Tilapiini
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Tilapia sparrmanii , the type species of the genus Tilapia . |
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| Trewavas , 1983 |
The Tilapiini are a tribe of the cichlids (Cichlidae) to which three genera are counted. Tilapiini species are common in Africa south of the equator. The circulation area comprises three separate parts. The largest includes the southern Congo basin from the Kwango to the Luvua , the Mwerusee and the Luapula , in the south from the Kunene over the Okavango and the Zambezi to the Limpopo , in the east to the Malawi and to the Zambian Bangweulee . The area also includes Lake Ngami south of the Okavango Delta , Lake Guinea and Lake Otjikoto , two karst lakes in northern Namibia and the northern tributaries of the Orange River . A second area with Tilapiini occurrences is in the central Congo Basin (genus Congolapia ), the third and smallest in the south of Gabun and the Republic of the Congo .
features
Diagnostic feature of the tribe is the structure of the apophysis at the base of the skull, which is linked to the upper pharyngeal bones. In the Tilapiini, their facets are formed solely by the parasphenoid . All tilapiini are substrate spawners .
Genera
Today only seven species in three genera belong to the Tilapiini after only the four species of the subgenus Tilapia remained in the formerly species-rich genus Tilapia and the other subgenus were raised to the rank of independent genera and assigned to new tribes.
- Chilochromis (1 kind)
- Congolapia (3 species)
- Tilapia ( type genus )
External system
The Tilapiini are the sister group of the Steatocranini tribe and with this they are basal to the species-rich East African Radiation of the Pseudocrenilabrinae, to which almost all cichlids of the great African lakes belong (see here ).
literature
- Andreas R. Dunz, Ulrich K. Schliewen: Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as “Tilapia”. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2013.03.015
- Andreas R. Dunz: Revision of the substrate brooding “Tilapia” (Tilapia Smith, 1840 and related taxa), (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae). Dissertation to obtain a doctorate from the Faculty of Biology at the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, 2012, PDF