Vidyasagar Setu
Coordinates: 22 ° 33 ′ 25 ″ N , 88 ° 19 ′ 40 ″ E
| Vidyasagar Setu | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| use | Road bridge | |
| Crossing of | Hugli | |
| place | Calcutta , ( India ) | |
| construction | Cable-stayed bridge | |
| overall length | 823 m | |
| width | 35 m | |
| Longest span | 457.2 m | |
| Headroom | 26 m | |
| start of building | 1978/1979 | |
| completion | 1992 | |
| opening | October 10, 1992 | |
| planner | Schlaich Bergermann and Partner | |
| toll | for all motor vehicles | |
| location | ||
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Vidyasagar Setu ( Bengali : বিদ্যাসাগর সেতু , Bidyāsāgar setu ; German: Vidyasagar Bridge , in English and in the literature commonly known as Second Hooghly Bridge ) is a road bridge over the river Hugli (Hooghly), an estuary of the Ganges in the Indian state of West Bengal .
It connects the metropolis of Calcutta (since 2001: Kolkata ) with the opposite city of Howrah , which has more than one million inhabitants . The two cities were - apart from Vivekananda Setu , located far to the north - only connected by the Howrah Bridge until the Second Hooghly Bridge was opened in 1992. It was officially named after Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar , a reformer in Bengal in the 19th century.
The bridge was the first cable-stayed bridge in India and has the longest span of any bridge in India.
It is subject to tolls for motor vehicles .
history
The rapid growth of the two cities and the frequent traffic jams at Howrah Bridge made it necessary to build another river crossing. At the beginning of 1970 Jörg Schlaich was commissioned by the West Bengal government to plan the second bridge over the Hugli. The criterion for this was that the bridge would be built by local workers from local, non- weldable steel without any imports .
Schlaich developed the conception of a cable-stayed bridge with a girder made of riveted longitudinal and cross girders in combination with a concrete deck. The material required for the bridge could be obtained from Indian steel producers and building material suppliers, the extensive riveting and concreting work were common activities for the numerous local workers that could be carried out with a lot of manual labor.
The foundation stone for the second bridge over the Hugli was laid by Indira Gandhi on May 20, 1972 , but the actual construction work did not begin until 1979. The execution planning and construction supervision was taken over by Schlaich with the office of Schlaich Bergermann und Partner , which was founded shortly afterwards . Freeman Fox & Partners acted as test engineers , and wind tunnel tests were carried out by the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore . Braithwaite, Burn & Jessop Construction Co. , a Calcutta-based bridge construction company nationalized in 1987, was commissioned with the construction . The work was repeatedly hampered and interrupted by coordination problems, strikes by more than ten different unions and, finally, financing problems. However, it turned out that the process of connecting I-beams with rivets that were heated on charcoal grills could at least not be hindered by the daily power outages.
The bridge was inaugurated on October 10, 1992 after almost 13 years of construction.
Compared to the Howrah Bridge, it carries little traffic, which is partly due to the bridge toll.
description
The Vidyasagar Setu is a total of 823 m (2700 ft) long and 35 m (115 ft) wide six-lane road bridge, whose directional lanes are separated by a 1.7 m wide median with guard rails. The two 2.50 m wide sidewalks are attached outside the stay cables. The main opening of the bridge has a span of 457.2 m (1500 ft), the two side openings of 183 m (600 ft) each. There are also long approach bridges that thread the traffic from the bridge into various city motorways. The bridge has a clearance height of 26 m (85 ft) in the middle.
construction
The Vidyasagar Setu is a double-hipped cable - stayed bridge , the ropes of which are arranged in a fan system and are supported by two H-pylons .
At the client's request, the pylons are not made of concrete, but of riveted steel box girders with a cross-section of 4 m × 4 m. The free-standing portals are connected to one another by cross bars below the bridge deck and below the pylon tops. The stay cables made of parallel wires are firmly connected to the bridge deck; they were tensioned by devices in the pylon heads.
The bridge deck consists of three continuous 2 m high I-girders with center distances of 14.55 m each, which are connected by cross girders of the same height every 4.10 m on average. On the outside there are 2.95 m long cantilevers for the sidewalks. The grate thus formed hangs directly on the ropes with the outer longitudinal girders, the middle longitudinal girder serves to distribute the load . Starting from the pylons, the grating was cantilevered from the girders delivered by ships. At the same time, a 0.23 m thick and 35 m wide reinforced concrete slab made of in-situ concrete was produced on the grate with four caster fields to stiffen the construction and as a basis for the roadway and anchored to the steel girders.
This composite system was adopted for the Alex Fraser Bridge (Annacis Bridge) in Metro Vancouver , Canada , which was built from 1983 to 1986 , and was reused in a further developed form by Schlaich Bergermann and Partners for the Ting Kau Bridge in Hong Kong .
literature
- Jörg Schlaich: Well riveted is better than badly welded Social bridge construction - the Second Hooghly Bridge in Calcutta. In: Deutsche Bauzeitung db. Journal for architects and civil engineers 144.2010, issue 8, pages 20–21 [1] .
- René Walther, Bernard Houriet, Walmar Isler, Pierre Moïa: Cable- stayed bridges . Revised edition and translation, Verlag Bau + Technik / Beton-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7640-0328-6 , p. 57
Individual evidence
- ^ SB Bhattacherje: Encyclopedia of Indian Events & Dates . 6th edition. Sterling Publishers, New Delhi 2008, ISBN 978-81-207-4074-7 , pp. A-242
- ↑ a b c C.K. Gunguly, SK Bhatacharya: The Design Methodology and Construction Technique of 457 m Span Cable Stayed Bridge In: Cable Stayed, Supported and Suspension Bridges (Proceedings of the International Conference, November 19-21, 1999, Hyderabad, India). Indian Institution of Bridge Engineers, Universities Press (India) Limited, Hyderabad 2000, ISBN 978-81-7371-271-5 , p. 113
- ↑ a b Vidyasagar Setu on the website of the Hooghly River Bridge Commissioners
- ^ Website of the BBJ
- ^ SB Bhattacherje: Encyclopedia of Indian Events & Dates . 6th edition. Sterling Publishers, New Delhi 2008, ISBN 978-81-207-4074-7 , pp. A-273
