Salvador Allende Bridge
Coordinates: 52 ° 26 ′ 58 ″ N , 13 ° 35 ′ 37 ″ E
| Salvador Allende Bridge | ||
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| use | Road traffic | |
| Convicted | Salvador Allende Street | |
| Crossing of | Spree | |
| place | Berlin-Koepenick | |
| construction | five-span prestressed concrete girder bridge | |
| overall length | 136.0 m | |
| width | 29.9 m | |
| Longest span | about 28 m | |
| Clear height | 4.55 | |
| start of building | 1979 | |
| completion | 1981 | |
| location | ||
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The Salvador-Allende-Brücke is a bridge in the Berlin district of Köpenick that has existed since 1981 . In addition to the Wilhelm Spindler Bridge , it is one of the busiest and therefore most important bridges over the Spree in Köpenick. Due to severe structural damage that came to light during inspections in 2015, the crossing was initially restricted, but was completely interrupted from the beginning of 2019. A completely new building started at the same time and should be completed by 2021 at the latest.
First built in the 1970s
Housing construction activities in East Berlin in the 1960s led to the construction of completely new residential areas in Köpenick and the surrounding area, with the influx of thousands of new residents. The supply of the shopping facilities as well as the increasing individual motor vehicle traffic required the construction of a generously dimensioned bridge over the Spree. The unadorned bridge, which was completed by 1981, was named Salvador Allende Bridge after the Chilean President Salvador Allende , who was also the namesake of a new residential area in Köpenick . It is a prestressed concrete construction that runs over five fields , consists of two directional lanes and rests on hollow box girders. The three middle fields are supported by three river pillars each, the others are supported to the north and south on land abutments. The two river pillars standing next to each other have a common foundation.
In the 2010s: repairs needed
Regular inspections of the building revealed, in addition to inadequate seals, increasing damage to the concrete, the cause of which is seen in the cement-gravel mixture with too high an alkali content used at the time of construction. Together with the existing moisture, this led to the alkali-silica reaction (ASR), which disintegrated the concrete and caused the steel to weather. The stability of the bridge and further unrestricted use of the bridge had not been guaranteed since the beginning of the 2010s. According to a statics report prepared on behalf of the responsible Senate Department for Urban Development, the western half of the bridge was closed to vehicle traffic on February 21, 2014. Since then, all traffic has only flowed over the eastern side of the bridge with one lane in each direction of travel. In the same year the Senate announced a competition for a new building with the following specifications: “The subject of the contract is the planning of the demolition of an approximately 136 m long 4-span prestressed concrete bridge with two separate superstructures (each approximately 14.35 m wide) and north of adjoining supporting walls of approx. 113 m and 60 m length as well as the planning of the replacement new buildings. "
After the submitted concepts, it was decided to start the corresponding new building work in spring 2015. However, the preliminary planning showed that the originally estimated costs will rise from 15.7 million euros to 31 million euros . As a result, the financial requirements had to be renegotiated and the start of construction work had to be postponed. A three-field bridge with two separate steel bridge halves is being built. The new bridge is expected to go into operation in 2021. Of the expected construction costs of 31.6 million euros, 90 percent will be funded as part of the joint task program to improve the regional economic structure .
Since May 23, 2017, the bridge was only passable at 10 km / h and for vehicles up to 18 tons due to the structural damage.
Full closure in January 2019
In January 2019, experts discovered further cracks in the structure, which led to an immediate full closure of the entire bridge to vehicle traffic. Only pedestrians and cyclists could still pass through. Special use by rescue vehicles is also rejected by the construction experts.
This closure leads to massive traffic problems in the entire district area, as the bridge forms an important crossing of the Spree for residents and commuters from Köepnick to Erkner and Lichtenberg. During rush hour, this often resulted in delays in road traffic of up to 90 minutes.
Power cut in February 2019
On February 19, 2019, construction work on the bridge led to a 31-hour power outage in parts of Köpenick. Simultaneous damage to both high-voltage lines of a substation resulted in a power failure in the districts of Köpenick , Bohnsdorf , Grünau , Müggelheim and Schmöckwitz , affecting around 31,500 households and 1,920 commercial customers. As a result of the failure, the Köpenick and Friedrichshagen combined heat and power plants had to be switched off, leaving around 5,000 households without a heat supply. Classes were canceled in 19 schools, and some BVG tram lines had no power. Due to failed telephone and cellular networks, residents were asked to contact the nearest fire or police station in an emergency, or to ask BVG staff to make emergency calls via their company radio. The Köpenick hospital was not affected because of its own emergency power supply, but had 23 intensive care patients transferred to other hospitals as a precaution.
On the evening of February 20, the power supply was restored, and the first consumers were back on the grid around 7 p.m.
