Eberndorf Monastery
The former Augustinian Canons - Eberndorf Monastery is located in the market town of Eberndorf in Carinthia . After several ownership transitions, it is now a Dotationsgut of Benedictine - monastery of St. Paul , and houses the municipal office and the nursery of the municipality of Eberndorf.
history
Beginnings and Middle Ages
Since the Friulian Count Chazilo / Cazelin and his wife remained childless, around 1100 they donated a small St. Mary's Church and its properties for a monastery to be founded in Eberndorf with the stipulation that they would be buried there. Patriarch Ulrich I von Aquileia had his temporary grave lifted in Gösseling and the corpse transferred to Eberndorf in 1106 and a larger church built. The church was consecrated by Bishop Riwin of Concordia . In addition, Patriarch Ulrich I furnished the church and the chapter with goods in the area. Around the middle of the 12th century, the church was expanded under the patriarch Pilgrim I of Aquileia to become an Augustinian canon monastery .
In the following centuries there were repeated disputes with the bailiffs, the Styrian margraves and their legal successors, the Babenbergers . The end of this development was the transfer of the bailiwick to the Carinthian dukes.
Between 1446 and 1476 the fortified expansion took place under Provost Lorenz. Nevertheless, the monastery suffered severe damage from the Turkish invasions in 1473 and the Hungarian Wars in 1477 under King Matthias Corvinus . In 1483 a fire destroyed the building. The reconstruction took place under Provost Leonhard von Keutschach . Another construction phase is attested to under Provost Valentin Fabri at the beginning of the 16th century.
Reformation and Recatholization
The canon existed until 1604 and was dissolved in the course of re-Catholicization to give way to a Jesuit residence . Already at the end of the 16th century the monastery was very dilapidated due to mismanagement, so that the abolition of the monastery was considered. The repeal by Pope Clement VIII on April 5, 1604 and the subordination of Eberndorf to the Klagenfurt Jesuit College was favored by Archduke Ferdinand . The last provost was Sebastian Kobel.
The pen from the 18th century
The last major construction project can be dated to the beginning to the middle of the 18th century, according to the inscription on the monastery gate under the emperors Ferdinand II and Ferdinand III. the monastery received its present form in 1751.
After the Jesuit order was abolished in 1773, Eberndorf became part of the study fund. In 1809, Emperor Franz I donated the monastery to the Benedictines of St. Blasien in the Black Forest as a donation . Three years later the endowment changed to the Benedictine Abbey of Sankt Paul in Lavanttal . The monastery has been leased to the Eberndorf community for 50 years since 1989 and is now used for school and administrative purposes. After a more than seven million euro renovation in 1992, the administration of the Eberndorf market town has been housed in the monastery since 1995.
architecture
The entire system
Eberndorf Abbey is a considerable size, irregularly grouped building complex on a gentle hill, the main fronts of which are facing west and south. The eastern side consists mainly of agricultural buildings, the north side borders on a forest area and is therefore not very representative.
Gate construction and driveway
The gateway is located on the southwest corner of the building complex and faces south. The building is two-story with a hipped roof and, like the building to the east, is part of the medieval fortifications. The gatehouse was changed slightly in the 17th century. The portal has a banded border and a blown gable, above is an inscription with the date of 1634, above a medallion with Christ's monogram . The driveway is accompanied on both sides by crenellated walls. An outside gate in the outer perimeter wall is occupied, but no longer exists. The walled driveway was originally the connection between the two gates.
Forecourt
In the forecourt of the monastery, bounded by walls to the west and east, there is a free-standing church tower. On the north side, the former collegiate church and the south wing of the baroque abbey complex, which protrudes to the west , are connected.
Baroque monastery building
The complex consists of four wings around a large, almost square courtyard. Around 1634 the building was erected in almost its current appearance, partly following the layout of the older complex. The north and west wings in particular are based on the previous building. Peter Franz Carlone is named as the client . The elevated position on the terrain rising to the east gives the three-storey west facade a monumental effect. The protruding round tower on the northwest corner is reminiscent of a fortified residence, but it belongs to the medieval fortifications, further functions of the tower have neither been clarified nor documented. The downgrading of the connection between the south and west wing creates several corners at the south-western end of the complex. There are three-storey pillar arcades in the monastery courtyard , the arcades are vaulted with a groin. The cloister formerly north of the church disappeared with the construction work in the 17th century. From 1992 to 1995 the arcades were partially glazed, the exterior facade renovated and the reconstruction of the early baroque architectural polychromy carried out. Three stucco ceilings were exposed and redesigned in the original color.
Parish and former collegiate church
Since 1378 the Romanesque collegiate church Maria Himmelfahrt was replaced in two stages by a Gothic building and the choir with crypt was built. The five-bay, late Gothic nave was added in 1506 and in 1995 the exterior was extensively restored. Remains of the Romanesque building, such as the grave chapel of the Ungnad family with Romanesque windows, can be found mainly on the south side of the single-nave church building. The late Gothic, profiled, round-arched west portal from 1522 is the main entrance to the church. An early Baroque Madonna and Child stands in a niche above the portal. A twelve-step staircase, ascending in the fourth yoke to the fifth and connecting this with the presbytery as a kind of forechoir, is decisive for the spatial impression. A three-aisled crypt, built around 1378, extends under this fifth nave yoke and the choir. As a rule, the construction of crypts as burial places for relics ends with the Romanesque period, which is why this complex, built at the end of the 14th century, represents a retarding style element. The loop rib vault from 1506, on the other hand, is one of the first in Carinthia and was used as a model for further developments.
The west portal
The looping rib vault of the long house
Facility
In the shrine of the Rococo high altar stands a late Gothic Madonna and Child. The apostle Peter and St. Barbara , on the right St. Catherine and the Apostle Paul . On the upper floor of the aedicula altar, God the Father, surrounded by angel heads, floats in silver clouds, including the dove of the Holy Spirit. A Gothic fresco on the northern wall of the choir shows the coronation of Mary and, to the left of it, St. Katharina and on the right St. Barbara.
Figures of the evangelists sit at the basket of the simple, baroque pulpit, which is not set except for the figures. The tablets of the law stand in a halo on the sound cover.
The second side altar on the north side of the nave is dedicated to St. Consecrated to Florian. His late Gothic figure of the St. Veiter workshop from around 1520/25 fills the central niche of the altar structure. In the left niche there is a figure of St. Sebastian , in the right of St. Rochus . Like the altar, these were created around 1650/70.
The Coronation of Mary, Gothic fresco
the pulpit
The Floriani Altar
literature
- Hermann Wiessner, Gerhard Seebach: Castles and palaces in Carinthia. Klagenfurt, Feldkirchen, Völkermarkt . Vienna 1980, pp. 111-112. ISBN 3-85030-016-1
- Dehio manual. The art monuments of Austria. Carinthia . Anton Schroll, Vienna 2001, pp. 93–98. ISBN 3-7031-0712-X
Web links
Coordinates: 46 ° 35 ′ 32.1 ″ N , 14 ° 38 ′ 25.9 ″ E