Umpqua River

Umpqua River
Data
Water code	US :  1151643
location	Oregon (USA)
River system	Umpqua River
Confluence of	North and South Umpqua Rivers 43 ° 16 ′ 5 "  N , 123 ° 26 ′ 46"  W
Source height	110  m
muzzle	Winchester Bay at Reedsport Coordinates: 43 ° 40 ′ 9 ″  N , 124 ° 12 ′ 18 ″  W 43 ° 40 ′ 9 ″  N , 124 ° 12 ′ 18 ″  W
Mouth height	0  m
Height difference	110 m
Bottom slope	0.61 ‰
length	179 km
Catchment area	12,103 km²
Discharge at the Elkton A Eo gauge: 9535 km²	NNQ (July 18, 1926) MQ 1906/2016 Mq 1906/2016 HHQ (December 23, 1964)	18 m³ / s 208 m³ / s 21.8 l / (s km²) 7500 m³ / s
Right tributaries	Calapooya Creek, Elk Creek, Smith River
Small towns	Reed sport
Communities	Elkton

North Umpqua River
Data
Water code	US :  1147070
location	Douglas County, Oregon
origin	Maidu Lake 43 ° 15 ′ 24 ″  N , 122 ° 0 ′ 3 ″  W.
Source height	1853  m
Association with	South Umpqua River to Umpqua River 43 ° 16 ′ 5 ″  N , 123 ° 26 ′ 45 ″  W
Mouth height	110  m
Height difference	1743 m
Bottom slope	10 ‰
length	171 km
Catchment area	3520 km²
Runoff at Winchester A Eo gauge : 3,479 km²	MQ 1955/2016 Mq 1955/2016	106 m³ / s 30.5 l / (s km²)
Left tributaries	Little River
Right tributaries	Steamboat Creek
Reservoirs flowed through	Lemolo Lake, Toketee Lake, Soda Springs Reservoir
Communities	Glide, Winchester
National Wild and Scenic River

South Umpqua River
Water code	US :  1150090
location	Douglas County, Oregon
source	in the Rogue-Umpqua-Divide-Wilderness 43 ° 6 ′ 26 ″  N , 122 ° 35 ′ 22 ″  W
Association with	North Umpqua River to Umpqua River 43 ° 16 ′ 4 "  N , 123 ° 26 ′ 46"  W
Mouth height	110  m
length	185 km
Catchment area	4665 km²
Discharge at the Tiller A Eo gauge : 1162 km²	MQ 1940/2016 Mq 1940/2016	29 m³ / s 25 l / (s km²)
Discharge at Brockway A Eo gauge: 4,323 km²	MQ 1943/2016 Mq 1943/2016	78 m³ / s 18 l / (s km²)
Left tributaries	Jackson Creek, Cow Creek
Right tributaries	Myrtle Creek, Lookingglass Creek
Small towns	Roseburg

The Umpqua River is a river in Douglas County in the US state of Oregon . It has its source in the Cascade Range and flows into the Pacific Ocean .

geography

The Umpqua River, roughly 178 kilometers long, is one of the larger rivers on the Oregon coast. The river drains a network of valleys in the mountains on the west side of the Cascade Range and has two headwaters, the North and South Umpqua Rivers .

The North Umpqua River with its crystal clear water springs from the eight hectares large at 1,853  m located height Maidu Lake in the Mount Thielsen Wilderness , north of Crater Lake . Numerous other streams flow into the river, including from Diamond Lake . The North Umpqua River flows westward along the south side of the Calapooya Mountains through the Umpqua National Forest . It flows over numerous waterfalls and rapids, including the 34 meter high Toketee Falls . The smaller reservoirs Lemolo Lake, Toketee Lake and Soda Springs Reservoir lie along the river. At Winchester, the historic Winchester Dam is located on the river.

The South Umpqua River has its source in the Rogue-Umpqua-Divide-Wilderness and has a higher water temperature than the North Arm, but carries less water in summer. Its main tributary is the Cow Creek .

The two source rivers flow together northwest of Roseburg to form the Umpqua River. The river then flows northwest through the Oregon Coast Range , with the river being considered the boundary between the Central and Southern Oregon Coast Ranges . Shortly before its mouth, the Smith River flows into it before it flows into the Pacific in Winchester Bay near Reedsport .

history

The meaning of the word umpqua , which comes from the language of the Umpqua Indians , is not exactly clear, the best-known translations are "thundering water" or "along the water". Another translation is "fed up". It was named after the British botanist David Douglas in 1825 when he was touring the region. Originally seven Indian tribes lived along the river. From 1819 chased Trapper of the North West Company by beavers along the river. In 1836 the Fort Umpqua trading post was established near Elkton, which existed until 1854 and was the first European settlement south of the Willamette Valley in Oregon.

environment

1984 was Boulder Creek Wilderness , a jungle area on the North Umpqua River, a 7729 hectare wilderness area reported. In 1988, a 54-kilometer section of the North Umpqua River between the mouth of Rock Creek to Soda Springs was declared a recreational Wild and Scenic River .

