Tilapia (genus)
Tilapia | ||||||||||||
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Tilapia sparrmanii |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Tilapia | ||||||||||||
Smith , 1840 |
Tilapia is a genus of African cichlids . The generic name is derived from "thlapi", a general name for fish in the Bantu languages .
In the biological system at the beginning of the 20th century, tilapia was considered the most species-rich genus of cichlids in Africa. In the course of several revisions , the mouth-brooding species were initially assigned to new genera (see Oreochromini ) and tilapia was limited to around 40 substrate-spawning species. At the beginning of 2013 the sub-genera Coptodon , Heterotilapia and Pelmatolapia were raised to genera and Coelotilapia established as a new genus for Tilapia joka , so that only four species remain in the genus Tilapia in the narrower sense.
species
- Tilapia baloni Trewavas & Stewart, 1975
- Tilapia guinasana Trewavas, 1936
- Tilapia ruweti (Poll & Thys van den Audenaerde, 1965)
- Tilapia sparrmanii Smith, 1840 ( type species )
Three other species, "Tilapia" busumana (Günther, 1903), "Tilapia" brevimanus (Boulenger, 1991) and "Tilapia" pra (Dunz & Schliewen 2010), remain in the genus for the time being, but belong to a different tribe , the Gobiocichlini and will have to be assigned to a new, previously undescribed genus in the future.
distribution
The genus Tilapia (Sensu stricto) occurs in the southern Congo Basin from the Kwango to the Luvua , the Mwerusee and the Luapula . In the south, the distribution area extends from the Kunene over the Okavango and the Zambezi to the Limpopo , in the east to Lake Malawi and the Zambian Lake Bangweulus . The range also includes Lake Ngami south of the Okavango Delta , Lake Guinea and Lake Otjikoto , two karst lakes in northern Namibia and the northern tributaries of the Orange River . The genus also occurs in southern Gabon and the Republic of the Congo .
See also
literature
- Andreas R. Dunz, Ulrich K. Schliewen: Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as “Tilapia”. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Vol. 68, Issue 1, July 2013, pp. 64–80, DOI: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2013.03.015 .
- Andreas R. Dunz: Revision of the substrate brooding “Tilapia” (Tilapia Smith, 1840 and related taxa), (Teleostei: Perciformes: Cichlidae). Dissertation to obtain the doctoral degree of the Faculty of Biology at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich. Munich 2012, (PDF)
- Anton Lamboj : Tilapia. , Tilapia […]. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Ed.) The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , pp. 938-941.
Web links
- Tilapia on Fishbase.org (English)