Václav Kliment Klicpera

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Jan Vilímek : V. Klicpera

Václav Kliment Klicpera (born November 23, 1792 in Chlumec nad Cidlinou , † September 15, 1859 in Prague ) was a Czech writer and playwright .

Life

He began with an apprenticeship as a tailor and later a butcher. From 1808 he attended grammar school in Prague, began to study philosophy in 1813 and from 1816 to study medicine, which he broke off after two years. In 1813 he also joined the Association of Prague Patriots ( Sdružení pražských vlastenců ). The aim of this association was to give more recognition to Czech literature and the performance of Czech plays in Prague. They organized afternoon performances in amateur theater, in which he also appeared as an actor and for which he wrote the first plays.

In 1819 he became a professor in the field of studia humanitatis in Hradec Králové , married the actress Anna Klicperová (Švamberková), whom he met in the amateur theater (later the JK Týl - Tylovo divadlo theater ), of which he became director in 1837. A year later he married A. Trnková.

In 1846 he returned to Prague and taught at the Academic Gymnasium. His students included later personalities of cultural life such as Vítězslav Hálek , Jan Neruda , writer and revolutionary Josef Václav Frič , Alois Vojtěch Šmilovský and others. In 1848 he was elected to the National Committee ( Svatováclavský výbor ) and to the Tribune of the Academic Legion. He also joined the Bohemian Royal Association of Sciences. In 1850 he was promoted to the school council and in 1852 to the director of the now Czech-speaking Academic Gymnasium, but resigned in 1853 when German was again determined as the language of instruction and he retired.

He is buried in the Olšany Cemetery in Prague. In recognition of his achievements, the Klicpera Theater in Hradec Králové was named after him.

Create

He was the first major Czech playwright in the national movement . He wrote a total of 57 plays, from historical dramas at a high level to contemporary plays and his successful comedies. Also known in the Czech Republic are the squabbles of Klicperas, which represent characters of individual people rather than their conflicts. His work had a great influence on Bohemian culture, which is noticeable in the works of Josef Kajetán Tyl , among others . He supported the further development of the Bohemian theater in drama, which he published with Jan Hostivít Pospíšil in Hradec Králové and Prague as an almanac of plays ( Almanach Dramatyckých her ).

Works

tragedies

  • Sobieslaw ( Soběslav )
  • Libusha's court ( Libušin soud)
  • Svatislav, the last of the Svatopluk family (Svatislav, poslední Svatoplukovec)

Comedies

  • Žižka's sword (Žižkův meč)
  • Bělouši , 1818
  • Flood (Potopa světa)
  • Hadrián z Římsů , 1843
  • Three Counts at a Time (Tři hrabata najednou), 1846
  • Comedy on the Bridge (Veselohra na Mostě), 1828 - Bohuslav Martinů set the comedy to music as an opera in 1935.
  • The evil deer (Zlý jelen)

Rascals

  • The Miraculous Hat (Divotvorný klobouk), 1821
  • Everyone has something for their homeland (Každý něco pro vlast), 1833 - In this comedy he smiles at the egoism of some Bohemian patriots who pretend to carry the heavy burden of the public function that accompanies them out of love for their homeland, even though they are only theirs To whitewash ambition and pride.
  • Square horn (Rohovín Čtverrohý), 1830

Historical pieces

  • Coal Woman (Uhlířka)
  • Dutch in Prague (Nizozemčanné v Praze)
  • Eliška Přemyslovna
  • Fridrich Bojovný
  • Jan Hus - this game he burned (Jan Hus - tuto hru spálil)

Robber stories

  • Robbers in the Tábor Forest (Loupežníci v táborském lese)
  • Valdek , 1828
  • The Loket Bell (Loketský zvon), 1827
  • The Robbery (Loupež), 1835
  • Opatov Treasure (Opatovický poklad), 1843

fairy tale

  • Blaník , 1816 - Klicpera's first play. A fairy tale with jousting and thoughts of the national movement.
  • Jan exchanged for a greyhound (Jan za chrta dán), 1829
  • Bohemian wind bride Česká meluzina

Novels and short stories

  • Pindar a Korina
  • The first mill in Prague (První mlýn v Praze)
  • Totschnik ( Točník )
  • The arrival of Charles IV to Bohemia (Příchod Karla IV. Do Čech), 1855
  • King John the Blind (Král Jan Slepý), 1858
  • Saint Ivan (Svatý Ivan)
  • Věnceslav , 1834

Poems

  • Deklamovánky , 1841 - humorous, social poems with a patriotic touch

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Databáze Národní knihovny ČR : bibliographic evidence
  2. ↑ Databáze Národní knihovny ČR: bibliographic evidence
personal data
SURNAME Klicpera, Václav Kliment
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech writer and playwright
DATE OF BIRTH November 23, 1792
PLACE OF BIRTH Chlumec nad Cidlinou
DATE OF DEATH September 15, 1859
Place of death Prague