Thubten Chökyi Nyima

Thubten Chökyi Nyima (1900)

Penchen Lobsang Thubten Chökyi Nyima ( tib . : pan chen blo bzang thub bstan chos kyi nyi ma ; also: Geleg Namgyel , tib .: dge legs rnam rgyal ; * 1883 in Dagpo ; † 1937 in Kyegu ) received the title Penchen Lama as sixth and is considered the ninth Penchen Lama of the Gelug tradition of Tibetan Buddhism .

Life

Thubten Chökyi Nyima was recognized as a Penchen Lama in 1888 and brought to Trashilhünpo .

In 1901 Thubten Chökyi Nyima received a visit from the Mongolian lama Agvan Dorzhiev . Although Agvan Dorzhiev only spent two days in Trashilhünpo, he received some secret teachings from Thubten Chökyi Nyima, as well as a Shambhala prayer text written by Lobsang Pelden Yeshe , which was important for Agvan Dorzhiev's understanding of the Kalachakra tantra. In addition, Agvan Dorzhiev received a few gifts, including several golden statues.

In 1903 Thubten Chökyi Nyima took the Buddhist monastic vows in the presence of the 13th Dalai Lama .

In 1906, Penchen Thubten Chökyi Nyima had friendly discussions about the political situation with Sir Charles Alfred Bell , who had come to Trashilhünpo on an invitation.

In 1907 he received the Swedish explorer Sven Hedin for the first time .

After a dispute with the 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Chökyi Nyima fled to Inner Mongolia in 1924 . Thubten Chökyi Nyima, who had ruled the more or less autonomous area of Shigatse up to that time , feared he would be personally threatened after the 13th Dalai Lama began to reduce his power. Monks of the monastery of the Penchen Lama were forbidden to hold an official office in the Tibetan government, the representatives of the Penchen Lama were detained in Lhasa and the 13th Dalai Lama tried to collect taxes from the lands of the Penchen Lama, thus a quarter of the expenditures for military To cover purposes, as was the case during the wars with Nepal .

By 1931, relations between Lhasa and the Republic of China appeared to be very good and there were no intentions to go to war. The Chinese government asked the Penchen Lama, who had also dealt with the " Three Principles of the People " according to Sun Yat-sen in the Republic of China , to return to Tibet several times. However, during the negotiations on the terms of his return in 1933 the 13th Dalai Lama died, which delayed the return of the Penchen Lama.

A year after the death of the 13th Dalai Lama, the Chinese government sent a delegation to Lhasa to express their condolences. Although the visit was not of a political nature, the return of the Penchen Lama was also mentioned. Since the 5th Radreng Rinpoche and the Tibetan government were in favor of an immediate return of the Penchen Lama, a delegation from the Tibetan government was sent to Qinghai to ask the Penchen Lama to return. When Thubten Chökyi left Nyima Xining , however, he was accompanied by three hundred Chinese government. The Tibetan government saw this as an emergency and ordered the Penchen Lama to be informed that such a large number of Chinese troops would not be allowed to enter Tibet and that the governor of eastern Tibet should use force to prevent them from crossing the border if necessary. The negotiations on this were held in Kyegu and lasted several months. Thubten Chökyi Nyima ultimately stayed in Kyegu for over a year, which caused considerable supply difficulties due to the Penchen Lama’s large entourage. When the governor of Kham , who was involved in the supply, heard the Penchen Lama had fallen ill, he recommended that he go to Qamdo . The representatives of the Penchen Lama were against it and Thubten Chökyi Nyima said that it didn't matter where he was.

Thubten Chökyi Nyima died in Jyekundo (also Kyegu Do, Gyêgu ) in 1937 . His literary life's work (Tib .: gsung 'bum ) was published in four volumes.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ chos kyi nyi ma
2. ^ Case Western Reserve University : cwru.edu: On the Panchen Lama by (the late) WGSurkhang