Defenseless Trespe

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Defenseless Trespe
Defenseless bromus inermis, blooming

Defenseless bromus inermis , blooming

Systematics
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Pooideae
Genre : Brome ( Bromus )
Type : Defenseless Trespe
Scientific name
Bromus inermis
Leyss.

The defenseless Trespe ( Bromus inermis ), also called ungrannte Trespe or Unreinforced Trespe , is a species of the genus Trespen ( Bromus ) within the sweet grass family (Poaceae).

description

Illustration from Flora Batava, Volume 19
A single spikelet: at the base of the spikelet there are two glumes (Glu, Gluma), above that on the spikelet axis there are several flowers each wrapped in a lemma (Lem, Lemma) and a palea (Pal, Palea).
Defenseless brach, inflorescence

Vegetative characteristics

The defenseless Trespe grows as a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of up to 1 meter. This relatively high meadow grass is lawn-forming thanks to its long runners .

The leaves are flat and 5 to 9 millimeters wide. The mostly tubular closed leaf sheaths and the leaf blades are bare. The greenish leaf membranes (ligules) are inconspicuous, short and about 0.5 to 2 millimeters long.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to July. In an upright rispigen inflorescence much ährigen panicle are alternately on the sides of a four-sided axis. Each spikelet , up to 3 centimeters long, contains four to ten flowers. The lemmas are long ovate and rounded on the back. They are not awned (hence the name), sometimes pointed, more rarely with 2 to 4 millimeter long awns , which arise just below the tip. The lower glume is single-nerved, the upper, however, three-nerved. The large anthers are strikingly yellow in color.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28, 42, 56 or 76.

Occurrence

The defenseless Trespe is common in the temperate climates of Eurasia. It is a neophyte in North America, New Zealand and other countries. It is currently spreading in Germany.

The defenseless Trespe occurs scattered in Germany. It thrives on warm, dry to alternately dry, base-rich, humus-rich, loose, sandy loam and loess soils, also on gravel or clay. It can be found above all at the edges of forests, on paths, in fields, in ruderal semi- arid grasslands or ruderal meadows . It is a species of character of the order Agropyretalia z. B. in the Convolvulo-Brometum inermis. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part at the mountain station of the Jöchelspitze cable car up to 1780 meters above sea level.

ecology

She is a deeply rooted creeper pioneer.

use

This form-rich species can be used as a forage grass with moderate forage value . Especially in the eastern parts of Europe , this grass is used because of its drought and flood resistance.

swell

literature

  • Jürke Grau , Bruno P. Kremer, Bodo M. Möseler, Gerhard Rambold, Dagmar Triebel: Grasses. Sweet grasses, sour grasses, rushes and grass-like families in Europe (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). New, edit. Special edition edition. Mosaik, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10702-9 .
  • E. Vogler: Identification of grasses from photos. Blackwell, Berlin, 1994. ISBN 3-8263-3018-8 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . P. 206.
  2. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Bromus inermis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved November 5, 2016.
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 202.
  4. ↑ Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: Our grasses. Sweet grasses, sour grasses, rushes . 11th edition. Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07613-X .

Web links

Commons : Defenseless Trespe ( Bromus inermis )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files