Trixen

Trixen ( Slovenian Trušnje ) is the name of a valley in the north-western area of ​​the city and large municipality Völkermarkt in Carinthia / Austria with historical significance. Current place names are Ober-, Mitter- and Niedertrixen ( Slovenian Zgornje -, Srednje -, Spodnje Trušnje ), the valley is drained by the Trixenbach ( Slovenian Trušnenjski potok ).

The Trixener ( Trixner , Truchsner , Herren von Trixen , Herren von Truchsen ) were a noble ministerial family of the 12th, 13th and 14th centuries, named after the castles and rule of Trixen.

history

The first mention of Trixen as "Truhsna" dates from the year 822, when ownership there was transferred to the Innichen monastery . According to a document from the year 895, King Arnulf of Carinthia gave the Trixental with two castles and the forest on the Diexer Berg to his loyal Waltuni. These two castles were probably the fortresses Ober- and Mittertrixen or maybe one of the two and the castle Waisenberg .

Through the donations and legacies of the Friesach - Zeltschach Countess Hemma von Gurk from the years 1042 to 1045, Trixen, which is even referred to as a county ( comitatus Truhsinensis , comitatus Truhnensis ), came to the Gurk Monastery, a nunnery. The Trixen castles are not mentioned explicitly, but a suburbana curtis next to the urbs Truhsen , i.e. a manor at the foot of the castle, with 40 hubs, as well as all the Trixen vineyards.

In 1043 Hemma acquired the baptismal, burial and tithe rights for her Trixen churches of St. Lambert (on the Lamprechtskogel), St. Georgen ( Sankt Georgen am Weinberg ) and St. Margarethen (ob Töllerberg), which she had already built , from the Salzburg Archbishop Baldwin or founded.

In 1072 the nunnery was dissolved by Archbishop Gebhard and Trixen was integrated into the newly founded diocese of Gurk .

The second Gurk bishop, Berthold from the family of the Counts von Zeltschach (1090-1106), who was used against the will of the papal party during the investiture controversy and was therefore referred to by it as intrusus (intruder), awarded the Trixen castles with all due Fief to the Spanheimer Count Engelbert II. († 1141), the later Duke of Carinthia, whom his brother Bernhard inherited, who in turn is often referred to as "Count von Trixen". The fief bond was gradually forgotten. According to other sources, Bishop Berthold squandered the Gurk property for sale in order to maintain himself as a bishop.

After Count Bernhard's death in 1147, his Lower Styrian property and rights fell to the Styrian Margrave Ottokar III. , with regard to the Trixen rule, the situation is not so clear. Above all, the descendants of Reimbert I von Trixen became Ottokar's servants, while others were Gurkists or Carinthian ministerials .

Some Trixen men stood in the inheritance dispute against Poppo von Peggau († after 1173) over tent chess on the Gurk's side and are expressly counted among the Hochstiftsministeriales in the document on the settlement of 1160.

Gurk remained wealthy in the Trixen area and Bishop Heinrich I (1167–1174) even managed to buy back the Waisenberg Castle.

Trixener

During the Spanheim time, the names of the Trixen ministerials , who sat on the castles, administered them and, at least until 1147, were part of the Spanish retinue, gradually became apparent.

A: Gerolt and Reginhoh, brothers, 1106

• Second generation:

B: Percrat, after 1147 Ministeriale of Ottokar III.

B: Reimbert / Reginbert I. (1123–1147), sometimes addressed as “suitor”

C: Cholo I (1125 / 30–1181), 1155 “nobilis”, Styrian Ministeriale, temporarily Vogt of Eberndorf Monastery , built with brother Heinrich before 1161 castle, church and market in Unterdrauburg / Dravograd illegally on St. Paul monastery grounds, comparison with Compensation to St. Paul after 1177 (together with brother)

C: Heinrich I. (1147–1194), 1155 “nobilis”, 1189 witness under the Styrenses in the deed of Count Alberts von Bogen , in which Albert Gurkfeld / Krško pledged to Salzburg, oo Mathilde, daughter of Count Konrad I of Valley - Wittelsbach , widow after Count Siegfried II. Von Lebenau († 1164)

