VEB Autobahnbaukombinat

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The state-owned company Autobahnbaukombinat (short: VEB Autobahnbaukombinat, ABK ) was a large company founded in 1969 with several operating parts and with over 6,000 employees throughout the GDR , which carried out the expansion of the autobahns.

history

1949-1969

In 1949 there were around 1,400 kilometers of autobahns from before 1945 on the territory of the GDR. Their expansion was viewed as secondary in the first 20 years of the GDR. Mainly state and district roads were repaired and renewed. The main load of freight traffic in the GDR was on the Deutsche Reichsbahn until 1989 . Initial plans to build new motorway routes (especially Berlin - Rostock , today A 19 ) were shelved when the Wall was built. At that time, the construction capacities were needed to build and expand the inner-German border and the Berlin Wall .

1969-1989

From the mid-1960s, however, there was renewed discussion about the construction of new motorway routes. In 1967 the SED decided "to use the means and capacities in road construction primarily for the expansion of the motorway network and to use modern industrial production methods in the construction of motorways". A new combine was founded for this purpose, the Autobahn Construction Combine . It was planned to connect Leipzig - Dresden , Berlin - Rostock and Halle - Magdeburg with new motorway routes. The economic upswing that had occurred in the GDR in the meantime made these plans unavoidable. The increasing mass motorization, but also the increased freight traffic on the road, brought the road network of the GDR to its limits. As the first major construction project, the construction of the motorway from Dresden to Leipzig was decided. The plan was to build 100 kilometers of motorway a year. The orientation was based on the motorway construction projects in the Federal Republic of Germany at the time . However, there was a lack of specialized construction companies for such an ambitious project in the GDR. This is where the motorway construction combine founded in 1969 came into play. However, he lacked the machines to be able to build at the necessary speed. To solve the problem, semi-automatic slipform pavers were bought in Belgium for one million Valutamark . After three years of construction, the Dresden-Leipzig motorway (today A 14 ) was inaugurated in October 1971. With the election of Erich Honecker as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED , the focus of the GDR construction projects was shifted to residential construction. The construction of the Berlin – Rostock autobahn, which had already started, was to be canceled. Construction was then continued at a reduced pace, and in 1978 the line to Rostock (now the A 19 ) was completed. In order to save money, however, the completion was only carried out with a few steel guard rails and without the three planned rest stops. Since the neighboring LPGs were involved in the construction work, several village entrances were made from the concrete that was actually intended for the construction of the motorway. After that, the main focus of the motorway construction combine was on the transit routes to the Federal Republic. Their construction and expansion have been paid for in foreign currency since the transit agreement of West Germany. First, the line from the Marienborn (Helmstedt) border crossing to Berlin was reconstructed, and in 1982 the new Berlin – Hamburg transit motorway (now the A 24 ) was rebuilt under great time pressure . For this purpose, the GDR also imported trucks from the West (including those from Mercedes-Benz ) as tippers and tipper semitrailers for the Autobahn construction combine. Some sections of the route - as in the Federal Republic of Germany - were built as temporary military autobahns , for example on the Berlin – Helmstedt route (today A 2 ).

Between 1980 and 1989, the construction capacities were primarily used for development, road and bridge construction work in East Berlin. Some of the motorway construction machines were also used for the construction of new military airfields or their runways. Waldemar Gromzig was the general director from 1969 to 1989 . In 1990 the combine was dissolved and the individual operations of the Treuhand closed or sold.

Operational parts of the combine

  • VEB Autobahnbaukombinat Magdeburg, Agnetenstr. 14 (Combine management, data center)
  • VEB Erdbau Magdeburg, Ohrestrasse
  • VEB Erdbau Magdeburg, Saalestrasse
  • VEB steel bridge construction experts
  • VEB Verkehrsbau Berlin
  • VEB Bridge Construction Dresden
  • VEB Straßenbau Weimar, after 1989 Straßenbau Weimar GmbH
  • VEB Straßenbau Potsdam, based on Nedlitz Island.
  • VEB engineering office Greifswald
  • VEB Research and Project Planning Babelsberg
The Friedrichsbrücke (new building) in Berlin-Mitte, built in 1982 by VE AKB

Special structures

Rostock-Laage Airport - The protective bunkers for the aircraft are outside the right-hand edge of the picture, the BAB 19 runs in the forest above the taxiway
  • Bridge over the Elbe in Dresden ( Carolabrücke ) 1969 to 1972 by the VEB Autobahnbaukombinat Brückenbau Dresden
  • City highways in the major GDR cities, including the "Tangente F 71 " in Magdeburg (approved 1976)
  • Transport infrastructure and concrete dome of the nuclear power plant near Stendal (until 1990)
  • U-Bahn line extension in Berlin to Tierpark (earthworks and civil engineering work 1970)
  • Foreign projects in the non-socialist economic area , u. a. Bridge and tunnel construction in the VDR Yemen and developments in the Republic of Ghana ( Kumasi )
  • Templin / Groß Dölln airfield , largest former military airfield (of the Soviet army) in Europe or on the territory of the former GDR. Since the mid-1980s to 1990s, the VEB Autobahnbaukombinat Straßenbau Weimar has expanded and converted it
  • NVA airfield Marxwalde (today airfield Neuhardenberg ), reconstruction in 1975 by VEB Autobahnbaukombinat Straßenbau Potsdam
  • NVA airfield Peenemünde , reconstruction 1970–1972, relocation and expansion of the runway in north-south direction by the VEB Autobahnbaukombinat Straßenbau Potsdam
  • Dresden-Klotzsche Airport , modernization from 1987 to 1989 by the VEB Autobahnbaukombinat Straßenbau Potsdam
  • Development, bridge and road construction work from 1975 to 1990 in East Berlin ( Thälmannpark ), road construction in Berlin-Marzahn , Hohenschönhausen , Hellersdorf , traffic solutions in Berlin-Köpenick , traffic solution Spittelmarkt with bridge, expansion of Landsberger Chaussee and Rhinstrasse, bridge over the S-Bahn Berlin Pankow-Heinersdorf “Black Bridge”, development of the Nikolaiviertel etc. by the VEB Autobahnbaukombinat, the companies Verkehrsbau Berlin, Bridge Construction Dresden, Stahlbrückenbau Könnern, Road Construction Potsdam and Weimar, research and project planning.

Other construction sites:

  • Opencast mine Rötha, Espenhein, recultivation
  • Motorway construction Leipzig – Dresden
  • Demolition of the old tank factory in Plauen (near Plauener Spitze)
  • Excavation of tram depot Erfurt (Windischholzhausen)
  • Construction of the structure at Teicha for motorway construction A14 Halle – Magdeburg

Web links

Movie

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On the use of western vehicles at Deutrans and the Autobahn Construction Combine
  2. ↑ To the military temporary airfields on GDR highways
  3. ^ Laage military airfield was built by ABK Potsdam as part of the Berlin-Rostock route
  4. ↑ History of the Friedrichsbrücke