Rossstrasse Bridge
Coordinates: 52 ° 30 ′ 45 ″ N , 13 ° 24 ′ 30 ″ E
| Rossstrasse Bridge | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| use | Road traffic | |
| Convicted | New Roßstrasse - "Fischerinsel" (former Roßstrasse) | |
| Crossing of | Spree | |
| place | Berlin center | |
| construction | single arched brick vault bridge | |
| overall length | around 30 m | |
| width | 19.8 m | |
| Longest span | 18.0 m | |
| Clear height | around 4.5 m | |
| start of building | 1899 | |
| completion | 1901 | |
| planner | Ludwig Hoffmann , 1897 | |
| location | ||
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The Roßstrasse Bridge is one of the three oldest Spree crossings in the city of Berlin . It was part of a traffic route to Köpenick and was located right behind the Köpenicker Tor , which is why it was initially called the Köpenicker Bridge . Today's Roßstrasse Bridge was built from stone between 1899 and 1901. After severe damage in the Second World War , it was rebuilt in a simplified manner. It connects the fishing island to the historic area of Neu-Cölln the water and stands since the 1970s under monument protection .
history
The town of Alt-Kölln grew around the Spree island and the left arm of the Spree in the 13th century . The merger with old Berlin led to the construction of a common city wall with side gates corresponding to the trade routes. At the gateway to Köpenick , the residents built a hinged wooden bridge, which was named Köpenick Bridge . The facility, which was designed as a double bridge because of the course of the river, underwent a total renovation by 1683 when the city fortifications were changed under Elector Friedrich Wilhelm : a sinusoidal upper part of the bridge in combination with a wooden substructure and flaps for the ship passages in the middle opening were implemented. A historical source from the 18th century also suggests that the Köpenicker Bridge and the Roßstrasse Bridge were different locally spaced structures:
“[…] U) The Roßstrasse Bridge, leads from Neukölln to Altkölln over the Friedrichsgracht. This bridge was there at least in the 16th century.
v) The Köpenickerbrücke, leads over the former moat, from Neukölln to the Köllnische suburb. This bridge was built at the same time as the fortification. Now that the moat has been narrowed, there are houses on both sides. At the time of the fortification, the Köpenicker Thor stood on this side of the same, to the right of the Roßstrasse Bridge. It was canceled in 1735; the Krausensche house is built on the spot where it stood [...] "
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In 1835 a royal order confirmed the new name Roßstrassebrücke . Constant repairs to the structure made it possible to use the bridge until it was rebuilt in the 19th century. In 1876 the city of Berlin decided to canalize the western arm of the Spree, at the same time all bridges passed into their ownership. This enabled the old bridge to be torn down and rebuilt as a massive structure in the shape of a basket arch made of sandstone . The construction plans come from Ludwig Hoffmann . The builders underlined the name of the bridge by erecting a three meter high column with a jumping horse on the top of the bridge on the east side. The western face of the bridge was given a stone railing with 13 sandstone figures on small projections on the water side. The bridge jewelry came from the workshop of the sculptor August Vogel .
The entire area around this bridge was the site of fighting during the March Revolution of 1848 . A cast-iron plaque attached to the bridge on March 14, 1998 commemorates it with the following words:
“For democratic tradition and revolutionary spirit.
1848 MARCH REVOLUTION 1998
Here on March 18
a barricade blocked the attacking troops
from crossing the Rossbrücke. In the immediate vicinity,
the student Herrmann von Holzendorf was
killed as a prisoner by soldiers. [...] "
In the 1920s there were further riots in Berlin, during which police officers were deployed near the Roßstrasse Bridge. At the end of the Second World War , the Roßstrasse Bridge was hit by several bombs, which penetrated the vault and tore off the railing. As early as the summer of 1945, a wooden emergency bridge secured access to the residential areas on both sides of the Spree. In 1946 the vaults were rebuilt and the ceiling closed, and in 1958 the East Berlin administration had a new parapet made of sandstone blocks erected. All of the bridge jewelry is no longer there.