On the lower reaches of Oregon State Route 38 between Reedsport and Elkton is the Umpqua State Scenic Corridor , a 44-acre state park that consists of five individual sections and protects an old population of California laurel trees and other trees on the riverbank. There is a riverside picnic area at one of the sections.

fauna

In the river there are a variety of fish species such as king salmon , rainbow trout , cutthroat trout , alosa , black bass, and white and green sturgeon .

flora

The headwaters of the North and South Umpqua Rivers lie on the densely forested western side of the Cascade Range. While West American hemlocks and Douglas firs still dominate the source streams of the North Umpqua River , the forest around the source streams of the South Umpqua River is lighter and consists of sugar pines and yellow pines . In dry summers, the northern arm carries more than 20 times as much water as the southern arm.

economy

The region along the river has been a logging area since the beginning of the 20th century. The forests on the lower reaches have been administered by the Bureau of Land Management since 1916 , in 1907 the Umpqua Forest Reserve was established in the forests of the Oregon Coast Range , and in 1908 the Umpqua National Forest was established.

While there are no dams in the lower reaches of the river, there are eight dams on the North Fork, including the 23 m high Soda Springs Dam . The dams were built between 1947 and 1956 and are used to generate electricity with an output of 194 megawatts.

The first tourists came to Diamond Lake in the 1920s. Today tourism along the river is becoming more and more important. The Umpqua River is considered to be one of the best fishing areas in the USA, where you can fish all year round due to the variety of fish species. There are numerous boat ramps for anglers on its lower reaches, and there are several campsites along the river. Winchester Bay at the estuary is a popular destination for both sport fishermen and deep sea anglers. The North and South Umpqua Rivers are also popular fishing destinations, especially for fly fishers . Other leisure activities include rafting , kayaking, hiking, mountain biking or horse riding. The 127 km long North Umpqua Trail , a hiking trail opened in 1996, runs along the North Umpqua River .

traffic

The US Highway 38 and 138 extend parallel to the lower reaches of the Umpqua Rivers, the US Highway 101 crosses the river near the mouth at Reed sports. The Rogue-Umpqua National Scenic Byway runs partly along the North Umpqua River to Diamond Lake.

Web links

Commons : Umpqua River  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Commons : North Umpqua River  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Commons : South Umpqua River  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Umpqua River in the Oregon Encyclopedia

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} North Umpqua River in the Geographic Names Information System of the United States Geological Survey
2. ^ ^{A b c d} Scientific Investigations Report 2011–5041: Channel Change and Bed-Material Transport in the Umpqua River Basin, Oregon . USGS. Retrieved September 2, 2017.
3. ↑ USGS 14321000 UMPQUA RIVER NEAR ELKTON, OR
4. ↑ USGS 14319500 NORTH UMPQUA RIVER AT WINCHESTER, OR
5. ^ South Umpqua River in the Geographic Names Information System of the United States Geological Survey
6. ↑ USGS 14308000 SOUTH UMPQUA RIVER AT TILLER, OR
7. ↑ USGS 14312000 SOUTH UMPQUA RIVER NEAR BROCKWAY, OR
8. ↑ Northwest Waterfal Survey: Toketee Falls. Retrieved October 3, 2011 . 
9. ^ Umpqua National Forest - History. Retrieved October 3, 2011 . 
10. ↑ National Wild & Scenic Rivers - North Umpqua River ( Memento of March 9, 2012 in the Internet Archive ).
11. ↑ Jan Bannan: Oregon State Parks: A Complete Recreation Guide . Mountaineers Books, Seattle 2002, ISBN 978-0-89886-794-7 , pp. 55 .
12. ^ PacifiCorp to Begin Work on Soda Springs Fish Passage Projects. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on December 30, 2011 ; Retrieved October 3, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
13. ^ Siuslaw National Forest - Stream & River Fishing. Retrieved October 3, 2011 . 
14. ↑ BLM: North Umpqua River Wild and Scenic River. Retrieved October 5, 2011 . 
15. ^ North Umpqua Trail. Retrieved January 26, 2019 . 
16. ^ Rogue-Umpqua National Scenic Byway. Retrieved January 26, 2019 .