United Nations Operation in Somalia II

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
UNOSOME II
operation area Somalia
German name United Nations Operation in Somalia II
English name United Nations Operation in Somalia II
Based on UN resolution 814 (March 26 1993)
Type of mission Peace mission
Beginning March 1993
The End March 1995
Operating strength (min.) 28,000 military and police officers
2,800 international / local civilians
Deaths 147
costs US $ 1.643 billion
Location of the operational area LocationSomalia.svg
Map overview
UNOSOM II lead nations and areas of responsibility, August 1993

The United Nations Operation in Somalia II ( UNOSOM II , German  Operation of the United Nations in Somalia II ) was a peacekeeping mission of the United Nations in Somalia from March 1993 to March 1995. It was based on the resolution 814 of the UN Security Council from March 26th Established in 1993 to replace the multinational Unified Task Force (UNITAF), which fought for neutrality and non- involvement in the Somali civil war . It was withdrawn by March 1995.

history

The predecessor mission UNOSOM I was set up in April 1992 to monitor a ceasefire between the warlords Mohammed Farah Aidid and Ali Mahdi Mohammed and to coordinate humanitarian aid for those affected by the famine in Somalia . However, since the UNOSOM I was not authorized to use force to achieve these goals, the situation in Somalia, the multinational Eingreifverband UNITAF under the leadership was in December 1992, after a sharp deterioration in US from the UN Security Council authorized, "by any means necessary “To create a safe environment for humanitarian aid operations. In March 1993 UNOSOM II took over this mission from UNITAF. The coercive measures now possible to create and secure peace include, among other things, the monitoring of truces, the confiscation of illegal weapons and mine clearance. UNOSOM also provided support in rebuilding the police force and political structures.

The Federal Republic of Germany participated in the mission directly with the German Somalia Support Association . The unit stationed in Beledweyne comprised up to 1,725 ​​soldiers and was a strengthened supply and transport unit.

Ferret armored wheeled vehicle of the Nepalese army during use in Somalia 1993

The mission ended in March 1995. To this day, it is still debated whether it was a success or not. The main disputes in this regard are whether the primary goal of the UN was to provide for the people or to create peace; while an improvement in the humanitarian situation succeeded, at least in the short term, attempts to secure a lasting peace remained unsuccessful.

From an American perspective, the UNOSOM II mission was a debacle because of 18 deaths and the Battle of Mogadishu (made known to a wider public through the film Black Hawk Down ). This is considered to be a major reason for the reluctance of the US and the rest of the world community to intervene in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda .

After the end of UNOSOM II, the UN Political Bureau for Somalia (UNPOS) was established to continue the UN's efforts to achieve peace in Somalia.

literature

  • Hans Krech : The Civil War in Somalia (1988-1996): A manual . tape 1 . Köster, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-89574-210-4 (Armed conflicts after the end of the East-West conflict).
  • Mathias Weber: The UN mission in Somalia . MW Verlag, Denzlingen 1997, ISBN 3-9805387-0-2 .

Web links