synonym for Picumnus exilis buffonii Lafresnaye , 1845, is dedicated cannot be clearly answered. The type specimen was sent by one of the Penard brothers to Philip Lutley Sclater for analysis, who tagged it with this name and sent it back. Sclater himself never published the name and probably later realized that it was a synonym. It is very likely dedicated to Arthur Philip Penard , who collected the hide. Also Poecilotriccus fumifrons penardi , a subspecies of the gray forehead Todityranns that Carl Eduard Hellmayr described in 1905, has no clear dedication, but the bellows in the same period was Picumnus penardi collected.

Fonts (selection)

  • Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) at Barnstable, Mass. In: The Auk . tape 35 , no. 1 , 1918, p. 80–81 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 118 kB ]).
  • with Outram Bangs: Notes on a collection of Surinam birds . In: Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology . tape 62 , no. 117 , 1918, pp. 25-93 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Remarks on Beebe's 'Tropical Wild Life.' In: The Auk . tape 36 , no. 2 , 1919, p. 217–225 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 487 kB ]).
  • Revision of the genus Buthraupis Cabanis . In: The Auk . tape 36 , no. 4 , 1919, pp. 536-540 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 213 kB ]).
  • Sarkidiornis Sylvicola in British Guiana . In: The Auk . tape 36 , no. 4 , 1919, pp. 564 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 62 kB ]).
  • The Name of the Black Cuckoo . In: The Auk . tape 36 , no. 4 , 1919, pp. 569-570 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 116 kB ]).
  • with Outram Bangs: Some critical notes on birds . In: Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology . tape 63 , no. 2 , 1919, p. 21-40 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Some untenable names in ornithology . In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 7 , 1919, pp. 21-22 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: The name of the Common Jungle Fowl . In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 7 , 1919, pp. 23-25 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: The Proper Name of the West African Serin . In: The Auk . tape 37 , no. 2 , 1920, p. 300–301 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 109 kB ]).
  • with Outram Bangs: Notes on some American birds, chiefly neotropical . In: Bulletin of The Museum of Comparative Zoology . tape 64 , no. 4 , 1921, pp. 365-397 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: Lophctriccus versus Cometornis . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 34 , 1921, pp. 78 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: A new name for Pachyramphusp olychoptera costaricensis Chubb. In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 34 , 1921, pp. 78 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: Descriptions of six new subspecies of American birds . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 34 , 1921, pp. 89-92 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: The Name of the Eastern Hermit Thrush . In: The Auk . tape 38 , no. 3 , 1921, pp. 432–434 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 142 kB ]).
  • with Outram Bangs: A new form of Edolius forficatus (Linné). In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 8 , 1922, pp. 25-26 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: The northern form of Leptotila fulviventris Lawrence . In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 8 , 1922, pp. 29-30 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: The type of Pachyramphus polychopterus (Vieillot) . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 35 , 1922, pp. 225 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: A new name for the Rufous-chested Flycatcher . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 35 , 1922, pp. 225 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: The identity of Hylophilus leucophrys Lafresnaye . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 35 , 1922, pp. 226 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: Two new forms of Surinam birds . In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 8 , 1923, pp. 35-36 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: A new bulbul from Fukien, China . In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 8 , 1923, pp. 41-42 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: A new Merops from Java . In: Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club . tape 8 , 1923, pp. 43 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Status of Spermophila schistaeca Lawrence . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 36 , 1923, pp. 59-62 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • A new flycatcher from Suriname . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 36 , 1923, pp. 63-64 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • A new tanager from Suriname. In: Occasional papers of the Boston Society of Natural History . tape 5 , 1923, pp. 63 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: The identity of Trochilus ruckeri Bourcier . In: Occasional papers of the Boston Society of Natural History . tape 5 , 1924, pp. 77-78 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Nesting of Great Blue Heron in Boothbay, Maine . In: The Auk . tape 42 , no. 1 , 1924, p. 128 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 63 kB ]).
  • with Outram Bangs: A new Blue Water-Thrush from China . In: Occasional papers of the Boston Society of Natural History . tape 5 , 1925, pp. 147 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • with Outram Bangs: The Henry Bryant types of birds . In: Bulletin of The Museum of Comparative Zoology . tape 67 , no. 3 , 1925, p. 197-207 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Warblers at sea . In: The Auk . tape 43 , no. 3 , 1926, pp. 376–377 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 103 kB ]).
  • Reviewed Work: A topographical description of the Dutch Colony of Surinam. Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society, Vol. I (first series) by George Henry Apthorp . In: De West-Indische Gids . tape 7 , 1926, pp. 43-48 , JSTOR : 41845952 .
  • with Arthur Philip Penard: Negro Riddles from Surinam . In: De West-Indische Gids . tape 7 , 1926, pp. 411-432 , JSTOR : 41845989 .
  • with Arthur Philip Penard: Four arawak indian songs . In: De West-Indische Gids . tape 7 , 1926, pp. 497-500 , JSTOR : 41845997 .
  • with Arthur Philip Penard: Birdcatching in Surinam . In: De West-Indische Gids . tape 7 , 1926, pp. 545-566 , JSTOR : 41846004 .
  • with Arthur Philip Penard: European influence on the Arawak language of Guiana . In: De West-Indische Gids . tape 8 , 1926, pp. 165-176 , JSTOR : 41846023 .
  • with Arthur Philip Penard: Note on words used by south american indians for banana . In: De West-Indische Gids . tape 8 , 1926, pp. 375-377 , JSTOR : 41846044 .
  • The Duck Hawk in Guiana . In: The Auk . tape 47 , no. 3 , 1926, pp. 419-420 ( online [PDF; 116 kB ]).
  • Egg of the Sun Parrot . In: The Auk . tape 44 , no. 3 , 1927, pp. 420–421 ( online [PDF; 111 kB ]).
  • The Yellow Warbler (Dendroica aestiva aestiva) in Dutch Guiana . In: The Auk . tape 44 , no. 3 , 1927, pp. 425–426 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 115 kB ]).
  • Historical Sketch of the ornithology of Surinam . In: De West-Indische Gids . Extra edition, 1927, p. 1-24 .
  • Lafresnaye . In: The Auk . tape 62 , no. 2 , 1945, p. 227–233 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 487 kB ]).

