Friedrichsbrücke
Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 14 ″ N , 13 ° 24 ′ 1 ″ E
| Friedrichsbrücke | ||
|---|---|---|
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| use | Cyclists and pedestrians | |
| Convicted | Spree | |
| place |
Berlin district Berlin-Mitte |
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| construction | Prestressed concrete, single arch | |
| overall length | 69.30 m | |
| width | 12.50 m | |
| Clear height | 4.50 m | |
| start of building | January 1981 | |
| completion | September 30, 1982 | |
| location | ||
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The Friedrichsbrücke is a bridge crossing the Spree in Berlin between the districts of Alt-Berlin and Alt-Kölln . It connects Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strasse with Bodestrasse . Since its first construction in 1703, the Friedrichsbrücke has been completely renovated several times and is a listed building .
history
The Great Pomeranzenbrücke becomes the Friedrichsbrücke
At the beginning of the 18th century, there were around 30 bridges over the Spree in the center of Berlin, one of which was the multi-span Great Pomeranzenbrücke , built in 1703 . It was an important spree crossing between the formerly independent cities of Kölln and Berlin.
The bridge was named after the Pomeranzenhaus on the Spree island, which in the 18th century had no museums. Friedrich II attached importance to an appealing expansion of his residence town and among other things commissioned Georg Friedrich von Boumann to build the new bridge . According to his designs, a brick vaulted bridge was completed in 1769 , which after further renovation work led by Carl Ferdinand Langhans (reinforcement of the roadway with wooden planks) was given its current name in 1792 in honor of the king and was occasionally referred to as the New Friedrichsbrücke . The construction consisted of six vaults and a central hinged bridge part with a stand and lifting boom for unhindered passage of the sailing ships of the time. It had a cast iron railing and was 240 Prussian feet (75 meters) long.
Remodeling work in the 19th century
The growing traffic load in the center of Berlin also led here (as with the Iron Bridge ) to another necessary renovation, which was carried out in 1822/1823. The clinker vaults were demolished, the hinged parts removed and, using the existing bridge piers, a heavily modified Friedrichsbrücke was created with seven cast - iron half-timbered arches. The stresses caused by traffic and the use of military units led to another construction project in 1872–1875, in which the bridge was widened to 16 meters. Ten years later, new problems arose due to the increasing ship traffic in the inner city area: The deepening of the fairway endangered the stability of the bridge foundation, and the passage height of 2.10 m was no longer sufficient, so the iron structure had to be demolished.
Construction of the Friedrichsbrücke in the 20th century
After lengthy clarifications about the financing, the city administration finally decided on a completely new building. The new bridge consisted of three arches on brick pillars, abutments and vaults were built from clinker. Sandstone was used for the visible surfaces, railings and superstructures. The roadway was paved with wood, the walkways were covered with granite slabs. The fittings, with copper lamp holders on stone plinths based on models by Karl Begas and Carl Piper (allegories of the four continents of Europe, Africa, America and Asia) and obelisks on the abutments, were based on the museum buildings that have now been built nearby. The new construction work with a change in position of the bridge took place between 1891 and 1893, a temporary bridge for pedestrians on the old foundations made it possible to cross the Spree during the construction period. The new Friedrichsbrücke had a clear passage height for the ships of 3.2 meters with an arch width of 17 meters. On a postcard from 1901 this bridge is also called "Kaiser-Friedrich-Brücke".
Blasted during World War II and rebuilt as a pedestrian bridge
During the Second World War, Wehrmacht troops blew up the central vault to hinder the advance of the Red Army during the Battle of Berlin . Soon after the end of the war, the blasted part was replaced by a provisional makeshift bridge made of steel girders with a wooden covering, the destroyed parts of the vault were demolished and the Spree was made navigable again by clearing the rubble. The emergency bridge could only be used by pedestrians.
On January 26, 1981, the starting shot for the reconstruction of the bridge was given by the VEB Autobahnbaukombinat based on its original model . A prestressed concrete frame now serves as the supporting structure. By shifting the bridge slightly downstream, the obelisks at the entrances to the bridge could be included in the reconstruction. The use of sandstone for the railing, the parapets and the abutment cladding again fits very well into the ensemble of monuments on Museum Island. The new Friedrichsbrücke remained closed to vehicle traffic.
Basic repairs 2012–2014
From 2012 to June 2014 the Friedrichsbrücke was completely overhauled. In order to restore the original reference to the historical width of 27 meters, the bridge was enlarged to the north and south. Around 7.7 million euros were spent on the renovation . The construction work was completed at the end of June 2014. The 60 meter long steel longitudinal girders required for the widening were lifted in two steps from the ship in autumn 2013 using two cranes. During this work, the existing historical natural sandstone elements of the balustrades and obelisks were also restored in terms of monument preservation . The historical obelisks were positioned in their original locations and the bridge abutments were clad with existing sandstone. As in 1894, the northern pedestrian area leads to the colonnade on Museum Island.
Events
The lighting designer Mischa Kuball and architects Riken Yamamoto and Beda Faessler participated in 2004 where the nightly illumination of the Friedrich Bridge ( "Bridge of Light") between May 8 and June 3, Schering Group con_con "sponsored city-wide cultural project Festival: constructed connections ".
On April 12, 2008, an open-air event organized by Henry Seroka with a 90-part choir and orchestra took place at Friedrichsbrücke. The focus was on Gunter Gabriel with his hit "Hands off Tempelhof".
Neighboring structures
On the Museum Island, right next to the Friedrichsbrücke, are the Old Museum and the Old National Gallery with the characteristic colonnades in front of it. One end of the Friedrichsbrücke was dominated by the Berlin Stock Exchange , which was destroyed in World War II. The structural remains only disappeared in 1999/2000 when the new DomAquarée was built . The building on the other corner of Burgstrasse (house number 26) is a listed and now renovated commercial building from 1910 or 1911.
See also
literature
- The architectural and art monuments of the GDR. Berlin, I; Edited by the Institute for Monument Preservation at Henschelverlag, page 191; Berlin 1984
- Eckhard Thiemann, Dieter Deszyk, Horstpeter Metzing: Berlin and his bridges , Jaron Verlag, Berlin 2003, pages 61-65; ISBN 3-89773-073-1
Web links
- Official flyer of the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment (PDF; 3.3 MB)
- Information and pictures about the bridge widening
- The Friedrichsbrücke near Luise-Berlin
- 14 detailed photos at structurae
- Old postcard of the Friedrichsbrücke, you can see the four lamp carriers and the obelisk with an eagle on top
Individual evidence
- ↑ Architectural monument: Friedrichsbrücke, accessed on October 24, 2016
- ↑ The cast-iron arch truss bridges in Germany. In: Friedrich Heinzerling: The bridges in iron . Verlag von Otto Spamer, Leipzig 1870, p. 99 ( full text in Google Book Search).
- ↑ the bridge on a historical postcard; Retrieved on March 16, 2009 ( Memento of the original from March 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Photo series about the Friedrichsbrücke before and after the last new building in 1982 , accessed on March 16, 2009.
- ↑ Senator Müller releases the Friedrichsbrücke in Berlin-Mitte, which has been renovated and widened in accordance with the monument, to the public. Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment, June 27, 2014, accessed on August 1, 2014 .
- ↑ Information about the “Light Bridge” project in summer 2004 ( memento of the original from October 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; Retrieved September 3, 2012
- ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Info on the open-air concert in April 2008
- ↑ Architectural monument commercial building at Burgstrasse 26
