Island bridge
Coordinates: 52 ° 30 ′ 48 ″ N , 13 ° 24 ′ 38 ″ E
| Island bridge | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
||
| use | pedestrian | |
| Convicted | Island road | |
| Crossing of | Spree Canal , Friedrichsgracht | |
| place | Mitte district | |
| construction | three-arched stone bridge | |
| overall length | 49.7 m | |
| width | 19.9 m | |
| Clear height | 4.25 m | |
| start of building | 1912 | |
| opening | September 22, 1913 | |
| location | ||
|
||
|
severe damage in World War II |
||
The Inselbrücke is a road bridge over the western arm of the Spree that has existed since the 17th century. It is the first bridge in the direction of the river on the Spreeinsel and is located in the catchment area of the historic Berlin harbor. Today's stone vaulted bridge dates from the years 1912–1913, built according to plans by Ludwig Hoffmann and Stadtbaurat Krause and is a listed building .
history
In 1693, in connection with the first development of Alt-Cölln , a multi-span wooden yoke bridge with a flap passage for shipping was built at today's location . In an official bridge directory from 1709 it was named "Bridge from the Cöllnischer Wursthofe over the canal to Neu-Cölln". The bridge, which is only around 5 m wide, has been repaired several times and served as an important river crossing in the city for around 200 years. With the expansion of the Mühlendamm , the main shipping route shifted to the northern branch of the Spree, and so a new, wider bridge could be started at the beginning of the 20th century. Ludwig Hoffmann, who had just completed the neighboring Roßstrasse Bridge, provided the new construction plans for a stone arch bridge.
.jpg)
Construction work began in September 1912, for which the old structure was initially completely removed. The subsoil conditions required a deep pile foundation for the northern pillar and structural precautions had to be taken for the construction of the underground tunnel at this point. Three clinker vaults with opening widths of 11.0 m, 18.0 m and 11.0 m were walled up with falsework and provided with joints on the transoms and in the crown. After the completed structure had settled, the joints were closed and the visible surfaces were covered with Kirchheim shell limestone . The baluster parapets were made from the same material in the neo-baroque style . The rich bridge decorations (coats of arms, cartouches , animal reliefs) planned by Christian Daniel Rauch did not meet with imperial approval. However, after it was opened to traffic in 1913, four obelisks flanked by putti were added over the central pillars.
At the end of the Second World War, shell hits and the demolition operations of the German Wehrmacht damaged the island bridge considerably. In the early 1950s it was provisionally restored. Between 1946 and 1948, a hole in the bridge covering above the northern arch was used as a loading point for household waste, which was brought out of the city by push boats. In the 1960s, in connection with the construction of numerous new residential buildings on Fischerinsel, all existing damage to the island bridge was removed and full functionality was restored. The smashed figural jewelry was lost. In 1999/2000, the now responsible Senate Administration had the bridge structure completely renovated, with the underwater condition of the pillars and abutments as well as the maintenance of the underground tunnel running under the Spree being carefully examined. The divers found 20 well-preserved stone blocks from the bridge in the silt , including parts of the stone putti and obelisks as well as a large shell limestone plinth. All parts were then restored or reworked in a stonemason's workshop in Spandau. With the end of this reconstruction work, the island bridge was closed to normal traffic.
In the neighborhood
- To the south of the Inselbrücke, numerous buildings from around 1900 have been preserved in Inselstrasse, Wallstrasse and on the Märkischer Ufer, almost all of which are on the Berlin State Monument List. The trade union building of Franz Hoffmann and Max Taut , completed in 1923 and expanded by Walter Würzbach from 1930 to 1932, is within sight of the Fischerinsel . This building is a frequent destination for architecture experts around the world because it was one of the first monolithic concrete structures.
- The Kölln High School on the same corner was comprehensively renovated in 2009 , where many famous personalities such as Hermann Ascher , Werner Klemke and Alfred Wegener learned or taught.
The Berlin Inselbrücke in art
- Franz Skarbina (1849–1910) made a painting in 1895 with the title Auf der Inselbrücke . The evening representation shows a piece of the wooden railing of the first bridge in the left foreground.
- Julius Jacob the Younger painted an old Berlin view, view from the Inselbrücke onto Stralauer Strasse (north upstream)
- Ernst Fritsch (1892–1965) created a 100 cm × 70 cm oil painting in 1935 with the title Berlin on the Inselbrücke .
- Georg Graf (1883–1958), also painted an oil painting on canvas with the motif Berlin, view of the island bridge between Friedrichsgracht and Märkischer Ufer. In the foreground cargo ship.
See also
literature
- Eckhard Thiemann, Dieter Deszyk, Horstpeter Metzing: Berlin and its bridges . Jaron Verlag, Berlin 2003, pp. 78–79; ISBN 3-89773-073-1 .
- Federal Ministry for Transport, Building and Housing (Ed.): Steinbrücken in Deutschland , Verlag Bau und Technik, Düsseldorf, ISBN 3-7640-0389-8 , 1999; Pp. 18-21
Web links
- Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- Island bridge. In: Structurae
- Senate homepage with 3 historical photos of the Inselbrücke: 1911 (wooden bridge), 1916 (stone bridge, complete with jewelry), 1925 (ditto)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List with further information
- ↑ Berlin and its bridges, ... , p. 78
- ↑ Information material (pdf, A Rep. 261 No. 4; 99 kB) from the Berlin State Archives; Retrieved on April 5, 2009 ( Memento of the original from July 7, 2004 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Uwe Aulich: Divers get stones from the island bridge from the Spree. Historical figures have been in the water for 50 years / renovation begins in summer. Article in the "Berliner Zeitung" from April 28, 1999
- ↑ Architectural monument trade union building
- ↑ Architectural monument of the Köllnisches Gymnasium
- ↑ picture by Skarbina on artnet.de; Retrieved April 5, 2009
- ↑ auction info; Retrieved April 5, 2009
- ^ Leo Spik Auctions
