Villa Effertz

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Villa Effertz

The Villa Effertz is a villa in the Hanover district of Kleefeld . It is located at Spinozastraße 5 in the so-called Philosopher's Quarter (the streets in the district are named after philosophers). The building erected in 1909 is a special example of the Hanoverian villa construction at the beginning of the 20th century and is a listed building . The natural stone facade is accented by a half-timbered gable and a round corner tower.

Building description

The three-storey Villa Effertz was built based on medieval castles in the neo-Romanesque style of sandstone and with pronounced half-timbered facades. The striking entrance gate, also made of sandstone, with a round arch also follows the neo-Romanesque style. At the beginning of the 1990s, the top floor was expanded with a ceiling height of seven and a half meters as part of a renovation and redesign. The representative staircase made of solid wood has an elaborately designed portal with a marble coffered ceiling . The villa, together with the coach house behind it, forms a building complex .

history

Side view
Tower detail

The villa Effertz was founded in 1909 by the architect Arthur Henry built, builder was mining industry - Manager Reinhard Effertz , who until 1910 as Director General , the Königsborner AG for mining, salt flats and salt water bath operation initiated on the eastern edge of the Ruhr area and sat in Hanover to rest. After Effertz's death (1930), the villa came into the possession of the city of Hanover in the 1930s.

In 1936, during the Nazi era , the city renamed Spinozastrasse to Nietzschestrasse.

During the Second World War , the villa was used between December 1942 and October 1943 as an institute for Germanic ethnology in the district capital of Hanover . On the “Day of Race and Population Policy” the Gauleiter of the NSDAP , Hartmann Lauterbacher , announced the establishment of a research institute. It was supposed to be dedicated to the “racial purity of the population of Lower Saxony” and to counteract the “dangers” “caused by the foreign workers” in Lower Saxony. The biology professor Ferdinand Rossner was appointed head of the institute, who later commented on the crude racist studies of the institute in letters. During this time, population statistics are said to have been kept in the villa, "Germanic" early history and questionable " clan research " carried out. Rumor has it that skulls were measured in the “coach house” behind the villa. In the protocol of the institution, however, only several casts of the Leibniz skull are mentioned, which were made and distributed to various dignitaries; apparently out of concern of the city administration that the skull could fall victim to the war damage. After the air raids on Hanover in October 1943, the research institute disappeared.

After the war, the villa, which was previously linked to the Nazi racial madness, underwent a particularly remarkable change in its function: it became a transit home for former concentration camp prisoners , and in 1945 the newly founded Jewish community held the first Jewish service here after the collapse of the Nazi regime. Also in 1945, Nietzschestrasse got its original name back, Spinozastrasse. For a long time from 1956 the villa was a dormitory for the students of the neighboring Hedwig-Heyl-Schule (today Alice-Salomon-Schule ). In 1989 the city sold the building, which has since been used as a residential building.

In recent years the villa has served as a location for television productions. In April 2011, scenes from the film "Aus Liebe" with Ralph Herforth , Peter Heinrich Brix and Anica Dobra were shot in front of the house . In April 2012, scenes from the crime series Tatort with Maria Furtwängler , directed by Franziska Meletzky (double episode disposable girl and the golden ribbon ) were created here.

literature

  • House with history. The Villa Spinozastraße 5. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung 2001.
  • Sabine Szameitat: The villa saves face. Despite monument protection, triangular windows at the back. In: Building and Living (edition unknown)
  • Janet von Stillfried : Folklore and Racial Studies - Villa Effertz , in this: The Sachsenross under the swastika. Travel guide through Hanover and the surrounding area 1933-1945 , MatrixMedia-Verlag, Göttingen 2015, ISBN 978-3-932313-85-1 , pp. 104-107

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Helmut Zimmermann : Street names that have disappeared in Hanover. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter , Volume 48 (1994), pp. 355-375, here p. 371.
  2. ↑ Ingo Haar , Michael Fahlbusch (ed.), Matthias Berg (collaborator): Handbuch der Völkischen Wissenschaften. Individuals, institutions, research programs, foundations. KG Saur, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-598-11778-7 , pp. 43-45.
  3. ^ Robert von Lucius : Philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Universal genius with deep eye sockets. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , September 7, 2011; Martina Trauschke: The Leibniz grave . In: HofundStadtkirche.de , 2011; Michael Grau: Universal genius in the sights of the Nazis. A plaster cast of the Leibniz skull attracts visitors to Hanover for the second time.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: epd .de , August 28, 2012.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.epd.de  
  4. ^ Peter Schulze : Contributions to the history of the Jews in Hanover. (= Hannoversche Studien , Volume 6.) Hahn, Hannover 1998, ISBN 3-7752-4956-7 , p. 44.
  5. ↑ Without going into the villa, with the indication of its location in the title of the meeting: Matthias Dell: Tatort: ​​Schopenhauer-, corner Spinozastraße. In: Der Freitag (online edition), December 9, 2012.

Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ′ 12.5 "  N , 9 ° 47 ′ 37.2"  E