Basic repairs and renovation in line with listed buildings
Between 2019 and 2021, the Roßstrasse Bridge is to be extensively refurbished and renovated in accordance with the listed buildings. For this purpose, the bridge will be completely closed to both traffic and pedestrians from December 2019 until probably autumn 2021. The construction measure means some diversions of bus and individual traffic in the area of downtown Berlin .
Construction process and construction measures
The basic repairs will include the complete dismantling of the pavement and road surface, partly the reinforced concrete bridge reinforcement , the railings and the protective pipes of the supply lines. The bridge construction is reinforced with a solid reinforced concrete slab and numerous anchors within the natural stone arch . The bridge construction, including the foundations , will be protected over the entire area with a new waterproofing layer. The railings made of natural stone will be repaired in accordance with listed buildings and stabilized with an inner steel construction during the reconstruction . The extensive cracks in the bridge arch are pressed and closed by the water. The sidewalks and the carriageway as well as the connecting areas will receive a new asphalt surface. Several new cable conduits for the supply lines are installed. After completion of the basic repairs and the relocation of the lines, the temporary line bridge will be dismantled.
Increase in the bridge class
The current classification in bridge class 16/16 according to DIN 1072 will be increased to bridge class 30/30 according to DIN 1072 as part of the basic repairs. This means that the main and side lanes can in future be used by heavy goods vehicles with a total load of up to 30 t .
building-costs
The total costs of the construction measure amount to around 2.4 million euros.
Adjacent
Upstream a few meters behind the bridge is a tiered, multi-storey brick building with several large arched windows . This is either a warehouse or a former factory . At the southern end of the Roßstrasse bridge, a narrow staircase leads down to the Märkischer Ufer, where the Ermelerhaus was rebuilt in 1969 and other historic houses on the old Friedrichsgracht have been preserved. Two larger corner buildings stand at this end of the bridge like two old gatehouses: the Residenzhotel Henriette and the Hotel Großer Kurfürst . The next cross street is Wallstrasse , which shows, among other things, the Art Nouveau building, consisting of a reinforced concrete skeleton and clad with majolica panels , at number 76-79. Since its establishment in 1913, this served a textile entrepreneur, then the carpenters' guild, was the provisional seat of the new KPD leadership in 1946 and the later Dietz publishing house . Today the listed building houses the Australian Embassy in Berlin . Directly on the corner of Neue Roßstrasse 14/15 / Wallstrasse 27 is a commercial building from 1913 (architects Hoeniger and Sedelmeier), which housed the building academy's information point during the GDR era. The Fischerinsel , the southern end of the Spree Island , extends north of the bridge . Here, in the 1960s, the old Berlin houses were demolished and new high-rise buildings were built.
At the beginning of November 2008, the real estate agent and lawyer Friedhelm Sodenkamp was shot dead on the banks of the Spree between the Roßstrasse and Grünstrasse bridges.
See also
literature
- Eckhard Thiemann, Dieter Deszyk, Horstpeter Metzing: Berlin and his bridges , Jaron Verlag, Berlin 2003, page 80; ISBN 3-89773-073-1 .
Web links
- Architectural monument, Fischerinsel, Roßstrasse Bridge, 1899
- Rossstrasse Bridge. In: Structurae
- Structure data and text (based on Luise-Berlin) ( Memento from November 5, 2004 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ^ Description of the royal residence cities of Berlin and Potsdam, all the peculiarities located there, and the surrounding area. Friedrich Nicolai (Verlag) Berlin, 3rd revised edition 1786; Retrieved April 7, 2009
- ^ Roßstraßenbrücke - roads and bridges for Berlin / Land Berlin. Retrieved December 9, 2019 .
- ↑ Architectural monument commercial building Wallstrasse 76–79 / Märkisches Ufer 6/20, 1912 by Fritz Crzellitzer
- ^ Homepage of the Australian Embassy
- ↑ Architectural monument Wallstrasse 27, 1913
- ↑ The architectural and art monuments of the GDR, Berlin. I , Ed. Institute for Monument Preservation at Henschelverlag, Berlin, 1984; Pp. 250/251
- ↑ Fischerinsel murderer apparently caught . In: Der Tagesspiegel , March 16, 2009; Retrieved April 7, 2009