Generational designations

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In family history research ( genealogy, genealogy ) there are other family relationships for the generation designation , in addition to parents and grandparents , which build on one another in ascending order , each with the forms -mother and -father . From the ancestor generation of great-grandparents are more primitive set before: Urur grandparents , Ururur grandparents and so on. The prefix Ur- means "at the beginning, originally".

The generations can be numbered with normal or (offset) with Roman numerals . To cluttered long names like Urururururur avoid grandparents, family researchers have suggested other names, the origin each included only one name; For example, the 7 genealogical designations old, upper, stem, ancestor, ancestor, ore and erzahn are each given a substructure with -parents, -grandparents and -great-grandparents.

The following table lists 31 generations, with " Ego " (I) or " Probandin " (test person) denoting the person to whom all family names are related; The Kekule numbering is used internationally and indicates the number of a person in an ancestral list or genealogical table , all male ancestors have even numbers, all female ancestors have odd numbers:

Years
about		 generation Numbering
(after Schmitz) 		designation Alternative  genealogical
naming		 Kekule number
of 2  (generation) to 2  (generation + 1)  -1
+150 −6 6th Great, great, great grandson
+125 −5 5 Great-great-great-grandson
+100 −4 4th Great-great-grandchildren
+75 −3 3 Great-grandchildren
+50 −2 2 grandson
+25 −1 1 children
00 I. Ego  (person,  test person ) 1 -
−25 01 II Parents  ( mother  ⚭  father ) 2 3
−50 02 III Grandparents 4th 7th
−75 03 IV Great grandparents 8th 15th
−100 04th V Great-great-grandparents Old parents 16 31
−125 05 VI Great-great-great grandparents Old big parents 32 63
−150 06th VII Great (× 4) grandparents Old very big parents 64 127
−175 07th VIII Great (× 5) grandparents Upper parents 128 255
−200 08th IX Great (× 6) grandparents Upper big parents 256 511
−225 09 X Great (× 7) grandparents Upper very big parents 512 1,023
−250 10 XI Great (× 8) grandparents tribe parents A1 1,024 2,047
−275 11 XII Great (× 9) grandparents tribe big parents 2,048 4,095
−300 12 XIII Great (× 10) grandparents tribe very big parents 4,096 8,191
−325 13 XIV Great (× 11) grandparents Ancestors parents 8,192 16,383
−350 14th XV Great (× 12) grandparents Ancestors big parents 16,384 32,767
−375 15th XVI Great (× 13) grandparents Ancestors very big parents 32,768 65,535
−400 16 XVII Great (× 14) grandparents ancestors parents 65,536 131,071
−425 17th XVIII Great (× 15) grandparents ancestors big parents 131,072 262.143
−450 18th XIX Great (× 16) grandparents ancestors very big parents 262.144 524.287
−475 19th XX Great (× 17) grandparents ore parents A2 524.288 1,048,575
−500 20th XXI Great (× 18) grandparents ore big parents 1,048,576 2,097,151
−525 21st XXII Great (× 19) grandparents ore very big parents 2,097,152 4,194,303
−550 22nd XXIII Great (× 20) grandparents Foreshadowing parents 4,194,304 8,388,607
−575 23 XXIV Great (× 21) grandparents Foreshadowing big parents 8,388,608 16,777,215
−600 24 XXV Great (× 22) grandparents Foreshadowing very big parents 16,777,216 33,554,431
≈ years generation Figuring designation Alternative naming Kekule number: from ... to
A1 Adam and Eve are named the first parents of the peoplein the first book of Moses (Genesis), also in the official language of the Catholic Church . " Ancestral father " and" ancestral mother " are the ( legendary ) founders of a family line , ancestry group , a clan , a tribe or a people (also ancestor, ancestor).
A2 The parents of the Israelites are the " patriarchs " Abraham , his son Isaac and his son Jacob as well as their four wives, the "patriarchs" Sarah , Rebekah , Lea and Rachel (see also the prefix arch- , the parent-parents and Abraham in Islam ).
Five generations of an Armenian family ("Five generations of an Armenian family"; Harry Finnis Blosse Lynch, London 1901)

24 generations span an estimated 600 years, if on average there is a new generation every 25 years , the actual generation gap is statistically calculated to be 30 or more years (at least 720 years). According to the Guinness Book of Records , Augusta Bunge's family from the USA lived through 7 generations of a straight line in a family in 1989 ; the seven individuals were aged 109, 89, 70, 52, 33, 15, and 0 years. In 2013, an 86-year-old Canadian woman experienced the 6th generation with the birth of her biological great-great-great-grandson, for whom she in turn is the great-great-great-grandmother (see also the list of the oldest people in the world ).

The Kekule number shows on the left ("from:") the mathematically maximum number of members of the respective generation (example: 8 great-grandparents); In purely mathematical terms, a person in the 24th generation had around 16.8 million ancestors , a total of 33,554,430 within the last 600–720 years. Since of these, however, z. B. by cousin marriages , very many overlap, because they occupy at least two ancestral positions in the entire ancestral list at the same time , the actual number of ancestors is quickly reduced to less than one percent of the logically possible (see ancestral loss and mathematical consideration of the ancestor generations ) .

