Tulliallan Old Castle
| Tulliallan Old Castle | ||
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 North facade of Tulliallan Old Castle (painting by the local school principal; 1920s) |
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| Creation time : | 14th Century | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg (Tower House) | |
| Conservation status: | tore off | |
| Standing position : | Scottish nobility | |
| Construction: | Sandstone - ashlar | |
| Place: | Kincardine | |
| Geographical location | 56 ° 4 '47.3 " N , 3 ° 43' 32.5" W | |
| Height: | 14 m ASLTemplate: height / unknown reference | |
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Tulliallan Old Castle is the ruin of a lowland castle ( Tower House ) at Kincardine in the Scottish county of Perthshire , now part of the administrative Fife (Scotland) .
history
Castle
The first fortress in Tulliallan was built sometime before 1304 when King Edward I of England ordered the fortification of this place. The castle was strategically located on the main ferry across the Forth and so in 1304 the king ordered the fortification of the walls of “Tolyalwyn”. Presumably the reinforcement of the D-shaped ditch and the outer wall was meant to protect the castle against attacks from the surrounding marshland, which was drained by the 18th century. There were probably buildings in a fence, but what is known today as the "Old Castle" was probably built later by the Douglases .
The Douglases Castle was initially a two-story tower house with an L-shaped floor plan made of ashlar with a tower at the southwest corner, through which the main entrance led, which was reached via a drawbridge . Most of the windows on the first floor were small and square with large loopholes above them . The arrangement of important rooms on the ground floor was unusual. The ceilings of these rooms had ribbed vaults that rose from octagonal columns. In the 15th century this house was enlarged and at the end of the 16th century another renovation seems to have taken place.
The castle was surrounded by a moat filled with water from the Firth of Forth , which in the olden days stretched further inland. A report from 1853 about the building, which was already in ruins at that time, describes “two narrow side gates that opened at both ends of the south facade, of which the one on the east side opened into a room called the Knight's Hall , where three sections are strangely defined by elegant arches a cross vault were formed, which rested on a central, octagonal column, everything in a remarkable state of preservation. "
In 1885 the old castle, although in ruins, was still described as an impressive looking building.
Lairds
The castle then came into the ownership of William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas (approx. 1327-1384). Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas donated the Tulliallan estate to the Edmiston family in 1402 . In 1456 the donation to Sir James Edmiston , the great-grandson of King Robert II , was confirmed by a royal charter. Patrick Blackadder , grandson of Cuthbert Blackadder of Blackadder Castle in Berwickshire , married Elizabeth Edmiston , daughter of Sir James Edmiston . She brought the Tulliallan estate into the marriage.
A well-known member of the Blackadder family of Tulliallan was Robert Blackadder , the brother of Patrick Blackadder , Laird of Tulliallan. Robert Blackadder was Bishop of Aberdeen , Bishop of Glasgow and from 1492 the first Archbishop of Glasgow to add the crypt and a wing to St Mungo's Cathedral . The bishop made common cause with rebellious nobles, the King James III. Defeated and killed in the Battle of Sauchieburn in 1488 . The archbishop died in 1508 on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land .
One of Tulliallan's lairds, Sir John Blackadder , was beheaded in March 1531 for the murder of James Inglis , abbot of Culross Monastery , after a dispute over lands. He was followed by his brother Patrick as Laird, who started another dispute against the Homes over the Blackadder family's land around Allanton in Berwickshire. Patrick was killed in a skirmish near Edinburgh where he was stopping to meet the Homes and try to settle their dispute. After this incident, the Blackadders made no further attempt to get their ancestral lands back. William Blackadder was a supporter of Mary Queen of Scots at the Battle of Carberry Hill (June 15, 1567). He was arrested soon after the battle and hanged in June; his brother was hanged in September.
The last Blackadder to own the Tullialan Estate was Sir John Blackadder , who was born in 1596 and was made Knight and Baronet of Nova Scotia by King Charles I of England on July 18, 1626 . His estates, including the lime works, salt pans, and other businesses, produced an annual income of 36,000 marks , but this was not enough to pay Sir John's expensive habits, and so he amassed more debts than he could ever pay. When his belongings were confiscated, he fled to mainland Europe and appears to have been in French service in 1642 . He died in America in 1651 . Sir John's wife, Elizabeth Graham , was the daughter of the Earl of Menteith . She had an annual pension of 360 marks and lived in Tulliallan until 1662. His son, Alexander , was unable to free the property from the debts his father had accumulated. The Court of Session ordered the property to be auctioned. In 1700 Colonel John Erskine , son of David Erskine, 4th Lord Cardross , bought the property.
The well-known covenant preacher John Blackadder (1622–1685) was the legitimate heir to the title of Baronets Blackadder, but made no use of it.
Younger story
The last resident of the old castle was Colonel Erskine , known locally as the Black Colonel, who died in the 1790s. George Elphinstone, 1st Viscount Keith , bought the property in 1799 and had what is now Tulliallan Castle built as a home for his family. The roof of the old castle was removed and the castle fell into ruin. An old bronze cauldron about 22 centimeters in diameter and 13 centimeters in height was found in this ruin. Legend has it that it once hung from one of the castle's roof beams and was filled with gold . As long as he hung there, it was said that the castle would stand and the Blackadders of Tulliallan would prosper.
Today's Tulliallan Castle is about 800 meters southeast of the old castle and was built for Lord Viscount Keith in 1818-1820.
Individual evidence
- ↑ John Gifford: Fife . Yale University Press. P. 268. 1988. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ↑ John Gifford: Fife . Yale University Press. Pp. 268-269. 1988. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ^ A b Charles Rogers: A week at Bridge of Allan . Pp. 209, 1853. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ^ David Beveridge, John James Dalgleish: Culross and Tulliallan: or, Perthshire on Forth . W. Blackwood and Sons. P. 22, 1885. Accessed February 21, 2018.
- ↑ a b c James Lothian: The banks of the Forth: a descriptive and historical sketch ... . J. Lothian. P. 70, 1862. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ^ David Beveridge, John James Dalgleish: Culross and Tulliallan: or, Perthshire on Forth . W. Blackwood and Sons. P. 90, 1885. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ^ Seal and brief history of Robert Blackadder . In: The Glasgow Story . Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ^ David Beveridge, John James Dalgleish: Culross and Tulliallan: or, Perthshire on Forth . W. Blackwood and Sons. Pp. 94-95. 1885. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ↑ William Anderson: The Scottish nation: or, The surnames, families, literature, honors, and biographical history of the people of Scotland . A. Fullarton & Co .. 1877. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ^ AE MacRobert: Mary Queen of Scots and the casket letters . IB Tauris. S. 13. 2002. Accessed February 21, 2018.
- ^ Notes and queries . Oxford University Press. P. 50, 1883. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
- ^ Charles Rogers: A week at Bridge of Allan . P. 210, 1853. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
