Wladyslaw Odonic

The ducal seal of Władysław Odon from 1231

The Kingdom of Poland (Seniorate Poland) in the 13th century and the Polish duchies. The sphere of influence of Duke Władysław Odon was in Greater Poland ("Wielkopolska") with the three main centers of Poznan, Gniezno and Kalisch. The territories of Gniezno and Kalisch are summarized on the map. Areas marked in gray were territories that had left the Polish Imperial Union by 1252: In the west, the state of Lebus - on the Lubusz map - which went to the Mark Brandenburg and formed the nucleus of the later New Mark . In the east the Kulmer Land - on the Chełmno map - which was transferred to the Teutonic Order state - on the Państwo Krzyżackie map - by Duke Konrad of Masovia in 1226/30. The country of Drohiczyn , which went to the Principality of Halych-Volhynia , and in the north the Duchy of Pomerania, which became independent under the Samborids after 1227 (illustration of the political-territorial situation around 1252, Polish map)

Władysław Odon (also Władysław Odonic (z) or Władysław Odon , Latin Ladislaus ; * 1190 ; † June 5, 1239 ) was Duke of Greater Poland in Kalisz 1207-1217 / 1229-1234, in Poznan 1216-1217 / 1229-1234 and in Gniezno 1229-1239. Between 1229 and 1234 he was a duke in the entire Duchy of Greater Poland. He was the son of Duke Odon (1141 / 49–1194) from his connection with the Ruthenian princess Wyszesława von Halytsch, daughter of Jaroslaw Osmomysl (1130–1187), Prince von Halytsch from the noble family of the Rurikids . Władysław Odon came from the dynasty of the Wielkopolska Piast .

Life

In 1206 Władysław came into conflict with his uncle, Duke Władysław III. Dünnbein , actual Duke of Greater Poland and Senior Duke of Poland , who separated the Duchy of Kalisch from Greater Poland, which Władysław Odonic counted to his hereditary lands and wanted to hand over to Silesia . His attempt to overthrow his uncle with the help of local dignitaries and the Archbishop of Gniezno Henryk Kietlicz failed.

As a result, Władysław fled to Silesia to the court of Duke Heinrich I, the bearded , and received the Duchy of Kalisz back from him in 1207, which he kept until 1217.

In 1210 Władysław met with his relatives, Konrad I, Duke of Mazovia , Leszek I, Duke of Lesser Poland , and Henry I, Duke of Silesia, in Borzykowa to form an alliance with Archbishop Henryk Kietlicz against the rule of Dukes Władysław III . Dünnbein and Mieszko I. to form Opole , they also confirmed the Polish Church the privileges that had been granted to it in 1180 in the first Polish Sejm (Reichstag) in Łęczyca .

In 1217 he fell out again with Władysław III. Dünnbein, who had previously drawn his former enemies, the dukes Heinrich I and Leszek I, to his side. In the subsequent power struggle, Władysław Dünnbein overthrew his nephew from the Wielkopolska ducal throne and forced him to flee to Hungary to the court of King Andreas II. After detours via the German and Bohemian lands, he went to Pomerania , to the court of Duke Swantopolk II , whose favor he won. With the assistance of the Pomeranian military, he regained most of Greater Poland by 1229.

In alliance with Duke Swantopolk II, he attacked in 1227 the Polish dukes who had gathered in Gąsawa to a Wiec . Duke Leszek I was killed, while Duke Heinrich I was seriously wounded.

In 1231 Heinrich I went in league with Władysław Dünnbein, without lasting success, on the offensive against Greater Poland.

In 1233 Władysław Odonic granted privileges to the Bishopric of Poznan , which led to the uprising of the local nobility. Duke Heinrich I took advantage of the power vacuum and appropriated large parts of Greater Poland by 1239, the year Duke Władysław Odonic died.

Władysław Odonic found his final resting place in the Poznan Cathedral .

Marriage and offspring

Several sons and daughters emerged from the marriage with Jadwiga († 1249):

• Przemysław (1220 / 21–1257), Duke of Greater Poland (in Poznan, Kalisch and Gniezno);
• Bolesław VI. the Pious (1224 / 27–1279), Duke of Greater Poland (in Posen, Kalisch and Gnesen);
• Salomea (1225 / 35–1267 / 71), through marriage to Duke Konrad II , Duchess of Silesia in Glogau ;
• Eufemia (before 1239–1287), through marriage to Duke Władysław I , Duchess of Silesia in Opole - Ratibor ;

Links and literature

• Wladyslaw IV. Odonicz, Duke of Kalisch-Posen (1194–1239) , on the portal genealogie-mittelalter.de