According to the biological theory of descent , all human beings are related by blood to one another (as well as to all living things on earth). The archaeological genetics ( archaeogenetics ) has calculated in models that the last common ancestor of all humans alive today in Africa lived: the Y-chromosomal Adam before an estimated 75,000 years ago (he derived all of today's men from), and the Eve of mitochondria ago an estimated 175,000 years ago (from which the mitochondria of all modern humans are derived ). The entire world population is therefore genetically very closely related to one another through a huge ancestral community .

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Duden editorial team: great-great-grandparents. In: Duden online. Retrieved on March 22, 2018 : "Great-great-grandparents [...] parents of a great-grandfather or a great-grandmother" ; ibid: great-great-grandfather and great-great-grandmother.
  2. ↑ Duden editors: ur-, ur-. In: Duden online. Retrieved on March 22, 2018 : "ur-, Ur- [...] 2.a. denotes in formations with nouns - less often with adjectives - someone or something as a starting point, as far back, at the beginning [...] 3. denotes in formations with kinship terms the affiliation to the next or previous generation ” .
  3. ↑ a b Gabriele Rasuly-Paleczek: Relationship diagrams : rules in drawing. In: Introduction to Ethnosociology (Part 1/2). (PDF file; 250 kB; 82 pages) Lecture notes, Institute for Cultural and Social Anthropology, University of Vienna, 2006, p. 27 , archived from the original on October 1, 2008 ; retrieved on March 22, 2018 : “With regard to the generations, a numerical designation is often used, whereby there are two main forms: On the one hand, the z. B. Classification made by SCHMITZ, where in all diagrams the ascending generations are counted with Roman numerals (ego generation = I) and the descending generations with Arabic numerals (So generation = 1). (SCHMITZ (1964: p. 16, 2nd paragraph; cf. (SCHMITZ 1964: p. 16, Fig. 1: General diagram of the kinship order). A second possibility, which VIVELO uses, for example, is the following: Here the ego generation is denoted by 0, the ascending generations with + and the descending generations with - in front of the corresponding Arabic numbers. +2 refers to the second ascending generation (i.e. two generations above ego), +1 refers to the first ascending generation, 0 refers to the Ego's generation, -1 refers to the first descending generation, and -2 refers to the second descending generation. (VIVELO 1981: p. 218; see also Fig. 12.2.) " .
  4. ↑ a b The names from "old parents" listed in the table were taken from a table in the lower half of this trustworthy and very detailed website by Ulf Neundorfer: Kinship relationships (ancestral relationships and kinship terms ). Own website, 2008, accessed on March 22, 2018 : “Comment by e-mail from Mr. F. Ridler:“ The names for the ancestors before the great-grandparents, so ›old parents‹ etc. are inventions from around 1900, they are not traditional terms of the German language. At that time, genealogical journals made several different suggestions for such names [...] ›Ancestors 10 Generations Ago‹ seems easier to me than ›ancestral grandparents‹ «. my comment: Yes, there are a lot of names that can be used. z. B. one could also refer to the "regular grandparents" as U9 grandparents. I think it's just important that you stick to a term in your pedigree and then use it consistently. Ultimately, only the Kekulè numbers are clear ! "
  5. ^ Document of the Second Vatican Council : Dogmatic Constitution - Dei Verbum - On divine revelation. In: The Holy See: Archives . November 18, 1965, accessed on March 22, 2018 : "God [...] [...] also made himself known to the first parents at the beginning."
  6. ↑ Duden editorial team: Ancestors. In: Duden online. Retrieved on March 22, 2018 : "First parents [...] parents as founders of a tribe, a clan" ; ibid: ancestral mother, ancestral mother: "Woman as the founder of a tribe, a clan"; ibid: progenitor: "Man as founder of a tribe, a clan".
  7. ↑ Anke Mühling:  parenting. In: Michaela Bauks, Klaus Koenen, Stefan Alkier (eds.): The scientific Bibellexikon on the Internet (WiBiLex), Stuttgart 2006 ff. Article from July 2009, accessed on March 22, 2018; Quote: "Since their wives (Sara, Rebekka, Rahel and Lea) as" archmothers "or" ancestors "[...] are of essential importance in these stories despite their patriarchal character, the terminology" parent parents "begins in recent research. or to enforce »parent accounts« (cf. Fischer). "
  8. ↑ Entry: Most living generations (ever). In: Guinness Book of Records . Retrieved on March 22, 2018 (English): “The most generations alive in a single family has been seven. [...] " .
  9. ↑ Gerd Braune: Ottawa: Six generations live in a Canadian family. In: Badische Zeitung . July 19, 2013, accessed on March 22, 2018 : “Baby Ethan is the youngest member of the Steiner family in Mississauga, near Toronto. It is believed to be the only family in Canada that has six generations. […] Doreen Byers, who has been great-great-great-grandmother since the weekend, is Lenze 86 years old. "