Walter Schönbrunn

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Walter August Otto Schönbrunn (born September 27, 1889 in Breslau ; † December 2, 1960 in Lübeck ) was a German German philologist, classical philologist and pedagogue. He is considered to be one of the first modern literary didacticians.

Life

Walter Schönbrunn was the son of the high school teacher Otto Schönbrunn. He grew up in Glogau and attended the Royal Evangelical Gymnasium in Groß-Glogau until he graduated from high school in Easter 1908. He then studied German, classical philology and mathematics at the universities of Heidelberg , Leipzig and Greifswald . In Greifswald, he became in 1911 one of Gustav Ehrismann supervised dissertation to Dr. phil. PhD. After his exams he entered the higher education service in Prussia as a trainee lawyer in autumn 1912 and came to the municipal high school in Liegnitz . On April 1, 1914, he received employability.

With the beginning of the First World War he volunteered and served first with the 2nd Lower Silesian Field Artillery Regiment No. 41 , then with the 5th Lower Silesian Infantry Regiment No. 154 . From November 1915 Schönbrunn was a lieutenant in the reserve . For his achievements, he received both classes the Iron Cross , the Braunschweig War Merit Cross and the Wound Badge, and in August 1918 the Knight's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern with Swords.

From October 1918 he was a senior teacher at the Reformrealgymnasium in Berlin-Zehlendorf . He supported the Weimar Republic , belonged to the Association of Resolute School Reformers and was a close friend of Adolf Grimme . In 1928 he was promoted to senior director at Sophien-Gymnasium . As early as April 1, 1929, he moved to the Prinz-Heinrichs-Gymnasium (PHG) in Berlin-Schöneberg in the same position .

In addition to his management duties, Schönbrunn was also involved in journalism. In 1929 his programmatic, alarming and immediately hotly discussed essay The Need of Literature Lessons in Metropolitan Schools was published. In it he described the twilight of the gods that broke through our favorite poetry and advocated the treatment of modern literature. In the lively debate that followed, he was heavily criticized by representatives of conservative, classic-centered German classes. In another article in 1930 he called for a Democratic-Republican education . The National Socialist Gauleiter Wilhelm Kube , whose two sons were students of the institution, accused him of fanatical hatred of Adolf Hitler and his work in 1933 and of having turned the PHG into a place of desolate black-red-gold party demagogy .

Portrait of Dr. Walter Schönbrunn
Karl Hofer , 1942
Oil on canvas,
65 cm × 49 cm
(2015 in the art trade);

linked image
(please note copyrights )

After the National Socialists came to power, he was given a leave of absence on July 8, 1933 by Kube, who has since become President . As of November 1934, he was demoted to the teacher at the high school for girls in Berlin-Lankwitz , today's Beethoven high school set.

In 1945 he came to Schleswig-Holstein and, as a school councilor in the Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs in Kiel, was responsible for building up the democratic school system. In 1949 he moved to Lübeck as director of the Katharineum . He stayed here until his retirement in 1956.

Works

  • The Romantics as literary historians and their forerunners. Glogau: Wildner 1911; zugl. Greifswald, Phil. Diss. v. Aug 5, 1911.
  • Education in critical thinking while reading Latin classics (Cicero's 1st Catiline speech). Berlin: Verlag Neues Vaterland, E. Berger & Co. 1921 (The practice of decisive school reform; issue 2)
  • The experience of poetry in school. Berlin: Schwetschke 1921, 2nd probably edition 1924.
  • Youth hiking as a maturation for culture. Berlin: Hensel & Co. 1927.
  • German literature in the Middle Ages. Leipzig: Quelle & Meyer 1927.
  • Awakening the youth: modern German lessons. Diesterweg 1930.
  • The individual and the state in Germany. Bielefeld: Velhagen & Klasing 1931.
  • The treatment of Schiller's "Wilhelm Tell" in class. Berlin: People and Knowledge 1946.
  • Goethe between yesterday and tomorrow. Lübeck & Hamburg: Matthiesen [1965].

literature

  • Hans Heinrich Mandel: Two directors are rebuilding the Katharineum - Hellmut Weishaupt, Walter Schönbrunn. In: Festschrift for the 450th anniversary of the Katharineum in Lübeck 1981. Lübeck 1981, pp. 58–66.
  • Raimer Jochims : memories of dr. w. beautiful well. In: Festschrift for the 450th anniversary of the Katharineum in Lübeck 1981. Lübeck 1981, pp. 67–68.
  • Karl Bernhard Wohlert (arrangement) / Markus Eisenbeis (ed.): Karl Hofer: Catalog raisonné of paintings. Cologne: Van Ham Art Publ. 2008 ISBN 978-3-00-021487-5 , p. 291.
  • Matthias Busch: Citizenship in the Weimar Republic: Genesis of a democratic subject didactics. Julius Klinkhardt 2015 ISBN 9783781520691 , p. 188.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Rupp: The literature in the pedagogical system. In: Gerhard Plumpe, Niels Werber (ed.): Observations of literature: Aspects of a polycontextural literary study. Springer, Heidelberg 2013, ISBN 3663119793 , pp. 77f.
  2. ↑ Rolf Hensel: Steps to the scaffold. The Berlin City School Council and Lord Mayor of Görlitz: Hans Meinshausen. Berlin 2012 (= contemporary historical research 44). ISBN 978-3-428-13690-2 , pp. 81f
  3. ^ Wilfried Barner : Pioneers, schools, pluralism: studies on the history and theory of literary studies. Berlin: de Gruyter 1997 ISBN 9783110935646 , p. 114
  4. ↑ Upbringing. Monthly for the connection between culture and education in science and life. (1929/1930), pp. 252-259
  5. ↑ Wolfgang Hegele; Literature lessons and literary life in Germany (1850-1990): historical presentation, systematic explanation. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, 1996 ISBN 9783826011603 , p. 39f
  6. ^ Monthly for Higher Schools 29 (1930), pp. 537-549
  7. ↑ Rolf Hensel: Steps to the scaffold. The Berlin City School Council and Lord Mayor of Görlitz: Hans Meinshausen. Berlin 2012 (= contemporary historical research 44). ISBN 978-3-428-13690-2 , p. 82
predecessor Office successor
Hellmut Weishaupt Director of the Katharineum in Lübeck
1949 - 1956 		Julius brown
personal data
SURNAME Schönbrunn, Walter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schönbrunn, Walter August Otto (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Germanist, classical philologist and educator
DATE OF BIRTH September 27, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Wroclaw
DATE OF DEATH 2nd December 1960
Place of death Lübeck