Max Taut

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School complex in Berlin-Rummelsburg , Schlichtallee / Fischerstraße

Max Taut (born May 15, 1884 in Königsberg , † February 26, 1967 in Berlin ) was a German architect who, together with his brother Bruno Taut and Franz Hoffmann, ran an architecture office in Berlin.

Life

First buildings after training

Max Taut joined the architects Taut & Hoffmann, founded in 1909, as the third party in 1912 . He was particularly known in the 1920s for his functional office buildings for the unions. He was a member of the Glass Chain , the November Group and the avant-garde architects' association of the Zehnerring . Max Taut was a welcome guest on the island of Hiddensee and was able to design and build a house every year between 1922 and 1925. None of the houses are comparable to the others, but all are integrated into the landscape. The Association House of German Book Printers (1924–1926) on Dudenstrasse in Berlin and the department store of the consumer cooperatives (1930–1933) on Oranienplatz are among his most important works, which are included in the Berlin list of monuments.

In 1927 a competition was announced for the construction of a new school complex on Schlichtallee / Fischerstraße in Berlin-Rummelsburg , in which Hans Scharoun , Heinz Stoffregen , Max Taut and Peter Jürgensen took part. Taut's plans were implemented in the following years as a pilot project for a large school. Most of the school complex, which is one of the largest new school buildings in the Weimar Republic , was completed in 1932. In 1933 Max Taut - like his brother Bruno - was excluded from participating in all public construction projects for political reasons and moved to Chorin .

After the Second World War

After the Second World War , Taut founded a new architecture school in 1945 together with Wilhelm Büning at what was then the University of the Arts (since 2001 Berlin University of the Arts ). In 1946 the architecture firm Taut & Hoffmann was re-established in Berlin-Charlottenburg , but without Bruno Taut. Max Taut's post-war works include a. the renovation of the Mendelssohn Remise in Berlin-Mitte (1948), the Reutersiedlung (1948–1952) in Bonn, the Ludwig-Georgs-Gymnasium (1951–1955) in Darmstadt. Taut was also a member of the six-person architecture committee founded in 1949 for the development of the federal capital Bonn . (The other members were Eugen Blanck , Konrad Rühl , Otto Ernst Schweizer , Hans Schwippert and Robert Vorhoelzer ). In 1964 he received the Federal Cross of Merit .

Gravestone in the Chorin monastery cemetery

Max Taut was buried in the Chorin monastery cemetery in the municipality of Chorin near Eberswalde .

Private

Max Taut was the youngest of three sons of Julius Josef Taut (1844–1907), a businessman and Auguste Henriette Bertha Taut born. Müller (1858-1933). In 1914 he married Margarete Wollgast (1880–1975), the daughter of the innkeeper and blacksmith from Chorin. The marriage lasted until Max's death, but remained childless. Since Max's older brother Bruno Taut married Margarete's older sister, Hedwig Wollgast, the brothers were also brother-in-law .

interpretation

Max Taut's pioneering achievements consisted in the development of the frame structure, which showed the construction and symbolized a new democratic openness in building.

Works (selection)

Expressionist grave monument for August Wissinger in the south-west cemetery Stahnsdorf (1921)
Goethe high school in Nauen
Reichsknappschaftshaus (1930) on Breitenbachplatz in Berlin-Wilmersdorf
Inner courtyard of the school complex Schlichtallee / Fischerstraße in Berlin-Rummelsburg (1929–32)
Finsterwalde High School (1912/13)

buildings

Fonts

  • Max Taut: Buildings and Plans. Berlin 1927
  • Max Taut: New building in Germany. In: German contemporary architecture, fine arts and architecture. Zagreb 1931
  • Max Taut: Berlin under construction. Berlin 1946

literature

  • Max Taut. Exhibition catalog with texts by Julius Posener. ADK Berlin 1964.
  • Max Taut - drawings, buildings. Exhibition catalog. ADK Berlin 1984.
  • Annette Menting: Max Taut. The complete work. Munich: DVA, 2003.
  • Annette Menting:  Taut, Max. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-428-11206-7 , p. 817 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Christine Hoh-Slodczyk: Max-Taut-School Lichtenberg. District Office Lichtenberg, Dept. of Building and Housing - Building Construction Office, Berlin 1997
  • Michael Hammermeister: Max Taut on Hiddensee. The only Taut buildings in Pomerania - works of art from the 20s . In: Die Pommersche Zeitung , volume 66, episode 50 of December 17, 2016, p. 16, fig., Literature
  • Alfred Kuhn: Max Taut - Buildings. Berlin 1932.
  • Unda Hörner : The architects Bruno and Max Taut. Two brothers - two paths in life. Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 2012.
  • TAUT BUILDS. Stories about the architecture of Max Taut. With photographs by Stefan Müller. Published by the German Werkbund Berlin. Berlin: Klaus Wagenbach, 2017.

Web links

Commons : Pictures from Max Taut's works  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Architectural monument house of the book printer
  2. ↑ Architectural monument consumer department store
  3. ↑ Christine Hoh-Slodcyk: Max-Taut School Lichtenberg . Nicolai, Berlin 1997, pp. 11-40.
  4. ↑ Kerstin Kähling; City of Bonn, City Archives and City History Library (Hrsg.): Loosened up and structured: City and housing developments of the fifties and early sixties in the provisional federal capital Bonn (= Publications of the City Archives Bonn , vol. 63), Bonn 2004, ISBN 978-3922832348 , P. 71
  5. ↑ In the shadow of the brother: Like Bruno, Max Taut was also an important architect - shows the school complex on Nöldnerplatz in Berliner Woche, June 20, 2020
  6. ↑ Brief information on the printing house for today's users
  7. ↑ Historical Forays - Monuments of the City of Senftenberg
  8. ^ A b Ulrike Eichhorn : Taut & Hoffmann in Berlin. Edition Eichhorn, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-8442-8120-0 .
  9. ^ Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , July 15, 2012
personal data
SURNAME Taut, Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect
DATE OF BIRTH May 15, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Koenigsberg
DATE OF DEATH February 26, 1967
Place of death Berlin