literature

  • James Lee Peters: Obituary: Thomas Edward Penard . In: The Auk . tape 52 , no. 2 , 1937, pp. 232–235 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 573 kB ]).
  • François Haverschmidt : Biographical Notes on the Penard Brothers . In: The Auk . tape 66 , no. 1 , 1949, p. 56–60 ( sora.unm.edu [PDF; 269 kB ]).
  • van Maart: Portret van Thomas E. Penard with kort biographical bijschrift . In: De West-Indische Gids . tape 13 , 1931, p. 1-2 ( ufdc.ufl.edu ).
  • Outram Bangs, Thomas Barbour: Birds from Darien . In: Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College . tape 65 , no. 6 , 1922, pp. 191-229 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Carl Eduard Hellmayr: Mr. CE Hellmayr exhibited examples of two new species of Neotropical birds, which he described as follows . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 15 , no. 117 , 1905, pp. 90-91 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Frederik Paul Penard, Arthur Philip Penard: De vogels van Guyana (Suriname, Cayenne en Demerara) . tape 1 . Wed. FP Penard, Paramaribo 1908 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d James Lee Peters, p. 232.
  2. ↑ Thomas Edward Penard (1945).
  3. ^ François Haverschmidt, p. 59.
  4. ↑ Outram Bangs et al. a. (1922), p. 200.
  5. ↑ Frederik Paul Penard and a., p. 559.
  6. ↑ Outram Bangs et al. a. (1918), p. 59.
  7. ↑ Carl Eduard Hellmayr, p. 200.
personal data
SURNAME Penard, Thomas Edward
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Penard, Thomas E.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Surinamese-American electrical engineer and ornithologist
DATE OF BIRTH May 7, 1878
PLACE OF BIRTH Paramaribo
DATE OF DEATH October 27, 1936
Place of death Cambridge