The damage was caused by a horizontal drilling on the north-eastern access ramp: at 2:07 p.m. and 2:10 p.m., two 110 kV lines of the Berlin power grid were cut. The lines involved the redundant connections between the Landjägerstrasse substation and the Gelnitzstrasse and Lauffenerstrasse substations. A usually spatially separated laying of redundant power lines (if one line fails, the second line takes over the power supply) does not exist in the present case. Due to the transfer of both lines over the Spree, both lines were laid just one meter apart over the Salvador-Allende Bridge. A second bridge overpass would have been required for a spatially separated line installation, which was ruled out for cost reasons.
According to a statement from the distribution network operator Stromnetz Berlin , a subsidiary of Vattenfall , the civil engineering company had not obtained route information, it was illegal. The power outage is the largest in Berlin, especially in terms of the number of customers affected and the duration.
Due to the extent of the damage - all three individual conductors of both lines were affected - the troubleshooting took until the evening of February 20th. After digging a construction pit, two teams were able to install six sleeves from midnight . Six hours of work were required for each repaired joint.
As the new bridge was built, the most striking piece of cable that led to the power failure was handed over to the mayor of Köpenick as a souvenir in July 2019. It should have a place in the local history museum.
New bridge in the same place
Construction work began in September 2017 with the laying of a drinking water pipeline under the river bed. After that, the already closed western half of the bridge was to be demolished, which should be followed by the eastern half after its renewal. There had been two tendering procedures for the demolition work. The originally planned restricted traffic management during the renovation work on one lane in each direction of travel had to be abandoned in January 2019 due to the very massive bridge damage .
The new bridge structure in its original form will be 129 meters long and almost thirty meters wide and will be inaugurated in the second quarter of 2021. The shell of the first part of the renewed bridge was completed in early August 2019, so the construction work is on schedule.
The first part of the new bridge was opened to traffic on November 22, 2019, 14 days earlier than planned.
Initially, due to static problems on the abutments caused by the construction work on the other half of the bridge, the maximum permissible speed remained at 10 km / h. After resolving this problem, however, the speed limit was retained due to omissions in the application process.
On and on the bridge
In each direction of travel there were two lanes separated by a wide median, which are divided between the two parts of the bridge. This design will also be restored in the course of the new construction of the bridge.
The bus routes 169, 269 and X69 of the Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe run over the bridge. The Neuenhagener Mühlenfließ , also known as Erpe , flows into the north bank of the section of the river called Müggelspree, 50 meters upstream of the Salvador-Allende bridge . Several water sports clubs have established themselves in the immediate vicinity.
literature
- Thiemann, Deszyk, Metzing: Berlin and his bridges , Jaron Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-89773-073-1 , p. 108
Web links
- Salvador Allende Bridge at Brückenweb.de
- Homepage with a description of the problem and numerous photos: Berlin: Demolition, a done deal - can't the Allende Bridge be saved? (PDF; 20 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wasserstraßenamt with details of clearance heights (PDF; 65 kB)
- ↑ Homepage ABR Ingenieurgesellschaft ( Memento from March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Tendering procedure for the new construction of the Salvador-Allende-Bridge on www.competitiononline.de; Retrieved April 7, 2016.
- ↑ The date for the new building cannot be kept. at Berliner Woche , June 24, 2015; Retrieved April 7, 2016.
- ↑ Blocking in Köpenick. Allende bridge gone, traffic jam there . Berliner Zeitung (online), January 25, 2019. Retrieved January 26, 2019.
- ↑ a b c WORLD DOCUMENT: Repairs under high pressure - press conference on the power failure in Berlin. In: Youtube. Die Welt, February 20, 2019, accessed on February 20, 2019 .
- ↑ Kathrin Michulla, Dorothea Nitzsche, Norbert Koch-Klaucke, Katrin Bischoff, Olga Bobileva: News blog Power failure: The lights are on again in Köpenick. In: berliner-zeitung.de. Berliner Zeitung, February 20, 2019, accessed on February 20, 2019 (German).
- ↑ Power failure: information on behavior and mobile contact points. In: press release. District Office Treptow-Köpenick, February 19, 2019, accessed on February 20, 2019 .
- ↑ The largest and longest power outage in Berlin for decades. In: tagesspiegel.de. Der Tagesspiegel, February 21, 2019, accessed on February 21, 2019 .
- ↑ Stefan Jacobs: Power failure in Berlin-Köpenick: Construction company is said to have acted grossly against the rules. In: tagesspiegel.de. Der Tagesspiegel , February 20, 2019, accessed on February 20, 2019 .
- ↑ D. Wetzel: The blackout in Berlin-Köpenick raises questions about security of supply. Experts say such an incident can be repeated quickly. Die Welt, February 21, 2019.
- ↑ Cable is reminiscent of a 30-hour power failure at Köpenick. Berliner Morgenpost , July 30, 2019, archived from the original on August 6, 2019 .
- ↑ Peter Neumann: The crumbling bridge at Köpenick is being torn down . In: Berliner Zeitung , September 19, 2017, p. 14 (print edition).
- ↑ Ralph Drescher: The new construction of the Allende Bridge should go into operation by the end of the year , at www.berliner-woche.de; accessed on August 6, 2019.