D: Cholo II. (Around 1183–1227), Styrian Ministeriale, "nobilis miles", "miles"

D: Gottfried II. (Around 1185–1218), Styrian Ministeriale, from 1193 also "von Grafenstein" (today Altgrafenstein Castle / Lerchenau), thus also Carinthian Ministeriale

E: Elisabeth († before 1273)

E: Heinrich von Grafenstein (1240, on Pernstein )

F: Ulrich von Trixen (1255–1306 on Pernstein), oo NNw von Kapellen

G: Gottfried (1306-1324)

G: Hadmar (1307)

Q: Cholo

F: Gottfried (1255–1299), oo NNw von Zelking (?)

G: Libaun (1306-1333), oo Helka

H: Hartnid von Truchsen (1337)

G: Ludwig (1307)

F: Margareta, oo Philipp von Polheim († 1313)

D: Otto I. (around 1183–1237), mostly "von Drauburg"

E: Heinrich III./IV. (1217–1253), "von Trixen", "von Drauburg", treasurer and official of Duke Friedrich II in Carinthia

D: Konrad (1187–1239), 1201 Salzburg chaplain and pastor of Mühldorf am Inn, 1222–1237 Abbot of St. Paul

D: Albert (1187–1218), "von Trixen", "von Mahrenberg", oo Gisela

E: Seifried von Mahrenberg († 1272), founded the Dominican convent Mahrenberg ( Radlje ob Dravi ) with mother Gisela in 1251 , reimbursed St. Paul for the castles Mahrenberg and Niedertrixen, which his progenitores (ancestors) had illegally built on St. Paul monastery grounds, and she received as a fief for life

C: Gottfried I. (1147, 1151)

C: Reginbert II (1147, 1151)

D :? Reginbert III. (1193–1208), owner of Drauburg (as heir to Otto I.)

C: Ortolf I. (1161/1162), also "senior de Traberch" (Unterdrauburg / Dravograd), Styrian Ministeriale

B: Volbert I. (around 1123–1147 / 1173), perhaps in 1173 Duke Hermann's servant

C: Volbert II of Trixen-Liebenberg

B: Wiker (around 1123–1152)

B: Walchun (around 1123–1147)

B: Gerloch (around 1123–1162 / 1171), 1154/1155 Ministeriale von Gurk

literature

• Friedrich Hausmann : The Styrian Otakare, Carinthia and Friuli . In: Gerhard Pferschy (Ed.): Becoming of Styria. The time of the Traungau . Festschrift for the 800th return of the elevation to the duchy. Publishing house Styria, Graz u. a. . 1980, ISBN 3-222-11281-9 , ( Publications of the Steiermärkisches Landesarchives 10), pp. 225-275.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Pavel Zdovc: Slovenska krajevna imena na Koroškem Avstrijskem = Slovenian place names in Carinthia. Extended Edition. Ljubljana 2010. ISSN  0560-2920 .
2. ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Vol. 1: Up to the year 1140 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2009, ISBN 978-3-7030-0469-8 , p. 60-61, No. 85 .
3. ^ Regesta Imperii RI I n.1912
4. ↑ Ankershofen: Kärntner Regesten , in: AÖG 1849
5. ↑ Ankershofen: Kärntner Regesten , in: AÖG 1849
6. ↑ Ankershofen: Kärntner Regesten AÖG 11/12 1853
7. ↑ Genma: Mathilde
8. ↑ Master list here from E based on Kurt Holter: History of Schlierbach up to 1355 (PDF; 2.8 MB) p. 4
9. ↑ S. XXXIX In Joseph Chmel : Documents on the history of Austria, Styria, Carinthia, Krain, Görz, Trieste, Istria, Tyrol, from the years 1246-1300 , Vienna 1849

Coordinates: 46 ° 41 ′ 57 ″  N , 14 ° 35 ′ 9 ″  E