Vanilla gardneri
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Vanilla gardneri is a species of plant in the genus Vanilla ( Vanilla ) in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). It grows as a climbing plant in Brazil.
description
Vanilla gardneri is an evergreen climber. The leaves are elongated, with a very short petiole at the base, ending bluntly at the front. They are 7.5 to 12.5 inches long and three to four inches wide.
The inflorescence axis is three to 7.5 inches long. The bracts are oval, stiff, about 0.4 to 0.6 centimeters in size. The flower stalk and ovary together become two to 3.5 centimeters long. Sepals and petals are narrowly lanceolate, almost bluntly ending, up to seven centimeters long. The lip is unlobed, the front edge is not wavy and ends bluntly. The lip is slightly smaller than the rest of the petals, its texture is thinner, only thickened at the edges, very slightly hairy, in the center sits a fleshy, backward-facing callus. The shape of the lip is rhombic, it ends bluntly. The club-shaped column is 3.7 centimeters long.
distribution
Vanilla gardneri occurs in Brazil, in the states of Pará , Pernambuco , Piauí , Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais . It grows in low altitudes in relatively dry, bright locations.
Systematics and botanical history
Vanilla gardneri was first described by Robert Allen Rolfe in 1895 . George Gardner had already seen this plant in 1836 and described that the fruits are used in Brazil in a similar way to that of the spiced vanilla ( Vanilla planifolia ). Accordingly, he also called these plants Vanilla planifolia . When Rolfe described the species from the specimens collected by Gardner, there was no fruit at all. Rolfe suspected that some vanilla fruits in the herbarium of the British Museum belonged to Vanilla gardneri , but could not detect any typical vanilla odor. Portères were also not aware of any fruits, he cites a report according to which 9,000 pounds of vanilla gardneri were produced in 1891 . He suspects that these were used to stretch real spiced vanilla, or that the fruits of vanilla gardneri are actually aromatic.
Within the genus Vanilla , Vanilla gardneri is classified in the sub-genus Xanata and there in the section Xanata , which only contains species of the Neotropics . According to Portères, Vanilla gardneri is similar to the South American Vanilla hostmannii . Also Soto Arenas and Cribb put them in the Vanilla hostmannii group, along with Vanilla cribbiana , Vanilla dressleri and Vanilla ruiziana . According to these authors, the Central American Vanilla dressleri is particularly similar .
literature
- Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde . In: Gilbert Bouriquet (ed.): Encyclopédie Biologique . tape XLVI . Paul Lechevalier, Paris 1954.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Roland Portères: Le Genre Vanilla et ses Espèces. In: Le Vanillier et la Vanille dans le Monde. P. 192.
- ↑ a b c Miguel A. Soto Arenas, Phillip Cribb: A new infrageeric classification and synopsis of the genus Vanilla Plum. ex Mill. (Orchidaceae: Vanillinae) . In: Lankesteriana . tape 9 , no. 3 , 2010, p. 376 ( ucr.ac.cr [PDF; 692 kB ]).
- ^ GFJ Pabst, F. Dungs: Orchidaceae Brasilienses. Volume 1, 1975, p. 120.
- ↑ In: Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew. 1895, p. 177.
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Vanilla gardneri. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 19, 2020.